摘要：Many problems in rock engineering are limited by our imperfect knowledge of the material properties and failure mechanics of rock masses. Mining problems are somewhat unique, however, in that plenty of real world experience is generally available and can be turned into valuable experimental *** pillar that is developed, or stope that is mined, represents a full-scale test of a rock mechanics design. By harvesting these data, and then using the appropriate statistical techniques to interpret them,mining engineers have developed powerful design techniques that are widely used around the *** empirical methods are readily accepted because they are simple, transparent, practical, and firmly tethered to reality. The author has been intimately associated with empirical design for his entire career, but his previous publications have described the application of individual techniques to specific problems. The focus of this paper is the process used to develop a successful empirical method. A sixstage process is described: identification of the problem, and of the end users of the final product; development of a conceptual rock mechanics model, and identification of the key parameters in that model;identification of measures for each of the key parameters, and the development of new measures(such as rating scales) where necessary; data sources and data collection; statistical analysis; and packaging of the final product. Each of these stages has its own potential rewards and pitfalls, which will be illustrated by incidents from the author's own experience. The ultimate goal of this paper is to provide a new and deeper appreciation for empirical techniques, as well as some guidelines and opportunities for future developers.

摘要：伴随电子工业继续向着小型化的方向发展，我们必须认识到没有标准经，最新设计的BGA／CSP组件不可能以较低的成本及时地进入常用封装器件的角色。基本的常用包装包括：管式、托盘式、卷带、测试插座和组装板。标准化是力图使常用器件供应商去满足现在发展起来的BGA／CSP工业化的应用要求。缺乏标准会导致客户在供应商提供产品范围非常有限的情况下产品最终的成本提高，最主要的是浪费了时间，这在半导体市场生命周期很短的情况下是最严重的成本支出。最新的世界半导体技术指南1999版比以前的指南更进一步降低了组件的封装成本，一种新的封装形式组件若成本过高或上市时间过晚都将被市场所淘汰。标准经工作不仅要在局部区域内开展，像JEDEC（美国）和EIAJ（日本），而且要考虑更高水平的发展。在封装领域的最高权威是IEC（国际电子技术委员会）TC－47D，它减少了在未限制用户选择性能更加可靠而价格更加低廉的封装组件时组件封装形式可能出现的不统一。对于BGA封装的介绍可以为电子产品生产者提供一种封装形式的概念，使他们只管利用旧的贴片设备去生产而不用担心组件封装周围的引线共面性不良或发生变形。BGA封装的组件使生产者不必考虑组装窄间距芯片（0．50、0．40、0．30mm或更小）带来的麻烦。BGA／CSP组件的缺点在于它是阵列方式的封装结构，它们在焊球的间路、焊点的直径及组件上焊球的数量有很大的变化。一个CSP可以看作是一个更薄、更小、焊球间距更窄的BGA。这种概念上较大的伸缩性使得对其严格标准化的需求比对周围带有引线封装的器件更为迫切。

摘要：Currently, there are only three classical and a handful of emerging design methodologies available to structural engineers worldwide. None of these methodologies can explain the design concepts involved in the realization of natural structures such as trees, nor can they fully address the design needs of contemporary engineering structures. The recently developed Performance Control （PC） incorporates both the essence of the classical concepts and the newer procedures and addresses the observed performance of the structure during its known history of loading, PC attempts to mimic nature by applying the known theories of structures to the design of case-specific frameworks, rather than investigating their results for compliance against prescriptive criteria. Parametric examples have been provided to illustrate the applications of the conceptual design similarities between trees and manmade moment frames. It has been shown that an understanding of the structural performance of trees can enhance the structural design of moment frames, and that bioinspired PC can lead to minimum weight moment frames under lateral loading. The analogous performances of the natural and manmade structures may help explain the structural response of trees to similar loading scenarios.

摘要：在这个能量饮料广告中．VFX公司Asylum FX将一名想要摆脱都市生活所造成的精神创伤的奔跑者变换成一个高耸的分段巨人。

摘要：介绍了基于数值有限元分析、图形静力学和Maxwell荷载路径等经典理论的结构优化工具,及其在深圳中信金融中心项目中的应用。结合使用了商用结构优化软件和自开发程序,以期得到深圳中信金融中心项目结构最佳几何形式。在结构优化过程中考虑结构性能标准,如整体刚度最大化、给定点变形最小化、目标周期、屈曲因子最大化、应力分布均匀等。最佳几何形式在最小化结构材料的前提下实现结构刚度最大化,整个优化过程是基于材料线弹性假定,为保证结构体系在地震作用下的延性,塔楼角部设置延性框架梁耗能。优化后的斜交网格结构体系效率高,相比核心筒提供更大的抗侧力刚度,但也使得节点层楼板拉应力增大,并且优化使得体系冗余度下降,因此需要注重楼板拉应力控制和抗连续倒塌设计。

摘要：英国艺术家保罗·考克斯基（Paul Cocksedge）在2014年,为在伊斯坦布尔举办的“创意英伦”盛典设计了核心艺术装置。这个名为“Palette调色盘”的装置使用了大小不等的半透明圆片,分别是英国与土耳其国旗的色彩,大大小小的色片在空中溶解、交融,诞生新的色彩,

摘要：Ruby City当代艺术中心位于美国得克萨斯州的圣安东尼奥市,由著名的建筑师大卫·阿贾耶爵士(Sir David Adjaye)设计。它拥有近千平方米的展览空间,致力于当地创意性社区的建设,为艺术交流和民众的艺术熏陶提供了空间。艺术中心是以已故收藏家、慈善家、艺术家琳达·佩斯(Linda Pace)的一幅绘画作品为灵感而建的,整个艺术中心收藏并展出了琳达·佩斯自己创作和收藏的800余件作品,其中包含绘画、雕塑、装置和视频等不同种类。建筑所在区域属于不断扩张的大学校园的一部分,同时还包括占地约4000 m2的克里斯公园,该绿地公园据说是为了纪念琳达·佩斯的儿子而命名的。

摘要：在美国肯尼迪航天中心的太空轨道飞行器加工机构内,美国航空航天局(NASA)的技术人员正在为发现号航天飞机进行各项技术准备工作.这架航天飞机有望在明年3月再次发射升空.发现号将是自哥伦比亚号在2003年2月份损失后第一架重返太空轨道的航天飞机.航天专业部门已经对飞行器重新进行了设计,以减少再有类似灾祸发生的危险.然而在首次飞行时并不是所有的建议安排都能到位,妥善处置.因此这就限制了航天飞机所能应付处理的飞行使命的种类.

摘要：对绿色建筑在美国的发展现状和在克利夫兰绿色建筑的实践作简要介绍,为我国绿色建筑的发展提供一些启示。

摘要：忘记建模或动画吧，真正的3D英雄将告诉你如何在这一领域找到工作，在下面几页中，我们简述了五种常被人们忽视的职业，而这却可以成为你进军这一产业的跳板。想看看它们是什么，请继续……