摘要：Two types of Mg-Cu composition system graded density impactors used for complex loading （shock loading and quasi-isentropic compression） are designed by the elastic-plastic hydrodynamic method in this paper. Mixtures of metal powders in the Mg-Cu system are cast into a series of 17 and 25 uniform compositions ranging from 100% Mg to 100% Cu. The graded den- sity impactors are launched to the stationary 10 Ixm aluminum film and 12 mm LiF window targets by a two-stage light-gas gun in the National Key Laboratory for Shock Wave and Detonation Physics Research, Institute of Fluid Physics, CAEP, and the resulting wave profiles are measured with the DISAR system. Hydrodynamic simulation results are perfectly consistent with the experiments. Our work in this paper will set up a foundation for further research of controllable loading/releasing routes and rate experiments in the future.

摘要：对摩托车单缸发动机、双缸发动机及四缸发动机冷却水套内冷却液循环流动过程进行了分析,研究了水套内冷却液流速及水套壁面换热系数分布,基于冷却液循环流动路径分析进行了冷却水套结构优化。结果表明:单缸发动机排气侧及鼻梁区冷却液流速较低,鼻梁区存在零流速区域;双缸发动机两缸冷却液流速分布不均匀,两缸间衔接处中间区域冷却液流速较低;四缸发动机各缸也存在冷却液流速不均匀的问题。通过冷却液循环流动路径分析明确了各缸垫上水孔冷却液的流动方向及其作用,结合高温区域需重点冷却的设计准则对3种类型发动机冷却水套的缸垫上水孔布局、水套局部流通面积进行了优化,优化后3种类型发动机冷却水套排气侧及鼻梁区等高温区域的冷却液流速都达到流速不低于1.5 m/s的要求,各缸冷却液流速差异减小。经发动机热平衡验证,3种类型发动机冷却水套结构优化都可有效降低缸头火花塞垫片温度及减小各缸火花塞垫片温度的差异,验证了水套结构优化方案的有效性。

摘要：Electrochemical CO_(2)reduction to value-added fuels and chemicals is recognized as a promising strategy to alleviate energy shortages and global warming owing to its high efficiency and economic ***,understanding the activity origin,selectivity regulation,and reaction mechanisms of CO_(2)reduction reactions(CO_(2)RRs)has become the focus of efficient electrocatalyst ***(POMs),a unique class of nanosized metal-oxo clusters,are promising candidates for the development of efficient CO_(2)RR electrocatalysts and,owing to their well-defined structure,remarkable electron/proton storage and transfer ability,and capacities for adsorption and activation of CO_(2),are ideal models for investigating the activity origin and reaction mechanisms of CO_(2)RR *** this review,we focus on the activity origin and mechanism of CO_(2)RRs and survey recent advances that were achieved by employing POMs in electrocatalytic CO_(2)*** highlight the significant roles of POMs in the electrocatalytic CO_(2)RR process and the main factors influencing selectivity regulation and catalytic CO_(2)RR performance,including the electrolyte,electron-transfer process,and surface ***,we offer a perspective of the advantages and future challenges of POM-based materials in electrocatalytic CO_(2)reduction that could inform new advancements in this promising research field.

摘要：Diesel engines meeting the latest emission regulations must be equipped with exhaust gas aftertreatment system,including diesel oxidation catalysts(DOC),diesel particulate filters(DPF),and selective catalytic reduction(SCR).However,before the final integration of the aftertreatment system(DOC+DPF+SCR)and the diesel engine,a reasonable structural optimization of the catalytic converters and a large number of bench calibration tests must be completed,involving large costs and long development *** design and optimization of the exhaust gas aftertreatment system for a heavy-duty diesel engine was proposed in this ***,one-dimensional(1D)and threedimensional(3D)computational models of the exhaust gas aftertreatment system accounting for the structural parameters of the catalytic converters were *** based on the calibrated models,the effects of the converter’s structural parameters on their main performance indicators,including the conversion of various exhaust pollutants and the temperatures and pressure drops of the converters,were ***,the optimal design scheme was *** temperature distribution of the solid substrates and pressure distributions of the catalytic converters were studied based on the 3D *** method proposed in this paper has guiding significance for the optimization of diesel engine aftertreatment systems.

摘要：基于相对剥夺理论,探讨了领导底线心智对员工创意领地行为的影响机制和边界条件。采用多元回归和Bootstrap法,对172名员工的两阶段数据进行统计分析,研究结果证实:领导底线心智显著正向影响员工创意领地行为,其中,相对剥夺感在领导底线心智与员工创意领地行为之间发挥中介作用。此外,员工地位竞争动机不仅显著负向调节领导底线心智与相对剥夺感之间的关系,而且显著负向调节领导底线心智通过相对剥夺感影响创意领地行为的间接作用。研究结果解释了为什么员工拥有好创意却不愿分享以及何种类型的员工能更好地适应领导底线心智,拓展了领导底线心智的作用机制和边界条件。

摘要：抗菌药是治疗细菌感染的关键药物,也是现代医学中至关重要的基础药物之一。但当前现有抗菌药物耐药性日益严重以及新抗菌药物发现渠道不足的问题已受到关注并亟需解决。抗菌药透过细菌的外膜屏障且在作用靶点位置蓄积至有效浓度才能发挥抗菌作用。因此,测定细菌内抗菌药物的含量,有助于建立药物在细菌内蓄积特性与其结构之间的关系,为新型抗菌药物设计提供指导。目前,已有多种检测方法被开发用于细菌内抗菌药物浓度测定。笔者首先简要介绍了革兰阳性菌和革兰阴性菌细胞膜的结构差异,再从早期的放射性测定法、荧光测定法及基于质谱开发的新型方法(包括液相色谱串联质谱检测法、固相萃取-质谱测定法、纳米流体-质谱联用技术、飞行时间二次离子质谱和生物探针与质谱的联合应用)入手,介绍各检测方法及当前的应用,并总结概述了上述方法的优缺点,对其今后的发展进行了展望,以期为后续细菌内抗菌药物积累测定方法的应用提供建议,为设计和发现新的抗菌药物尤其是抗革兰阴性菌新药提供参考。

摘要：文章从产品产业化过程的角度出发对创意产业企业不确定性进行了分析,归纳出创意产业企业的不确定性来源。鉴于不确定性的复杂性和创意产业的实物期权特征,以及对企业价值评估模型的讨论,改进了Schwartz-Moon期权模型,对创意产业企业价值进行评估。从连续时间和离散时间两种情况出发,构建了创意产业企业预期收入与企业现金流模型,在此基础上,讨论了可变成本、产权收入和公司产品的价值损失三个变量与创意产业的企业价值的关系,并在考虑税率的情况下构建企业税后净收入模型以全面考察创意产业企业价值。

摘要：A new method to the problem of fairing planar cubic B-spline curves is introduced in this paper. The method is based on weighted progressive iterative approximation （WPIA for short） and consists of following steps： finding the bad point which needs to fair, deleting the bad point, re-inserting a new data point to keep the structm-e of the curve and applying WPIA method with the new set of the data points to obtain the faired curve. The new set of the data points is formed by the rest of the original data points and the new inserted point. The method can be used for shape design and data processing. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method.

摘要：目的:提升消费者认知度及信任度,引导消费者健康选择行为,构建基于交互可供性模型的预包装食品标签设计框架。方法:基于交互可供性双层结果模型及知信行实证,分析如何通过可供性帮助设计预包装食品营养标签以实现信息有效传达,提升标签的价值引导作用。结果:提出了增强消费者与食品营养标签的无意识交互意图影响、多途径提高消费者与食品营养标签的信息认知程度、构建消费者与食品营养标签的无意识公众观念机制,以及构建消费者价值认知交互模式4个方面的交互可供性设计策略。结论:交互可供性有助于探讨消费者与预包装食品营养标签相互依赖的实质下,提高预包装食品营养标签的实践价值,达到辅助引导消费者健康饮食的预期。

摘要：本文提出要面向区域经济发展对人才的需求,从工科院校背景下的工业设计专业课程建设的整体思路重新审视和构架教材,编撰适应该层面人才培养需求的课程教材,使教材真正成为专业学生需要的"学本",而不仅仅是"教本"。