摘要：随着科技的发展,社会的需求,煤化工废水已经实现废水零排放。煤化工废水零排放中的溶解盐蒸发结晶系统制约着整个零排放的运行稳定性,其中结晶盐的固液分离显得尤为重要、本文论述了结晶盐固液分离的远程控制技术,通过自主研发的压滤机运行步续,降低了Na_2SO_4·10H_2O的结晶风险,提高系统运行的稳定性。压滤机全自动过程包括:监控方式选择、远程监控准备、压滤系统的远程启停、板框压紧、自动进料、压缩气反吹、角吹、回程卸料等步骤。通过压滤机的自动化运行,使整个废水零排放工程进入自动化运行状态,满足现代化煤化工的运行标准。

摘要：In FLAC ^(3D),cable element or modified pile element can be used to build slope anchoring ***,the difference between the two structural elements and their influence on the calculation results have not been studied in *** order to solve this problem,the Xiashu loess slope anchoring models based on cable element and modified pile element were constructed respectively.A variety of anchoring schemes were designed by orthogonal experiment method,and then they were brought into the model for calculation and the calculation results were analyzed by range analysis and variance *** results show that the modified pile element can bear the bending moment and reflect the strain softening property of the *** the perspective of slope safety factor,the anchorage length and anchor bolt spacing are the main factors affecting the stability of the slope,and the anchorage angle is the secondary *** grout in cable element is assumed to be an elastic-perfectly plastic material,so the safety factor of the slope can be significantly increased by increasing the length of the anchor *** will bring potential risks to the slope treatment ***,in the calculation of the slope anchoring model,the modified pile element is more suitable for simulating the anchor bolt.

摘要：针对一类匹配不确定非线性连续时间系统,本文提出一种具有预见与PI补偿的鲁棒滑模控制设计方法.首先,为提高系统的跟踪性能和鲁棒性,在常规的滑模控制基础上,引入前馈预见与PI控制器.然后,通过增加扩展系统状态变量方法,构造一个包含可预见的目标信号的不确定增广系统,并将控制器的设计问题转化为增广系统的稳定性问题.在此基础上,针对标称增广系统,应用最优控制原理,设计最优预见PI控制器;针对不确定增广系统,应用变结构控制方法,设计最优预见PI滑模控制器,实现不确定系统的鲁棒调节.所得结果推广和包含了已有文献中的一些结果.最后,数值仿真验证所提方法的有效性.

摘要：In order to improve the mechanical properties of *** transition joints manufactured by explosive welding,meshing bonding interfaces were obtained by prefabricating dovetail grooves in base *** microstructure and mechanical properties of the meshing interfaces were systematically *** microstructure observation showed that metallurgical bonding without pores was created in the form of direct bonding and melting zone bonding at the *** on tensile specimens showed cleavage fracture on the steel side and ductile fracture on the aluminum side near the *** tensile shear test results indicated that the shear strength of the meshing interface 0°and 90°was increased by 11%and 14%,respectively,when being compared to that of the ordinary *** transition *** values of microhardness decreased as the distance from the interface *** three-point bending,cracks were observed at the bonding interface for some specimens due to the existence of brittle *** compounds.

摘要：The existing methods for extracting the arrival time and amplitude of ultrasonic echo cannot eff ectively avoid the local interference of ultrasonic signals while drilling,which leads to poor accuracy of the echo arrival time and amplitude extracted by an ultrasonic imaging logging-while-drilling *** this study,a demodulation algorithm is used to preprocess the ultrasonic simulation signals while drilling,and we design a backpropagation neural network model to fit the relationship between the waveform data and time and *** ultrasonic imaging logging model is established,and the finite element simulation software is used for forward *** response under diff erent measurement conditions is simulated by changing the model parameters,which are used as the input layer of the neural network model;The ultrasonic echo signal is considered as a low-frequency signal modulated by a high-frequency carrier signal,and a low-pass fi lter is designed to remove the high-frequency signal and obtain the low-frequency envelope *** the amplitude of the envelope signal and its corresponding time are extracted as an output layer of the neural network *** comparing the application eff ects of the various training methods,we fi nd that the conjugate gradient descent method is the most suitable method for solving the neural network *** performance of the neural network model is tested using 11 groups of simulation test data,which verify the eff ectiveness of the model and lay the foundation for further practical application.

摘要：为研究涡轮叶片冷却效果试验中常见因素变量(质量流量比、温度比及燃气雷诺数)间的交互作用对冷却效果响应变量的影响,采用正交试验设计方案结合试验数据响应面分析方法,对各因素变量的主效应及交互效应进行了分析。结果表明:各因素的主效应对冷却效果的影响程度最大,质量流量比与温度比的交互效应影响程度其次,温度比与燃气雷诺数及质量流量比与燃气雷诺数呈现出较弱的交互效应。拟合回归了带有交互作用项的冷却效果线性化经验公式,给出了因素变量空间内冷却效果响应变量的最大值(约为0.397),95%置信区间为[0.351,0.449],此时因素变量组合为温度比1.59,质量流量比0.039,燃气雷诺数348000。对拟合回归结果进行了检验,两个状态点的检验回归精度均不大于3%。

摘要：目的为探究以造物意象为代表的中国传统设计语言与设计文化的共性规律,结合易经文化与设计语义理论对中国设计语义学造物意象进行解析,构建中国设计语义学造物意象体系。方法首先,对中国传统设计语义学的造物意象概念和谱系进行梳理;其次,基于易经哲学概念,提出意象生成、意象衍生与意象发展三个阶段,同时结合设计语义理论,提出意象缘起–设计语义表征化、意象互证–设计语义辩证化、意象跃迁–设计语义合喻化、意象跃迁–设计语义异喻化的造物意象演进路径,进而完成了中国设计语义学造物意象体系的构建;最后,应用上述体系对不同设计案例进行解析。结果梳理了中国传统设计语义学的造物意象谱系脉络与概念,构建了中国设计语义学造物意象体系,提出了造物意象演变路径。结论在一定程度上探究了中国传统设计语言与设计文化的共性规律,为具有中国特色、中国风格、中国气派的设计理论体系研究作出了积极探索。

摘要：在用谷物豆类原粮饲喂白羽杂交王鸽青年鸽日粮营养水平 ME1 3 .2 4 MJ/kg、CP1 3 %、Ca 0 .0 7%、P 0 .2 8%情况下 ,设计了每日每鸽保健添加剂饲喂量为 1 .5g 标准组 、2 g、2 .5g、3 g共 4个剂量组 ,与自配保健添加剂 对照组 1 .5g剂量 ,进行 1 2 0 d比较试验 .结果 :公鸽体重增加 94 .68± 74 .67g,比对照组 2 4 .68± 2 2 .69g,提高 2 .84倍 P<0 .0 1 ;母鸽体重增加74 .4 3± 3 8.85g,比对照组 1 5.63± 9.1 0 g提高 3 .76倍 P<0 .0 1 .青年鸽开产时间提早 5d,产蛋窝数提高 3 1 .75% ,种鸽育成率提高 4 0 % .按肉鸽营养标准配制保健添加剂每日每鸽喂量以1 .5g达到理想效果 ,饲喂量超过标准需要量和实践添加量 ,青年鸽增重呈明显下降趋势 P<0 .0 1 ,对种鸽育成数有影响 ,而对产蛋窝数并没有明显影响 ,自配保健添加剂对青年鸽的健康、生长发育和繁殖都有负面明显影响 .

摘要：食品的品种不同则其含有营养成分和功效存在差异,得到的傅里叶变换红外光谱也存在差异。为了准确的实现品种分类,设计了一种将傅里叶变换红外光谱与模糊聚类分析方法相结合的品种鉴别方法。在模糊Kohonen聚类网络(FKCN)基础上将模糊K调和聚类(FKHM)引入到Kohonen聚类网络的学习速率和更新策略中,提出了模糊K-Harmonic-Kohonen网络(FKHKCN)算法。FKHKCN利用模糊C均值(FCM)聚类的模糊隶属度计算其学习速率,以FKHM的聚类中心为基础通过推导计算得到FKHKCN的聚类中心,可以解决模糊Kohonen聚类网络方法对于初始类中心敏感而导致聚类结果不稳定的问题。FKHKCN作为一种模糊聚类算法,可实现傅里叶变换红外光谱数据的聚类分析。采用三种数据集:(1)采集产自四川的三种茶叶(优质和劣质的乐山竹叶青以及峨眉山毛峰)作为实验样本,样本总数为96。(2)两个品种(robusta和arabica)的咖啡样本。(3)三个品种(鸡肉、猪肉和火鸡)的肉类样本。首先对三个光谱数据集进行预处理,利用多元散射校正降低茶叶样本原始光谱数据集的散射影响,使用Savitzky-Golay减少噪声对肉类和咖啡这两个光谱数据集的影响。再利用主成分分析将高维的三种光谱数据集压缩至低维。然后采用线性判别分析进行特征提取,将光谱数据投影到求得的鉴别向量上。最后分别采用FCM,FKCN和FKHKCN对茶叶、肉类和咖啡进行判别。最终结果如下:FCM,FKCN和FKHKCN对茶叶品种的聚类准确率分别为90.91%,90.91%和93.94%;对肉类品种的聚类准确率分别为90.83%,0.00%和92.50%;对咖啡品种的聚类准确率分别为89.17%,89.17%和90.83%。以上实验结果表明:采用傅里叶红外光谱技术结合主成分分析、线性判别分析和FKHKCN的方法能够较有效地对食品的品种进行鉴别,且鉴别准确率比FCM和FKCN更高,聚类结果更稳定。

摘要：提出一种可用于预制装配式结构中梁柱连接和耗能的转动型阻尼器——扭转钢管阻尼器。设计了5个不同参数的扭转钢管阻尼器试件并对其进行了拟静力低周往复加载试验,结果表明:试件整体绕销轴发生转动变形,具有良好的转动变形能力,极限转角均在0.06 rad以上,延性系数均大于规范要求的4.0;试件的滞回曲线饱满,具有明显的等向强化特征,等效黏滞阻尼系数达到0.5左右,具有良好的耗能能力;试件的壁厚和外径越大、有效管长越小,其转动强度越大;试件在等幅循环加载下各项疲劳性能指标基本在±15%的规范要求内,具有良好的抗疲劳性能。在此基础上,对Bouc-Wen模型进行改进以模拟阻尼器的滞回行为,采用量子粒子群算法对试验滞回曲线进行了参数识别,识别结果表明改进Bouc-Wen模型能更好地适应试件的等向强化特性,具有比Bouc-Wen模型更高的模拟精度,可用于整体结构的抗震分析计算。