摘要：消费社会使物的符号编码成为必然,能否使大众接受符号编码是编码成功与否的关键一环。广告、媒介的单向度、超负荷信息传播造就了无意识的沉默大众,正是这种无意识、沉默和麻木使大众被动接受了物的符号编码。大众一旦接受了物的符号编码,物的系统就变成了一个胁迫大众消费的符号系统、社会压力系统。在这种系统中,人们成为被符号牵引的消费的奴隶,为消费而消费,社会成了一个符号异化的社会。

摘要：为了解决动态企业联盟的产品工艺分工自动规划问题,针对其制造资源配置的特点,提出了一种先设计逻辑工艺路线,通过逻辑制造单元-物理制造单元映射生成可执行工艺路线,再经过资源评估和优化配置生成工艺分工路线的新方法。在这3个主要过程中,逻辑工艺路线设计是影响工艺分工自动规划的关键,为此,采用了基于知识的方法实现智能化决策,避免了在工艺路线设计时必须考虑数量庞大的复杂资源配置这一难题,简化了工艺分工规划过程,容易实现自动化。

摘要：自1997年起,北大景观研究团队对中国传统生态智慧及其复兴开展了一系列研究。本文首先梳理了这些研究的背景和发展历程:早期的研究主要关注"风水"和乡土景观,源于在规划设计实践中理解和回应地方自然与人文过程;2006年,俞孔坚提出景观设计学是一门"生存的艺术"的学科定位,推进了对传统"生存的艺术"的研究及其复兴,旨在为当代景观设计学寻找历史根基,并将研究成果用于解决当代生态环境问题;2014年,"生存的艺术"的研究被进一步推进到对中国传统景观"深邃之形"的探索,即从形式语言与微观和场地尺度的设计策略等角度深入研究传统景观,从中提炼出可用于当代景观设计的语言。在此基础上,本文回顾总结了北大景观在过去20年间取得的主要研究成果,包括传统农业景观、乡土聚落、传统水适应性景观三个方面。

摘要：以工商人类学为导向,将市场和消费行为作为研究领域,着重选取广告象征符号进行深入分析。对广告象征符号的学术研究方向,一方面着眼于研究其功能结构与表达特点,另一方面则研究广告象征符号在商业案例的运用状况。广告象征符号研究过程分为:广告象征符号的提出语境、广告象征符号的功能结构和表达特点,以及广告象征符号的工商民族志。对工商民族志的分析表明,广告象征符号理论架构可在工商人类学理论范畴内加以运用和发展,并对商业广告行为产生指导作用。

摘要：将压电薄膜粘贴于方形薄板表面即构成实用的振动能量收集器件,本文研究此类器件在受到宽带随机点激励作用时以平均输出功率最大为目标的优化设计问题,具体包括压电片布置位置和尺寸要求、最优负载电阻等.首先,导出机电耦合系统关于位移和输出电压的随机偏微分-积分方程组,通过模态分析技术消去空间项得到关于主坐标和电压的无限维随机常微分方程组.进而,由线性随机振动理论建立平均输出功率的解析表达,优化问题据此展开.研究表明:宽带激励作用时,压电片最优中心位置处于激励点及与之相应的3个对称点;在最优布置条件下,平均输出功率随压电片尺寸增加近于单调增加,而增速渐缓,据此可定义最优尺寸;在最优布置条件下,平均输出功率随外接电阻的变化有极值出现,可由此断定最优负载电阻.上述研究揭示了对称最优布置位置的存在性及输出功率对布置位置的敏感性,对平板型随机振动能量收集器件的优化设计有一定的指导意义.

摘要：本文基于一物多用的设计理念,探索多功能博物馆文创产品设计路径,改善博物馆文创产品过于追求文化特色而忽略实用性的问题。并将功能整合一物多用的设计理念引入文创产品设计,通过分析物理功能与文化内涵相结合的不同实现形式,得出多功能博物馆文创产品设计方向并进行设计实践与模型推演。进一步证明了基于一物多用设计理念的多功能文创产品设计可行性,以及具有良好功能使用性又兼具文化特色属性的多功能文创产品可作为博物馆衍生产品新的发展方向。

摘要：目的观察蒲地蓝消炎口服液治疗湿热蕴结证中度寻常痤疮的有效性和安全性。方法采取多中心随机双盲对照研究设计,选取5家中心,筛选240例湿热蕴结证中度寻常痤疮受试者,随机分为试验组和对照组,每组各120例;试验组给予蒲地蓝消炎口服液,对照组给予蒲地蓝消炎口服液模拟剂;两组均联合外用克林霉素磷酸酯凝胶,每天2次,洁面后涂于患处。治疗4周,比较两组治疗前后皮损(丘疹、脓疱、粉刺)数量以及中医证候(面红、皮疹痒痛、舌苔厚腻、尿黄、便秘)积分变化,记录不良反应。结果229例受试者完成试验,其中试验组117例、对照组112例。与基线相比,用药4周的两组患者的丘疹计数、脓疱计数显著减少,试验组粉刺计数和中医证候积分显著减少,且试验组均优于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组痤疮皮损改善有效率为87.2%,高于对照组的58.0%(P<0.05)。试验组仅1例患者出现外用药膏刺激性反应。结论蒲地蓝消炎口服液可有效改善湿热蕴结证中度寻常痤疮患者皮损数量及中医证候,值得临床推广应用。

摘要：In-situ transmission electron microscopy(TEM)has been demonstrated to be a powerful method in resolving challenging problems such as interactions among various *** take advantage of the atomic resolution of advanced TEMs,a compact five-degree-of-freedom nanomanipulator was integrated with an indenter that was made of nanotwinned diamonds,for both the in-situ mechanical testing and double tilting of TEM *** a demonstration,in-situ bending tests were performed on the?111?,?110?and?100?single-crystal diamond *** tests revealed the{111}cleavage to be the dominant failure *** in-situ indentation on a diamond nanoplate led to curved cracks consisting of nanometer-scale steps,which were identified to be atomic flat{111}*** atomic-scale observation of the deformation and failure of diamonds demonstrated the stability of the entire system and the durability of the *** expect that more delicate research can be carried out by means of this holder in the near future,including in-situ stimulation,atomic characterization,and tomography.

摘要：The purpose was to clarify the relationship between the main process parameters of micro-plasma cladding and the comprehensive quality(geometry,microstructure and wear rate of cladding track).Self-fluxing ferrous alloy powders were fabricated on Q235 *** on the uniform design,the distribution of the experimental samples was designed reasonably in the sample space,which greatly improved efficiency and reduced *** a series of microstructural characterization,there was no difference in the phase composition of all samples,but the average grain size had a significant difference,which resulted in the change of wear *** the relationship among micro-hardness,average grain size and wear rate of the track had also been ***,an optimization model was established and the optimal process parameters were obtained with excellent wear rate under the geometric *** correctness of optimization model was verified by experiments.

摘要：Ti^（3＋） self-doped anatase three-dimensional（3D） TiO_2 hollow nanoboxes were synthesized via a topological transformation process involving template participation by a facile one-pot hydrothermal treatment with an ethanol solution of zinc powder and TiOF_2. It is worth noting that the 3D TiO_2 hollow nanoboxes are assembled from six single-crystal nanosheets and have dominant exposure of the {001} facets. It is found from EPR spectra that adding zinc powder is an environment-friendly and effective strategy to introduce Ti^（3＋） and oxygen vacancy（Ov） into the bulk of 3D hollow nanoboxes rather than the surface, which is responsible for their enhanced visible photocatalytic *** photocatalytic activity was evaluated by measuring the formation rate of hydroxide free radicals using 7-hydroxycoumarin as a probe. The sample prepared with zinc/TiOF_2 mass ratio of0.25 exhibited the highest RhB photodegradation activity under visible-light irradiation with a degradation rate of 96%, which is 4.0-times higher than that of pure TiO_2. The results suggest a novel approach to construct in-situ 3D hierarchical TiO_2 hollow nanoboxes doped with Ti^（3＋） and Ov without introducing any impurity elements for superior visible-light photocatalytic activity.