摘要：In order to utilize water and hydropower resources in China,multitudes of water projects are established or to be constructed as an integral part of the national economy's *** these circumstances,there are two outstanding problems:1) a mass of existing dams are in danger and 2) in the southwest water-conservancy construction plan,dozens of existing or planned dams are high dams or even super high dams with heights between 200 and 300 *** accordance with demands of "the National Program for Medium-and Long-Term Scientific and Technological Development" on the innovation frontier in hydro-structure engineering science,various key problems in science and technology such like stress analysis,ultimate bearing capacity,nonlinearity *** high dams,super high dams and sick dams have been *** paper makes a commentary on the advances and results of the researches,then analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of current theoretics and methodologies,and finally presents corresponding research directions and the frontier of innovation.

摘要：The dam of Three Gorges Project is characterized by large flood discharge capacity,more outlets,complicated flood discharge and energy dissipation structure,and the stability of the bank powerhouse dam foundation is endangered by large gentle-dip structural plane of the bedrock due to the deep excavation of powerhouse at the *** the dam body concrete,the durability requirement is high and the temperature control and crack prevention are *** practical experience which could be used for reference in the design and construction of asphalt concrete core wall for Maopingxi protective earth-rock dam is *** power station operates with high water head and large head *** type selection of penstock and intake as well as the embedding way of spiral case are complicated in technique,and the tailrace tunnel with sloping ceiling of underground power plant is arranged instead of traditional tailrace surge *** the double-line five-step ship-lock,the design of fully lined ship-lock,high head delivery system and large-sized miter gates and hoists is very challenging due to high operation head,complicated delivery conditions and building in deep excavated *** preferred solutions,optimal schemes and technical measures for various structures,as well as the innovation achievements proved by practice are highlighted.

摘要：为了制定三峡水库正常水位运行期调度规程,从2008年开始,三峡水库进入设计水位175 m试验性蓄水运行,以积累经验和探索水库综合调度运行规律。在全面分析蓄水运行期间水库防洪调度运行方式及防洪效果的同时,对枢纽建筑物,水轮发电机组运行状况,库区水质、地质、泥沙淤积情况进行了监测分析。根据三峡工程3 a运行的实践,探讨了三峡水库汛期防洪调度方式、中小洪水相机调洪运用、汛末提前蓄水时机及分时段控制蓄水位、库水位消落以及对库区地质地震灾害与水质影响等问题,为三峡工程正常蓄水运行提供了重要的技术支撑。

摘要：针对三峡工程坝址洪水特性和近20年来长江上游径流呈减小趋势及入库泥沙明显减少的变化,分析了三峡工程初步设计的水库调度运行方式存在的问题。实施了汛期中小洪水滞洪调度和提前至汛末水库蓄水方式,对利用洪水资源存在的防洪风险和水库泥沙淤积增加等问题提出了对策措施;阐述了库尾减淤调度试验和汛期沙峰调度试验成果,探索了水库"蓄清排浑"运行的新型模式,为科学调度,合理利用洪水资源提供了技术支撑。

摘要：我国是世界上建设水库大坝最多的国家,水库大坝是防止水旱灾害,开发利用及保护水资源,发挥综合效益的重要工程措施。通过分析我国水库大坝建设情况、运行现状与安全存在的问题及部分溃坝失事原因,提出了保证水利水电工程设计可靠,技术先进,施工质量优良,运行中加强管理、精心维护、注重监测与检修,定期开展安全检查鉴定等对策措施,以及强化重要小型水库及低坝安全管理的建议。使水库大坝工程更好地服务于经济社会发展,造福人民。

摘要：三峡工程是治理开发和保护长江的关键工程,在保护长江生态环境中具有关键地位。党中央、国务院高度重视三峡工程建设对生态环境的影响,并要求研究降低工程对生态环境不利影响的对策措施。在工程决策前,相关单位分别就不同蓄水位方案对生态环境的影响进行了反复论证,使得提交的《长江三峡水利枢纽环境影响报告书》顺利获批。在初步设计阶段,对有关生态环境影响进行了复核,对环评中指出的主要不利影响提出了相应措施。在工程正式建设过程中,编制了《三峡库区及上游污染防治规划》,并敦促库区各级政府认真贯彻落实;建立了长江三峡生态环境监测系统,对各环境因子开展了系统而全面的监测跟踪,验证了环境影响评价结论及相关对策实施的效果。同时应该认识到,在三峡水库库区建设三峡水库生态屏障区,发挥三峡工程在长江生态环境保护体系中的重要作用,是保障长江流域环境安全的重要举措。

摘要：三峡工程是一座以防洪、发电和改善航运等综合利用的特大型骨干工程。三峡工程最大下泄流量达102500m3/s;水电站总装机容量22500MW,单机容量大(700MW),装机台数多(26台),电站变幅水头大(达40m);双线五级船闸总水头高(113m),通航要求高,一线下水年通过能力达5000万t,一次需通过万吨级船队,船闸规模大且在左岸山体开挖形成;施工导截流流量大,技术复杂;混凝土工程量大,浇筑强度高等。因此,长江勘测规划设计研究院经过长期设计研究,在枢纽总布置、大坝、水电站厂房、通航建筑物、施工导流和施工总进度设计技术方面,大胆应用了一系列创新技术,成功解决了众多技术难题,提升了我国水电工程勘测设计技术水平,促进了我国的水电技术发展。

摘要：*** The initial design of the Three Gorges Project(TGP)planned for three phases in the impoundment of its reservoir:the power generation period,with the water retained by a cofferdam;a preliminary operation period;and then a normal operation *** 2003,the Three Gorges Reservoir was impounded to elevation(El.)135 m,and power generation began with the water being retained by a *** 2007,the reservoir was impounded to El.156 m,and preliminary operations *** 2009,as the main hydraulic structures were completed,the reservoir was fit to be impounded to its normal level of El.175 ***,it was still kept at the pool level during the preliminary *** on considerations of the resettlement progress,observed results of sedimentation at the reservoir tail area,the influence of sedimentation on Chongqing Port,and so forth,the duration of the preliminary operation period was determined at six ***,in 2013,the Three Gorges Reservoir was impounded to its design pool level of El.175 m;hence,the normal operation period began.

摘要：三峡工程为举世瞩目的水利工程,其工程规模之浩大、技术问题之复杂都是罕见的。该文选择了工程设计中坝址的选定及枢纽建筑物设计中的若干关键技术问题进行介绍和阐述,以期读者对三峡工程有更深入的了解。

摘要：三峡工程是世界已建最大的水利水电工程,具有防洪、发电、航运、水资源综合利用等巨大效益,是治理开发和保护长江的关键性骨干工程。三峡水库大坝的安全和长期运用,关系到数百万人民生命财产安全和工程效益的发挥。本文重点阐述三峡水库大坝安全及长期运用研究的大坝稳定、泄洪消能、混凝土耐久性、大坝抗震及防护安全,水库泥沙淤积、地质灾害防治、水环境保护等问题及其设计釆取的工程措施,并对蓄水运行以来的监测成果进行了分析,表明水库大坝运行安全可靠,可长期运用。