摘要：Taiwan is currently facing the serious challenge of decreasing enrollment in higher education institutes （HEIs） due to the oversupply of these institutions and decreasing birthrates. This has necessitated that policymakers implement new policies to meet the demands of the market. This paper uses punctuated equilibrium theory （PET） to explain the circumstances that led to the overexpansion of Taiwan＇s higher education institutions over the past decades. This article also analyzes the social contexts and ramifications of social conflict regarding public expectations and policy changes in the ideology of the educational reform movement.

摘要：Hydrogen,regarded as a promising energy carrier to alleviate the current energy crisis,can be generated from hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),whereas its efficiency is impeded by the activity of ***,effective strategies,such as strain and interfacial engineering,are imposed to tune the catalysis performance of novel two-dimensional(2D)phosphorus carbide(PC)layers using first-principle *** findings show that P site in pristine monolayer PC(ML-PC)exhibits higher HER performance than C ***,constructing bilayer PC sheet(BL-PC)can change the coordinate configuration of P atom to form 3-coordination-P atom(3-co-P)and 4-coordination-P atom(4-co-P),and the original activity of 3-co-P site is higher than the 4-co-P *** an external compressive strain is applied,the activity of the 4-co-P site is enhanced whereas the external strain can barely affect that of 3-co-P ***,the graphene substrate enhances the overall activity of the BL-PC because the graphene substrate optimizes the?GH*value of 4-co-P site,although it can barely affect the HER activity of 3-co-P site and *** desirable properties render 2 D PC-based material promising candidates for HER catalysts and shed light on the wide utilization in electrocatalysis.

摘要：在《健康上海行动(2019-2030年)》作为全国首个省级中长期健康行动方案出台背景下,强化健康促进专业机构在健康文化建设中的主导地位,将健康文化建设融入城市文化建设体系,将是我们未来面临的巨大挑战。文章以白领职业人群为对象,从健康文化主题活动的选题、传播的内容和创意手法、传播渠道、活动评估的角度,探索将健康传播与人文艺术表现形式进行创意结合,通过寓教于乐的实践,在专业健康知识与艺术欣赏之间找到最佳结合点,实现对目标人群的精准传播。

摘要：目的在人口老龄化与产品智能化的双重趋势下,为高龄者设计的智能产品也层出不穷。然而,高龄者在智能产品使用人群中所占的比例却少之又少。基于上述现象,提出基于认知老化的高龄者智能产品设计要则,为今后针对高龄者设计的智能产品提供一定的参考。方法首先通过分析现有的高龄者智能产品在外观、交互以及功能等方面的不足之处,得出研究认知老化对设计该类产品的重要意义,再以信息加工理论为基础,分析并总结出高龄者在使用智能产品的过程中所表现出的认知老化特征,最后对应特征归纳出设计要则。结论作为一个信息的载体,现有高龄者智能产品存在的主要问题,体现在其本身提供给用户的有效信息不足。基于高龄者感知觉、学习力、注意力和记忆力4个方面为主的认知能力衰退,得出了外观上强调可感知的信息、交互上自然匹配用户、功能上精简功能与操作以及信息上删减无关的注意等产品设计要则。

摘要：为增强整体桥的桥台适应主梁温度胀缩变形的能力,减小台后土压力、降低台后填土对全桥结构的约束作用,提出一种新型柔性桥台整体桥梁结构,即在薄壁整体式桥台后设置弹性可压缩材料(EPS)与轻质泡沫混凝土,代替部分台后填土。为研究该新型柔性桥台整体桥的受力性能,以深圳马峦山桥(原型桥)为背景,进行新型柔性桥台整体桥的试设计(试设计桥),建立原型桥与试设计桥有限元模型,进行设计计算和结构验算,比较试设计桥与原型桥在荷载作用下的受力性能和自振特性。结果表明:由于全桥结构的边界约束作用下降,试设计桥的0、3号桥台梁端恒载负弯矩分别比原型桥下降了21.94%、26.28%,活载负弯矩分别下降了16.54%、17.26%,可以有效缓解梁端负弯矩引起的混凝土开裂问题;整体升温或整体降温作用下,试设计桥桥台纵向位移增大了59.85%~63.12%,弯矩与应力分别降低了66.18%~66.73%、31.18%~32.11%;恒、活载作用下,试设计桥跨中和墩顶的弯矩变化并不显著,变化幅度均未超过6%;试设计桥的前10阶自振频率均小于原型桥,可明显减小地震荷载作用下产生的结构内力。

摘要：为实现由三维计算机辅助设计模型(三维计算机辅助设计软件设计图)建立边界的三维离散元法分析模型,提出一种基于图元的三维离散元法边界建模方法及实边界图元和虚边界图元的概念。在此基础上,建立了圆形平面、圆锥面和圆柱面等二十余种三维图元与球体颗粒的接触检测、接触点求解,以及接触叠合量的计算方法,并通过几个实例,验证了该边界建模方法的正确性和有效性,为设计阶段的计算机辅助设计模型进行机械部件工作过程的仿真分析奠定了基础。

摘要：星球熔岩管是进入星球地下的捷径,具有较高的科学探测及资源勘探价值。提出了一种新型系绳星球熔岩管探测子车,并开展其参数化设计研究。面向熔岩管管口大坡度斜坡绳索释放回收问题以及熔岩管内探测车转向问题对系绳轮式移动机构进行了构型设计。基于地面力学理论,考虑三轮移动系统在熔岩管口周围及管底堆积区松软地形内移动能力,以及探测车在崎岖硬质熔岩管内壁中的几何通过性、平稳性和抗颠覆性等因素对系绳三轮移动系统进行了参数优化设计。在模拟外星球地表环境中的仿真和试验结果表明,使用提出的优化设计方法设计出来的星球车完全满足预定的技术要求,相比于参数优化之前具备更强的移动性能,并可为四轮、六轮等多轮星球车参数化设计提供有益借鉴。

摘要：为解决ISM频段低噪声放大器降低失配与减小噪声之间的矛盾,提出了一种改善放大器性能的设计方法。分析了单项参数的变化规律,提出了提高综合性能的方法,给出了放大器封装模型的电路结构。对射频放大器SP模型和封装模型进行仿真。仿真结果表明,输入和输出匹配网络对放大器的性能有影响,所提出的设计方法能有效分配性能指标,为改善ISM频段低噪声放大器的性能提出了一种新的途径。

摘要：采用异步电机的起动/发电双功能电源系统将是战机、战车和汽车等移动电源系统的一个有竞争力的发展方向。结合18kW270V高压直流起动/发电系统的研究工作,该文介绍了异步电机与变换器控制结合的起动/发电系统综合设计方案,通过两路三相变换器的功率开关的通断实现电机起动时Δ接法、发电时Y接法的转换运行,解决了起动时低压蓄电池供电和发电时输出高压的矛盾。分别阐述了异步电机起动运行和发电运行的控制策略,对比了异步电机“Y”、“Δ”2种接法下的转矩控制技术的特点,并简要介绍了宽转速范围内提供恒压电功率技术。这些关键技术使系统大大提高了发电的动静态品质和起动性能。最后给出系统仿真及样机试验结果。

摘要：ln this research, the whole contact-type large-scale sow house with fer-mentation bed was designed. The planning area of the entire piggery was 5 700 m2 with workplace and green belts. The sow house was 93 m long and 33 m wide, a total of 3 069 m2, including office area of 60 m2 and aisle area of 107 m2. The fer-mentation bed had an area of 2 902 m2 with length of 88.7 m and width of 27.7 m. lts area accounted for 95% of the total area of sow house. The fermentation mattress had a depth of 80 cm, and had a volume of 2 321 m3, equivalent to 733 t of coconut chaff and rice chaff. On a large fermentation bed, the areas for boars, replacement gilts, pregnant sows, obstetric tables, nursery pigs, etc. were designed. The large-scale sow house with fermentation bed was equipped with the automatic feeding system, automatic sprinkler system, automatic positioning column for preg-nant sows, sows＇ obstetric table system, fanning wet curtain cooling system, video monitoring system, environmental monitoring （light, temperature, water, humidity, CO2, NH3） and automatic control system. Every farming area was equipped with feeding trough and water trough. The water though was fixed with overflow pipe for removing the extra water. The house could hold 500-head sows. Each sow occu-pied 4.9 m2 of the fermentation bed in average. The designed sow house had a maximum annual output of 10 000 piglets.