摘要：Radon is a polluting and radioactive gas released by rock fracture. Shear fracture is widely developed in surrounding rock mass of deep engineering. Nevertheless, the correlation between radon release and the shear fracture is undefined. In this study, the intact Jinping marble and Baihetan basalt were adopted as samples. Based on radionuclide content analysis, the intrinsic characteristics of radon emission were analyzed. Then a direct shear testing system was designed to synchronously measure radon release during rock fracture. The direct shear tests were carried out under different normal stresses. The relationship between shear fracture process and cumulative radon concentration was explored. The results indicated that radon release varied with the increase of shear displacement under the same normal stress. The general pattern showed a slight increase and fell in the initial loading phase, then increased rapidly to the peak release approximately corresponding to the peak of shear stress, and finally decreased to a stable level with the development of shear displacement after sample failure. The initial and peak radon concentrations increased linearly with the increase of normal stress. The same trend was found in shear failure surface area and cumulative radon concentration according to the rise angle(RA) value-average frequency(AF) distribution.

摘要：本文论述了微波激励变频模块集成测试系统,并从系统设计要点、软硬件体系结构等方面详细阐述了系统的设计与实现方案。运行结果表明:该系统运行稳定,精度高。

摘要：居民家庭生活用能是能源消费的一个重要组成部分。随着居民生活水平的不断提高和城镇化的扩大,居民生活用能需求将不断攀升。推广高效节能家用电器是促进家庭节能的重要途径之一。然而,数据显示,具有合理回报率的节能新产品的扩散速度往往非常缓慢,这种现象被称为"能源效率缺口"。检验能源效率缺口的最常用方法是估算消费者在选择节能产品时的隐含贴现率。本文以热水器为研究对象,通过在南京市开展基于陈述选择实验的问卷调研,搜集了消费者关于不同类型热水器选择的陈述偏好数据,在此基础上构建了离散选择模型,对消费者选择热水器的隐含贴现率进行了估计。研究发现:1消费者在电热水器、燃气热水器、太阳能热水器和空气能热水器之间进行选择时,平均隐含贴现率为30%,远高于其资金的机会成本,说明存在能源效率缺口。2在其他因素相同的情况下,被访者受教育程度越高,隐含贴现率越低,小学学历的被访者隐含贴现率为51%,而大学本科/大专学历的被访者隐含贴现率为22%。3在其他因素不变的情况下,被访者家庭收入越高,隐含贴现率越低,家庭年收入在15万元以下的被访者隐含贴现率超过30%,而家庭年收入超过30万元的被访者隐含贴现率仅为5%。4信息不完全可以导致能源效率缺口,在平均收入和平均教育水平的情况下,没有看过空气能热水器广告的被访者的隐含贴现率为42%,而看过空气能热水器广告的被访者隐含贴现率仅为16%。

摘要：Active fault creep slip induces deformation of rock mass buried deeply in fault zones that significantly affect the operational safety of long linear projects passing through *** distribution patterns of rock masses in active fault zones which have been investigated previously are the key design basis for such ***,a discrete element numerical model with different fault types,slip time,dip angles,and complex geological features was established,and then the creep slip for normal,reverse,and strike-slip faults were simulated to analyze the displacement distribution in the fault rock mass.A disk rotation test system and the corresponding laboratory test method were developed for simulating rock mass displacement induced by creep slippage of faults.A series of rotation tests for softand hard-layered specimens under combined compression and torsional stress were conducted to verify the numerical results and analyze the factors influencing the displacement *** S-shaped displacement distribution independent of fault dip angle was identified corresponding to reverse,normal,and strike-slip *** results indicated that the higher the degree of horizontal extrusion,the softer the rock mass at the fault core,and the higher the degree of displacement concentration in the fault core;about 70%of the creep slip displacement occurs within this zone under 100 years of creep slippage.

摘要：民间美术是人们在长期的生产生活中,为满足生存及装点生活需求而创作的民俗艺术,也是中国传统美术的重要源头。通过分析民间美术色彩的特征与文化内涵,结合现代海报设计的色彩应用特点,探寻民间色彩在现代设计中的创新应用路径,增添现代平面设计中传统色彩的审美趣味。民间传统色彩在历史演化中与现代海报设计重新碰撞融合,为平面设计注入了新的活力,同时对于深挖我国传统审美意识、树立民族文化自信具有深远意义。

摘要：针对我国城市水资源紧缺、城市园林绿地灌溉用水量逐年增加、城市生态环境用水供需矛盾突出的现实,提出园林绿地景观建设的生态化设计与节水,同时以西安城市为例,研究了绿地生态设计与节水的具体方法与措施,从而完善城市绿地节水性景观设计。

摘要：针对并联机构内部耦合性带来运动学和动力学分析困难的问题,基于GF集理论提出一种简单而有效的三移动两转动(3T2R)完全解耦构型综合方法。首先,阐述GF集并联机器人构型理论;其次,根据GF集的求和运算和转动轴线迁移定理,给出了机构输入运动副选择原则以及解耦支链设计准则;按照完全解耦并联机构设计步骤,列举出了3T2R并联机构各解耦分支运动链,综合出了含有单、双驱动支链的3T2R五自由度完全解耦并联机构,得到了大量新构型;通过所综合出的一种新型并联机构,运用约束螺旋法对机构的自由度数目和运动特性进行分析,根据机构输入与输出参数间关系式,求解得到机构雅可比矩阵,验证了机构的解耦特性,进一步证明了该构型方法的有效性。研究对解耦并联机构的构型设计具有理论指导意义。

摘要：为研究双相型S22053不锈钢角焊缝连接的承载性能,对不锈钢母材和焊缝金属圆棒试样进行材性试验,分别获得了母材和焊缝金属材料的本构关系;对不锈钢正面和侧面角焊缝连接试件进行拉伸试验,测得试件极限承载力和焊缝变形发展情况;利用ANSYS有限元软件对不锈钢角焊缝连接试件单向拉伸试验进行了非线性有限元模拟,并将试验结果与模拟结果进行了对比。对比结果表明,考虑不锈钢母材和焊缝金属本构关系差异并使用材料真实应力-应变曲线的有限元模型能有效模拟角焊缝连接承载性能拉伸试验。最后,利用经试验验证的有限元模型对角焊缝承载力影响因素进行了参数分析,并将有限元模拟值与按照美国规范SEI/ASCE 8-02、欧洲规范EN1993-1-4,以及中国不锈钢结构技术规程CECS 410:2015计算求得的规范设计值进行了对比,得出了承载力模拟值与各国规范设计值的比值,可为不锈钢设计规范的完善和工程应用提供参考。

摘要：为改进微动平台的动态特性,提出了一种解耦的基于柔性铰链的二自由度微动平台。首先,综合考虑倒圆角直梁型柔性铰链与微动平台的结构特点,设计了一种新型的二自由度微动平台;其次,推导了该微动平台的等效刚度计算模型,并通过理论计算与有限元仿真分析对比,验证了理论模型的正确性;同时探讨了各结构参数对微动平台等效刚度的影响,并进行了灵敏度对比和分析;再次,以提高二自由度微动平台的等效刚度为目标,建立了其优化设计模型,并采用自适应粒子群优化算法对该微动平台的主要结构参数进行了优化。最后,理论计算了该微动平台的固有频率,并通过有限元仿真分析验证了其正确性。上述分析证明了该机构的可行性及有效性。

摘要：噪声是影响星载激光测高仪测距误差的重要因素。根据星载激光测高仪接收脉冲回波和噪声的分布特点,推导出接收脉冲回波信号时间重心的方差的理论表达形式,建立了噪声对激光测距误差的影响模型。基于激光测距误差最小化的原则,提出了一种星载激光测高仪低通滤波器的优化设计方法。以Geosicence Laser Altimeter System（GLAS）激光测高仪基本测量参数为输入条件,仿真分析了激光测距误差和低通滤波器均方根脉宽的优化结果的分布规律。对于倾斜度为0°～40°且粗糙度为0～15 m范围内的目标而言,噪声所导致的激光测距误差范围为0.28～32.49 cm,相应地,低通滤波器均方根脉宽优化值的范围为1.4～57.4 ns。针对倾斜度在1°范围内的目标,解算得到GLAS星载激光测高仪低通滤波器均方根脉宽为2.2 ns,这与其实际公布的2 ns很接近。同时,低通滤波器的优化结果所对应的激光测距误差发生大幅减小,其最大值减小至10.93 cm,减小幅度接近3倍。结果表明,噪声是影响星载激光测高仪测距误差的重要因素,合理设计低通滤波器的参数可以消除其部分影响,这对于星载激光测高仪的硬件设计和性能评估具有一定实际应用价值。