摘要：It is widely recognized that each culture has a specific effect on the economic development. Based on Chinese culture which can be characterized as lack of afterlife, the pattern of Chinese economic development has distinctive features relative to the economy of the Western world, even to that of Japan and Korea. This paper argues that culture influences economic development through two paths： One is that some cultural factors, as certain institutions, have effects on cost, especially transaction costs. Another point is that culture forms people＇s preferences and influences people＇s choices. With the influences of Chinese culture, Chinese have a weak sense for legal obedience and strong inclination for ＂free riding＂, this would increase social transaction costs. The family centered tradition of Chinese society results in Chinese features such as being good at individual struggles but poor at cooperation, the alienation between civil society and government, a strong sense for competition and a weak sense for legal obedience, seeing material wealth as important and neglecting scientific innovation. Traditional Chinese culture also has effects on the developmental pattern of Chinese enterprises

摘要：Non-ionic deep eutectic solvents(DESs)are non-ionic designer solvents with various applications in catalysis,extraction,carbon capture,and ***,discovering new DES candidates is challenging due to a lack of efficient tools that accurately predict DES *** search for DES relies heavily on intuition or trial-and-error processes,leading to low success rates or missed *** that hydrogen bonds(HBs)play a central role in DES formation,we aim to identify HB features that distinguish DES from non-DES systems and use them to develop machine learning(ML)models to discover new DES *** first analyze the HB properties of 38 known DES and 111 known non-DES systems using their molecular dynamics(MD)simulation *** analysis reveals that DES systems have two unique features compared to non-DES systems:The DESs have①more imbalance between the numbers of the two intra-component HBs and②more and stronger inter-component *** on these results,we develop 30 ML models using ten algorithms and three types of HB-based *** model performance is first benchmarked using the average and minimal receiver operating characteristic(ROC)-area under the curve(AUC)*** also analyze the importance of individual features in the models,and the results are consistent with the simulation-based statistical ***,we validate the models using the experimental data of 34 *** extra trees forest model outperforms the other models in the validation,with an ROC-AUC of *** work illustrates the importance of HBs in DES formation and shows the potential of ML in discovering new DESs.

摘要：To accelerate the development and design of magnesium(Mg)alloys,the structural and mechanical properties of important precipitates in Mg−Zn alloys were studied by experiments and density functional *** nano-indentation tests revealed that the hardness of the precipitates initially increased and then decreased with increasing Zn content,and was significantly higher than that of pure Mg and *** calculation results revealed that the precipitates stability initially increased and then decreased with increasing Zn *** bulk moduli of the precipitates increased,whereas their shear and Young’s moduli initially increased and then decreased with increasing Zn *** decreasing order of ductility for these compounds is MgZn_(2)>Mg21Zn_(2)5>Mg2Zn11>*** surface profiles of the compounds revealed that they are obvious *** the degree of covalency and bond length of covalent bonds initially increased and then decreased with increasing Zn content.

摘要：为了优化折板絮凝器结构以及提升折板絮凝器对薄荷水提液的絮凝效果,在普通异波折板絮凝器的基础上设计了一种异波扰流折板絮凝器。利用FLUENT对异波扰流折板絮凝器的内部流场进行模拟,分析异波扰流折板絮凝器流场内的涡旋分布,并以壳聚糖为絮凝剂,使用异波扰流折板絮凝器对薄荷水提液进行絮凝处理,以澄清层高度、絮体沉降速度、药液吸光度及絮体分形维数为指标,考察异波扰流折板絮凝器在不同进液流速下对薄荷水提液的絮凝效果。结果表明:异波扰流折板絮凝器产生的涡旋主要分布在扰流体后方以及折板两侧。随着进液流速的增加,异波扰流折板絮凝器对薄荷水提液的絮凝效果逐渐变差,当进液流速为0.041 m/s时,絮凝效果最好,絮体密实度最高。设计一种用于中药液除杂的新型折板絮凝器,为进一步优化折板絮凝器结构以及促进中药精制提供理论依据。

摘要：介绍了一种燃油燃气车载熔盐加热炉的结构及特点。针对熔盐加热炉频繁转场的要求,熔盐加热炉系统实现车载布置,炉体采用首创的卧式结构;同时,炉体抗震能力强,适应野外颠簸的路况。在熔盐加热炉炉体设计中,首次采用螺旋翅片管作为对流换热管,减小了炉体体积。

摘要：钢轨表面及上表面产生的滚动接触疲劳裂纹通常以斜裂纹或多角度复杂裂纹的形态存在,对其检测和评估是个难题。基于此,采用基于无线能量传输的涡流检测方法(WPT-ECT),设计新的探头结构并结合神经网络算法对裂纹进行检测和评估。首先,有别于现有WPT-ECT方法,采用增大激励频率,而非串并联电容的方式,构造谐振电路;其次,根据复杂裂纹的特点,设计由两个八字形激励线圈和两个矩形接收线圈组成的方向性探头结构;最后,充分提取检测信号的特征,并运用径向基神经网络算法对裂纹进行识别。仿真和实验结果表明,所提出的探头结构对任何角度的缺陷均敏感。同时,RBF算法对斜裂纹、T裂纹、Y裂纹和1.2 mm提离下的T裂纹的识别准确率分别为92.00%、95.27%、96.64%和89.50%。

摘要：因严重遮挡和剧烈形变等挑战长期共存,精准鲁棒的视频分割已成为计算机视觉的热点之一.构建联合吸收马尔可夫链和骨架映射的视频分割方法,经由“预分割—后优化—再提升”逐步递进地生成精准目标轮廓.在预分割阶段,基于孪生网络和区域生成网络获取目标感兴趣区域,建立这些区域内超像素的吸收马尔可夫链,计算出超像素的前景/背景标签.吸收马尔可夫链可灵活有效地感知和传播目标特征,能从复杂场景初步预分割出目标物体.后优化阶段,设计短期时空线索模型和长期时空线索模型,以获取目标的短期变化规律和长期稳定特征,进而优化超像素标签,降低相似物体和噪声带来的误差.在再提升阶段,为减少优化结果的边缘毛刺和不连贯,基于超像素标签和位置,提出前景骨架和背景骨架的自动生成算法,并构建基于编解码的骨架映射网络,以学习出像素级目标轮廓,最终得到精准视频分割结果.标准数据集的大量实验表明:所提方法优于现有主流视频分割方法,能够产生具有更高区域相似度和轮廓精准度的分割结果.

摘要：针对车路协同应用场景中目标尺度与位置值域跨度大导致的位姿实时估计精度低、回归求解模型收敛慢的问题,提出了一种基于多分支架构的目标三维位姿实时估计方法。在目标二维检测算法模型架构基础上,设计位姿估计分支结构,用于输出目标姿态四元数、目标相对相机的三维空间位置及目标长宽高。在训练阶段,为位姿估计分支设计了相应的损失函数,采用向量单位化算子回归姿态四元数、对数重映射算法回归目标尺寸与目标到相机距离;在推理阶段,根据模型输出的四元数和目标到相机距离解算出目标三维位姿,实现精确的位姿估计。在OVRC数据集的位姿精度验证中,位置坐标误差的均方差最大为1.94 m,姿态角误差的均方差最大为3.98°;在Kitti数据集的相对精度测试实验中,相比PVNet方法,检测精度提升了3.22%,相比3DBB方法,推理效率提升一倍。

摘要：针对集电力监控系统、车站设备监控系统和防灾报警监控系统于一体构成的综合监控系统,描述了其系统构成、管理模式、硬件配置及软件功能,介绍了综合监控系统在上海轨道交通明珠线的实际应用。

摘要：在诸如第三系半成岩地层等富水软弱均质地层的隧道建设中,常采用水平高压旋喷桩进行洞内超前预加固,但水平旋喷桩往往因自身抗拉强度低在承受较大荷载时容易发生断裂破坏。依托云南临沧至清水河高速公路王家寨隧道工程,提出了一种在桩体内插入小直径钢管的水平高压旋喷复合结构。通过力学理论分析、数值模拟与现场监测,对比分析了水平高压旋喷桩素桩与复合结构的力学机制与对围岩加固作用,并对钢管布置形式及直径进行优化设计。研究表明:在300 kPa水压下,复合结构相比素桩的挠度值降低了34.8%,最大拉应力降低了37.5%,受力模式明显改善,承受的极限水压力荷载大幅提升至700 kPa,对围岩拱顶沉降、应力也有一定削减作用;增加拱顶钢管布置密度可有效降低桩体拉应力,而减少钢管直径则会导致钢管拉应力增大;建议实际工程中拱顶间隔1根桩体布置108 mm钢管,拱肩间隔2~3根布置89 mm钢管,边墙可不设钢管。