摘要：The OsLpa1 gene（LOC_Os02g57400） was identified to be involved in phytic acid（PA） metabolism because its knockout and missense mutants reduce PA content in rice grain. However, little is known about the molecular characteristics of OsLpa1 in rice and of its homologues in other plants. In the present study, the spatial pattern of OsLpa1 expression was revealed using OsLpa1 promoter：：GUS transgenic plants（GUS： β-glucuronidase）; GUS histochemical assay showed that OsLpa1 was strongly expressed in stem, leaf, and root tissues, but in floral organ it is expressed mainly and strongly in filaments. In seeds, GUS staining was concentrated in the aleurone layers; a few blue spots were observed in the outer layers of embryo, but no staining was observed in the endosperm. Three OsLpa1 transcripts（OsLpa1.1, OsLpa1.2, OsLpa1.3） are produced due to alternative splicing; quantitative reversetranscriptase polymerase chain reaction（RT-PCR） analysis revealed that the abundance of OsLpa1.3 was negligible compared with OsLpa1.1 and OsLpa1.2 in all tissues. OsLpa1.2 is predominant in germinating seeds（about 5 times that of OsLpa1.1）, but its abundance decreases quickly with the development of seedlings and plants, whereas the abundance of OsLpa1.1 rises and falls, reaching its highest level in 45-d-old plants, with abundance greater than that of OsLpa1.2 in both leaves and roots. In seeds, the abundance of OsLpa1 continuously increases with seed growth, being 27.5 and 15 times greater in 28-DAF（day after flowering） seeds than in 7-DAF seeds for OsLpa1.1 and OsLpa1.2, respectively. Transient expression of chimeric genes with green fluorescence protein（GFP） in rice protoplasts demonstrated that all proteins encoded by the three OsLpa1 transcripts are localized to the chloroplast.

摘要：The key to develop high specific energy rechargeable batteries is development of new electrode *** existing electrode materials still have many problems:the shuttle effect and poor conductivity of the sulfur cathode,the inevitable volume expansion of the silicon anode and the lithium dendrite of the lithium metal anode that cause short circuits,***,as active electrical materials,conductive additives and electrode bodies,can play multiple roles in electrode *** interestingly,nanofibers can be functionalized to obtain better controllable properties(i.e.,electrolyte affinity,pore size distribution and surface electronic structure),thereby further enhancing electrochemical *** this article,the latest research progress in electrode design based on nanofibers is reviewed,including processing methods,structure,morphology and electrochemical *** key problems affecting the electrochemical performance of the electrode are also discussed,such as the preparation process,atomic structure,electrical conductivity,surface area and pore distribution of nanofibers,to provide reference points for nanofibers in excellent electrode design.

摘要：针对目前光动力治疗皮肤癌中光敏剂传递效率低及光穿透深度不足的问题,提出一种用于光动力抗肿瘤的双层微针,双层微针由可溶针尖和不溶基底两部分组成.可溶针尖能够精准地将光敏剂递送至肿瘤组织内部,提高传递效率.针尖溶解后留存在组织内的不溶基底为高能光子提供稳定的光传输通道,增强光穿透深度,以激活深层光敏剂.为设计递送性能及光导性能良好的光动力抗肿瘤双层微针,采用COMSOL Multiphysics软件建立双层微针针尖结构在皮肤组织内的光敏剂扩散模型,研究针尖几何尺寸与药物扩散浓度的关系.同时,基于蒙特卡洛方法建立双层微针基底结构的皮肤黑色素瘤组织光学模型,研究基底几何尺寸对光导性能的影响.最终获得性能最优的双层微针几何尺寸.借助ANSYS Workbench软件建立其力学模型以验证该微针的刺入性能.研究结果表明:本文所设计的光动力抗肿瘤双层微针具备良好的力学性能,能够顺利刺穿皮肤组织,并通过可溶针尖将光敏剂靶向递送至肿瘤部位.不溶基底在肿瘤组织内建立稳定光导路径,有效促进光子传输.该微针设计建立了高效光动力抗肿瘤治疗方案,拓展了肿瘤非手术治疗的新途径.

摘要：Product innovation can be achieved by analyzing leading products patents in the *** methods have been proposed for design around patent,commonly using the elimination or replacement of a single patent element However,the existing research fails to restore the position and function of the design around object in the original patent portfolio of enterprises,which often leads to the phenomenon of evading one patent and violating *** paper proposes a method for design around patent through using the fusion of technologies of the evolution theory and bundle-type patent portfolio analysis in the initial stage of product *** object system is analyzed to select technical opportunities through the evolutionary path of technologies and functional trimming methods to achieve circumvent barriers of bundle-type *** bundle patent portfolio is analyzed for the product evolution with a radar *** technological evolution path is combined with the TRIZ innovation method to identify and solve the design *** of the new design is evaluated using the patent system rules for innovative scheme difference from the original patent *** method is verified in a case study for the design of a glass-wiping *** design solution has been patented.

摘要：目的探索中医药高等院校教师的线上教学行为特征并进行分类研究,为提高线上教学质量提供参考。方法2021年2月至4月,向全国24所独立设置的中医药高等院校参加线上教学的教师线上发放调查问卷5621份,回收有效问卷5225份,有效问卷回收率93.0%。采用描述性统计方法得到4个行为特征的平均评分,用相关性分析法探索教学行为特征之间的关系,用两步聚类分析法对该教师群体进行分类,对比不同类别教师的线上教学行为特点。结果教师线上教学行为特征评分为:学业辅导(4.32±0.59)分、课程设计(4.32±0.66)分、教学互动(3.93±0.66)分、自我评价(3.88±0.66)分。线上教学行为特征之间存在正向相关,基于线上教学行为将教师分为高能远虑型(2153人)、期待回归型(2278人)和盲目适从型(794人)。结论线上教学行为中,课程设计和学业辅导的行为特征更为突出;学业辅导与课程设计、教学互动的关系相对密切;高能远虑型教师具有科学的课程设计、积极的教学互动、丰富的学业辅助和理性的自我评价;期待回归型教师表现为一般化的课程设计、形式化的教学互动、任务式的学业辅助和中性的自我评价;而盲目适从型教师表现为简单的课程设计、消极的教学互动、单一的学业辅助和较低的自我评价。

摘要：Biological knowledge is becoming an important source of inspiration for developing creative solutions to engineering design problems and even has a huge potential in formulating ideas that can help firms compete successfully in a dynamic *** identify the technologies and methods that can facilitate the development ofbiologically inspired creative designs,this research briefly reviews the existing biological-knowledge-based theories and methods and examines the application of biological-knowledge-inspired designs in various ***,this research thoroughly examines the four dimensions of key technologies that underlie the biologically inspired design(BID)*** research then discusses the future development trends of the BID process before presenting the conclusions.

摘要：对民间剪纸的起源及其特有设计语言等方面进行分析,结合其在民族化包装设计领域的应用实例,指出二者的结合应用既让传统民间艺术因为有了新的载体而得以发扬传承,又使商品包装设计因为强烈的时代感和民族感而具有突出的市场竞争力,形成了新的包装设计创意发展模式,实现了包装设计与传统艺术的双赢。

摘要：Blended-Wing-Body(BWB) configuration, as an innovative transport concept, has become a worldwide research focus in the field of civil transports development. Relative to the conventional Tube-And-Wing(TAW) configuration, the BWB shows integrated benefits and serves as a most promising candidate for future ‘‘green aviation'. The objective of the present work is to figure out the effects of the stability margin and Thrust Specific Fuel Consumption(TSFC) on the BWB design in the framework of Multi-Disciplinary Optimization(MDO). A physically-based platform was promoted to study the effect static stability margin and engine technology level. Low-order physically based models are applied to the evaluation of the weight and the aerodynamic performance. The modules and methods are illustrated in detail, and the validation of the methods shows feasibility and confidence for the conceptual design of BWB aircrafts. In order to find out the relation between planform changes and the selection of stability and engine technology level, two sets of optimizations are conducted separately. The study proves that these two factors have dominant effects towards the optimized BWB designs in both aerodynamic shapes, weight distribution, which needs to be considered during the MDO design process. A balance diagram analysis is applied to find out a reasonable static stability margin range. It can be concluded that a recommended stability margin of a practical BWB commercial aircraft can be half of that of a conventional TAW design.

摘要：Persistent luminescence nanoprobes (PLNPs) can remain luminescent after ceasing *** to the ultra-long decay time of persistent luminescence (PersL),autofluorescence interference can be efficiently eliminated by collecting PersL signal after autofluorescence decays completely,thus the imaging contrast and sensing sensitivity can be significantly *** near-infrared (NIR) light shows reduced scattering and absorption coefficient in penetrating biological organs or tissues,near-infrared persistent luminescence nanoprobes (NIR PLNPs) possess deep tissue penetration and offer a bright prospect in the areas of in vivo biosensing/*** this review,we firstly summarize the design of different types of NIR PLNPs for biosensing/bioimaging,such as transition metal ions-doped NIR PLNPs,lanthanide ions-doped NIR PLNPs,organic molecules-based NIR PLNPs,and semiconducting polymer self-assembled NIR ***,organic molecules-based NIR PLNPs and semiconductor self-assembled NIR PLNPs,for the first time,were introduced to the review of ***,the effects of different types of charge carriers on NIR PersL and luminescence decay of NIR PLNPs are significantly emphasized so as to build up an in-depth understanding of their luminescence *** includes the regulation of valence band and conduction band of different host materials,alteration of defect types,depth and concentration changes caused by ion doping,effective radiation transitions and energy transfer generated by different luminescence *** the design and potential of NIR PLNPs as long-lived luminescent materials,the current challenges and future perspective in this rapidly growing field are also discussed.

摘要：饰牌作为匈奴人随身佩戴的重要器物,除了其实用功能外,匈奴人还赋予了它们重要的象征意义。匈奴饰牌艺术在发展过程中既保持游牧文化的典型特色,又不可避免地受汉地青铜艺术影响,在风格上互相撷取,显示出其兼收并蓄的宏大之力,使其文化在包容中得以传承。