摘要：Two-dimensional(2D)MXene and single-atom(SA)catalysts are two frontier research fields in catalysis.2D materials with unique geometric and electronic structures can modulate the catalytic performance of supported SAs,which,in turn,affect the intrinsic activity of 2D *** functional theory calculations were used to systematically explore the potential of O-terminated V2C MXene(V_(2)CO_(2))-supported transition metal(TM)SAs,including a series of 3d,4d,and 5d metals,as oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)and hydrogen oxidation reaction(HOR)*** combination of TM SAs and V_(2)CO_(2)changes their electronic structure and enriches the active sites,and consequently regulates the intermediate adsorption energy and catalytic activity for ORR and *** the investigated TM-V_(2)CO_(2)models,Sc-,Mn-,Rh-,and PtMCCh showed high ORR activity,while Sc-,Ti-,V-,Cr-,and Mn-V_(2)CO_(2)exhibited high HOR ***,Mn-and Sc-V_(2)CO_(2)are expected to serve as highly efficient and cost-effective bifunctional catalysts for fuel cells because of their high catalytic activity and *** work provides theoretical guidance for the rational design of efficient ORR and HOR bifunctional catalysts.

摘要：六通黑腔是我国独立自主设计的新型激光惯性约束聚变驱动腔型。在大型激光装置上采用全束组注入方式,首次获得了新型六通黑腔10～20倍收缩比综合内爆完整配套实验数据,实现最高YOC2D(实验产额/二维模拟产额)达80.4%的综合内爆性能。

摘要：在激光惯性约束聚变(ICF)研究中,通过X光高速摄影获取的图像数据能够反映等离子体中由于做功和能量输运导致的流体状态的时空演化信息,与之相关的诊断技术与工程研究一直以来都是ICF诊断能力建设的重要组成部分。介绍了作为我国ICF工程的主要实施单位之一,中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心近年来在X光高速摄影技术研究方面取得重要进展,包括:(1)面向神光系列激光装置,开发了系列工程化的100 ps曝光高速摄影相机,整体达到国际先进水平,并在高灵敏探测、透射式带通滤波和结构小型化等方面形成中国特色;(2)提出微扫描门控、同视扫描分幅等10 ps曝光X光高速摄影新技术,为突破时间分辨瓶颈做出有益尝试;(3)在国内率先开展抗辐射加固高速摄影相机理论设计、技术验证与工程设计;(4)针对激光聚变靶碎片对设备安全的威胁,在国内首次开展靶碎片的理论建模与仿真研究,并开展首次验证实验,取得重要进展。