摘要：The synthesis of nanocrystals(NCs)with defined morphology and surface structure provides an effective way to investigate the structure-activity relationship of nanocatalytsts,and it will facilitate the design of nanocatalysts with excellent catalytic *** this paper,we developed a facile method to synthesize PdH0.43 NCs with the shape of cube,octahedron and rhombic dodecahedron(RD),whose surface facets are{100},{111}and{110},*** asprepared PdH0.43 NCs are highly stable and exhibit enhanced catalytic activity and extremely low overpotential towards electro-oxidation of formic acid compared with the commercial Pd black and three types of Pd *** specific activity of the cubic PdH0.43 NCs is more than five times that of the commercial Pd black and two times that of the cubic Pd *** the three types of PdH0.43 NCs with different surface structure,the activity order is followed by PdH0.43{100}>PdH0.43{111}>PdH0.43{110}.

摘要：纳米晶体很多重要的物理化学性质与其表面结构密切相关,纳米晶的表面结构调控及相关理论研究是前沿和热点领域.本评述总结了非平衡态过饱和条件下纳米晶体生长热力学相关理论及其在离子晶体、分子晶体、贵金属、氧化物、金属有机框架等5类纳米晶体表面结构控制中的应用.从热力学推导出的"类"Thomson-Gibbs方程可以发现,晶体裸露晶面的表面能与其生长过程生长基元的过饱和度成正比.该理论揭示了过饱和度在纳米晶体表面结构控制中的重要作用,为合理设计合成具有特定表面结构的纳米晶提供了有效指导.

摘要：阐述了多频管中电流法(PCM)的检测原理,利用英国雷迪公司的DM内外业一体化型管道防腐层检测仪,对辽河油田曙光采油厂内曙五联至首站、曙一联至曙五联和曙四联至首站三条集输管道进行了外防腐层检测,三条管道防腐层劣级和差级分别占全部防腐层的50.2%、51.8%和42.9%。对疑似漏点开挖验证与检测结果吻合。单纯将PCM检测方法用于油田地下管道的检测有一定的局限性,与其他检测手段结合更有利于提高检测结果的准确度。