摘要：Metal-N_(4)(M-N_(4))macrocyclic complexes are interesting electrocatalysts due to their well-defined structures and rich molecular *** them,metal phthalocyanines have been widely studied for the carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)in heterogeneous systems and demonstrated good electrocatalytic ***,other complexes like metal corroles and metal porphyrins are much less explored,and often show inferior *** this study,three cobalt macrocyclic complexes,cobalt phthalocyanine,cobalt meso-tetraphenylporphyrin,and cobalt meso-triphenylcorrole(CoPc,CoTPP and CoTPC)are investigated in heterogeneous electrocatalysis of CO_(2)*** CoPc/carbon nanotube(CNT)hybrid exhibits high electrocatalytic activity,CNT hybridization does not work for CoTPC and CoTPP that hold weak interactions with *** the drop-dry method with a high molecular loading of 5.4×10^(–7) mol cm^(–2),CoTPC and CoTPP could deliver appreciable electrode ***(4-vinylpyridine)(PVP)introduction is further demonstrated as a facile method to afford enhanced activities for CoTPP at low molecular loadings through enhancing molecule-substrate *** partial current density of carbon monoxide for CoTPP+CNT/PVP is around 8 times higher than the sample without PVP at–0.67 V versus reversible hydrogen *** work provides solutions to enhance the electrode activities of molecular electrocatalysts with weak substrate interactions in heterogeneous systems.

摘要：论述了楔式闸阀导向结构的设计原理及控制要素,针对GB/T 12234-2019及API 600-14^(th)中对导向结构的不同要求进行了横向对比,并进行了分析和解读。从设计角度提出阀体导向筋和闸板导向槽的设计要点,结合国内外标准以及当下铸造、加工工艺,从保障阀门导向结构安全运行角度提出设计参考参数。同时提醒管道设计和阀门使用单位应考虑楔式闸阀最优安装方向,以及影响导向结构设计的主要工况参数。

摘要：黄河下游冲积平原区是我国重要的粮食生产基地和工业集聚地,该地区土壤水力学参数的获取,对于保障用水安全和指导农业生产具有重要意义。为建立黄河下游冲积平原区的土壤水分特征曲线传递函数(PTFs),以河南省兰考县闫楼乡作为黄河下游冲积平原试验区,基于多元非线性逐步回归和单因素扰动方法,建立了包气带土壤水分特征曲线的PTFs,并分析了影响因素敏感性。研究结果显示,实测土壤水分特征曲线以及土壤理化性质参数呈现较强变异性,所建立的PTFs精度良好,具备应用推广价值。多元回归结果表明,土壤颗粒组成是本文PTFs的主要影响因素,其中黏粒含量对PTFs最为敏感,砂粒含量次之,粉粒含量最弱。在其余5个土壤理化特性中,对PTFs的相对敏感的因素是pH值和分形维数。研究表明,土壤物理化学性质与土壤水分特征曲线模型参数的关系复杂,并非一般线性或单调关系。尽管土壤物理化学性质参数可以提高PTFs精度,但土壤颗粒组成是影响土壤水分运动的根本原因,其作为构建PTFs的关键因素不可忽略。在实际应用中,PTFs使用者可根据所掌握数据的实际情况,结合影响因素敏感性,决定影响因素的取舍。

摘要：CSCL作为培养高阶思维发展的一种新型学习方式,已经历了30年的颠簸历程,但因跨学科的特征致使其发展与探索呈现复杂性。随着以ChatGPT为代表的生成式AI迅速渗透各行各业,为CSCL的创新发展带来了曙光。为此,文章首先进行了ChatGPT的基本概述,并从内容生成、语境理解、语言转译及场景复刻刻画了其应用优势。然后,文章基于对CSCL手册的分析与思考,融合ChatGPT的特征与能力,从影响CSCL发展的外延与核心两个层面,依据复刻境脉、助力变革、面向多元、支持学习、辅助教学、解密黑箱六个维度,构建了ChatGPT赋能CSCL发展的未来图景。最后,文章提出了基于ChatGPT的CSCL生态创新发展的突围路径,以期为CSCL的创新发展与教育领域内ChatGPT的理论探索与实践应用提供参考。

摘要：In response to the challenge of low detection accuracy and susceptibility to missed and false detections of small targets in unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)aerial images,an improved UAV image target detection algorithm based on YOLOv8 was proposed in this *** begin with,the CoordAtt attention mechanism was employed to enhance the feature extraction capability of the backbone network,thereby reducing interference from ***,the BiFPN feature fusion network with an added small object detection layer was used to enhance the model's ability to perceive for small ***,a multi-level fusion module was designed and proposed to effectively integrate shallow and deep *** use of an enhanced MPDIoU loss function further improved detection *** experimental results based on the publicly available VisDrone2019 dataset showed that the improved model outperformed the YOLOv8 baseline model,mAP@0.5 improved by 20%,and the improved method improved the detection accuracy of the model for small targets.

摘要：研究新闻出版自由的历史,英国是最丰富、最完整的案例。到19世纪,随着君主立宪制度在英国的稳固,民主法治和言论出版自由得到确立,以至于英国已被马克思夫人燕妮赞誉为出版自由的"圣地"。但是历史拒绝遗忘。曾几何时,英国的专制统治者曾经设计出那么多有效的钳制言论和出版自由的花招和机制。经过包括清教徒在内的无数仁人志士的几百年努力,这些出版自由的拦路虎历经多年被逐一搬移。本文所探究的就是这种早期抗争中的一段出版专制和反专制的斗争史。

摘要：稻麦联合收割机作业过程产生粉尘,影响操作者身体健康,同时造成环境污染。为了解粉尘产生状况及成分特性,该研究进行了稻麦联合收割机作业粉尘检测试验。在此试验基础上,设计了一种负压吸尘、滤筒集尘的稻麦联合收割机机载式降尘系统。该系统利用现有稻麦联合收割机动力,可随时更改风机工作参数,以满足多种田间工作条件。通过理论分析确定影响降尘系统工作效率的主要因素为收割机速度、风机转速和环境湿度,试验指标为割台、尾部降尘系统效率,开展三因素三水平试验,构建各因素和试验指标之间的数学回归模型。拟合和优化分析所得试验结果,得到最优参数组合为:收割机速度3.73 km/h,风机转速3507 r/min,环境湿度56%,此时,割台降尘系统效率为76.8%,尾部降尘系统效率为79.6%,对最优工作参数进行试验验证,验证优化最佳参数组合可行性,降尘系统在较难工作条件下满足降尘要求的最低风机转速为3332 r/min。该研究可为收割机降尘系统的设计提供依据。

摘要：Repetitious simulation after modifying parameters of multi-domain physical system based on Modelica often appears in model experiment and optimization design. At present, the solvers based on Modelica need calculate all the coupled blocks during every simulation run after updating parameters. Based on discussing scale decomposition methods of simulation model, subdivision solving strategy and minimum solving strategy are put forward to improve the efficiency of repetitious simulation, by which the numerical solution of the simulation model can be achieved by only calculating the solving sequence influenced by altered parameters. A simplified model of aircraft is used to demonstrate the efficiency of the strategies presented.

摘要：利用柔爆索爆炸加载模拟脉冲X射线辐照产生的汽化反冲冲量进行结构响应实验研究,需要对柔爆索载荷的分布特征进行直接的实验测定。按照优化设计结果在圆柱壳体周围排布一定数量的柔爆索,测量柔爆索爆炸在圆柱壳体表面不同角度处产生的冲量。测量结果表明通过优化设计柔爆索间距及柔爆索与圆柱壳体之间的距离可得到沿圆柱壳体周向呈余弦分布的冲量载荷。

摘要：战争与新闻传播的关系研究近年来渐成传播学的焦点之一。然而大部分研究集中于当代战争中的媒体与各国政府和军界的关系,而对早期同类主题的研究相对薄弱。"30年战争"被有些史家称为人类第一场世界大战规模、持续时间远远长于20世纪两次世界大战,对欧洲的宗教、政治、军事和民族国家的出现影响巨大和深远,这场大灾难也孕育了荷兰、法国、英国、瑞典等欧洲重要国家最早的报纸。文章所探究的是一段几乎不入国内学者所撰新闻传播正史"法眼"、然而其重要性不容忽视的专门史;其关注的焦点是这些报纸在战争中的表现、尤其是它们的新闻呈现方式。