摘要：Stimulated by the success of graphene and diamond, a variety of carbon allotropes have been discovered in recent years in either two-dimensional or three-dimensional configurations. Although these emerging carbon allotropes share some common features, they have certain different and novel mechanical or physical properties. In this review, we present a comparative survey of some of the major properties of fifteen newly discovered carbon allotropes. By comparing their structural topology, we propose a general route for designing most carbon allotropes from two mother structures, namely, graphene and diamond. Furthermore, we discuss several future prospects as well as current challenges in designing new carbon allotropes.

摘要：A new RIB project, the Beijing Radioactive Ion-beam Facility （BRIF）, has been running at CIAE since 2004. In this project, a 100 MeV H-cyclotron, CYCIAE-100, is selected as the driving accelerator providing a 75-100 MeV, 200-500 μA proton beam. An ISOL system employs two stage separators to reach the mass resolution of 20000. Its RIB beam will be injected into the existing Tandem and a superconducting booster installed down stream of the Tandem will increase the energy by 2 MeV/q. The progress of BRIF, giving special emphasis to CYCIAE-100, will be introduced in this paper.

摘要：In the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory（LHAASO） project,the one kilometer square extensive air shower array（KM2A） is the the largest detector array in terms of effect ive *** consists of 5635electromagnetic particle detectors（EDs） and 122 1 union detectors（MDs）.Each ED is composed of 16 scintillator tiles readout by wavelength-shifting fibers that are bundled and attached by a 25 mm *** design of the unit and its performances,such as photoelectron yield,time resolution and uniformity,are discussed in *** assembling scheme for the whole ED is established to guarantee the uniformity throughout all 16 tiles in a single ED and all EDs in mass production.

摘要：The development of low-cost,highly active platinum(Pt)-based electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)is crucial for widespread applications of fuel *** effective approach lies in alloying Pt with non-noble transition metals to modulate the physicochemical state of the Pt ***,fundamental challenges remain in understanding the structure-performance relationship due to the complexity of composition,crystal type,and surface structure during the alloying *** this study,we synthesized a series of PtCo bimetallic solid solutions with varying ratios using a liquid-phase synthesis *** exploiting the characteristics of solid solutions,the resulting PtCo bimetallic alloy maintains the face-centered cubic crystal structure of pure platinum,minimizing the complexities introduced during alloying and facilitating mechanism ***,under controlled alloy composition and crystal structure,we investigated the dependence of the electrocatalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction on the surface strain of the platinum *** S-PtCo-SNPs cathode designed accordingly endows both proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC)(2.08 W cm^(−2) at 4 A cm^(−2))and Zn-air battery(ZAB)(143.1 mW cm^(−2) at 214.5 mA cm^(−2))with outstanding performance.

摘要：Various adaptive designs have been proposed and applied to clinical trials, bio assay, psychophysics, *** designs are also useful in high cost engineering *** and more people have been paying attention to these design methods. This paper introduces several broad families of designs, such as the play-the-winner rule, randomized play-the-winner rule and its generalization to the multi-arm case, doubly biased coin adaptive design, Markov chain model.

摘要：为解决传统主动回正控制中各车速下合适的回正转速难以确定的问题,提出了一种基于回正转速参考模型和滑模控制的线控转向系统主动回正控制方法。设计了基于时间窗的主动回正状态判断机制,根据轮胎回正力矩建立了回正转速参考模型,并基于此模型设计了主动回正滑模控制策略。硬件在环仿真试验结果表明,提出的主动回正状态判断机制能准确切换系统状态,回正转速参考模型真实性高,且滑模控制策略能有效保障转向盘对参考回正转速的跟踪效果。

摘要：This work is concerned with the problem of L2 gain disturbance attenuation for nonlinear systems and nonlinear robust control for power systems. In terms of the recurrence design approach proposed, the nonnegative solution of dissipative inequality and the storage function of nonlinear H∞ control for a generator excitation system are acquired. From this storage function, the excitation controller is constructed. Moreover, simulation results manifest the effectiveness of this design method.

摘要：针对欠驱动四轴飞行器控制系统在轨迹跟踪过程中存在参数不确定和易受外部干扰等问题,这里采用一种PID控制、非线性自抗扰控制(NLADRC)和PD控制技术相结合的控制方式对其位置和姿态进行控制,以偏航通道为例实现了扩张状态观测器(ESO)对内扰和外扰的估计及补偿。首先,根据四轴飞行器模型特点,实现了适用于4通道的参数整定方案,大大简化了参数整定难度;然后,设计了内外双环路控制器,其外环由PID控制,内环由ADRC和PD控制;最后,通过与串级PID控制在轨迹跟踪及抗扰性、鲁棒性方面进行仿真对比分析,结果表明该控制方法能够满足四轴飞行器在稳定度高和姿态调节快速性等方面的要求,自抗扰控制器能够对扰动进行很好地估计和补偿。

摘要：A design procedure for improving the efficiency of a transonic compressor blading was proposed based on a rapid generation method for three-dimensional blade configuration and computational meshes, a three-dimensional Navier-Stokes solver and an optimization approach. The objective of the present paper is to design a transonic compressor blading optimized only by selection of the locations of maximum camber and maximum thickness for the airfoils at different span heights and to study how do these two design parameters affect the blade performance. The blading configuration and the computational meshes can be obtained very rapidly for any given combination of maximum camber and maximum thickness. The computational grid system generated is used for the Navier-Stokes solution to predict adiabatic efficiency, total pressure ratio and flow rate. As a main result of the optimization, adiabatic efficiency was successfully improved.

摘要：The design and construction of Beijing Radioactive Ion-beam Facility (BRIF) was started at China Institute of Atomic Energy -CIAE) in 2004. In this project, a 100 MeV high intensity cyclotron, CYCIAE100, is selected as a driving accelerator for radioactive ion beam production. It will provide a proton beam of 75—100 MeV with an intensity of 200—500 μA. The scheme adopted in this design, i.e., stripping the accelerated H-, makes the structure more compact and construction cost much lower. At present, the design for each system has been accomplished. This paper depicts the basic physics design of the machine, including its major structure and parameters, beam dynamics and each relevant system, e.g. basic structure of the main magnet, numerical simulation of the RF resonant cavity, axial injection system, central region, and study on crucial physics problems concerning the extraction and beam lines. The major problems encountered during the design of CYCIAE-100 are also summarized in this paper.