摘要：Large bone defect regeneration has always been recognized as a challenging clinical problem due to the difficulty of *** treatments exhibit certain inherent disadvantages(e.g.,secondary injury,immunization,and potential infections).However,three-dimensional(3D)printing technology as an emerging field can serve as an effective approach to achieve satisfactory revascularization while making up for the above limitations.A wide variety of methods can be used to facilitate blood supply during the design of a 3D-printed ***,the scaffold structure lays a foundation for the entire printing object;any method to promote angiogenesis can be effective only if it is based on well-designed *** this review,different designs related to angiogenesis are summarized by collecting the literature from recent *** 3D-printed scaffolds are classified into four major categories and discussed in detail,from elementary porous scaffolds to the most advanced bone-like ***,structural design suggestions to achieve rapid angiogenesis are proposed by analyzing the above *** review can provide a reference for organizations or individual academics to achieve improved bone defect repair and regeneration using 3D printing.

摘要：The high incidence of cardiovascular disease has led to significant demand for synthetic vascular grafts in clinical ***-proliferation drugs are usually loaded into devices to achieve desirable anti-thrombosis effects after ***,the non-selectiveness of these conventional drugs can lead to the failure of blood vessel reconstruction,leading to potential complications in the long *** address this issue,an asymmetric membrane was constructed through electro-spinning *** bilayer membrane loaded and effectively released nitric oxide(NO),as hoped,from only one *** to the short diffusion distance of NO,it exerted negligible effects on the other side of the membrane,thus allowing selective regulation of different cells on both *** released NO boosted the growth of endothelial cells(ECs)over smooth muscle cells(SMCs)-while on the side where NO was absent,SMCs grew into *** overall structure resembled a native blood vessel,with confluent ECs as the inner layer and layers of SMCs to support *** addition,the membrane preserved the normal function of ECs,and at the same time did not exacerbate inflammatory *** preparing this material type that regulates cell behavior differentially,we describe a new method for its application in the cardiovascular field such as for artificial blood vessels.

摘要：In this paper, graphite-like carbon （GLC） films with Cr buffer layer were fabricated by DC magnetron sputtering technique with the thickness ratio of Cr to GLC films varying from 1：2 to 1：20. The effect of Cr]GLC modulation ratio on microstructure, mechanical and tribological properties in artificial seawater was mainly investigated by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, energy dispersive spectroscopy （EDS）, nano-indenter and a reciprocating sliding tribo-meter. The propagation of defects plays an important role in the evolution of delamination, which is critical to wear failure of GLC films in artificial seawa- ter. Designing the proper multilayer structure could inhibit the defects propagation and thus protect the basis material. The multilayer Cr/GLC film with optimized ratio of 1：3 demonstrates a low average friction coefficient of 0.08 ± 0.006 and wear rate of （2.3 ± 0.3） × 10^-8 mm3/（N m） in artificial seawater, respectively.

摘要：Galloping cheetahs,climbing mountain goats,and load hauling horses all show desirable locomotion capability,which motivates the development of quadruped *** various quadruped robots,hydraulically driven quadruped robots show great potential in unstructured environments due to their discrete landing positions and large *** the most critical movement unit of a quadruped robot,the limb leg unit(LLU)directly affects movement speed and reliability,and requires a compact and lightweight *** by the dexterous skeleton–muscle systems of cheetahs and humans,this paper proposes a highly integrated bionic actuator system for a better dynamic performance of an *** propose that a cylinder barrel with multiple element interfaces and internal smooth channels is realized using metal additive manufacturing,and hybrid lattice structures are introduced into the lightweight design of the piston *** addition,additive manufacturing and topology optimization are incorporated to reduce the redundant material of the structural parts of the *** mechanical properties of the actuator system are verified by numerical simulation and experiments,and the power density of the actuators is far greater than that of cheetah *** mass of the optimized LLU is reduced by 24.5%,and the optimized LLU shows better response time performance when given a step signal,and presents a good trajectory tracking ability with the increase in motion frequency.

摘要：MnZn soft magnetic ferrites have been widely utilized in power electronics,owing to the combined merits of high permeability and low energy ***,their deployment would result in a drastic increase in power dissipation at>3 MHz,thus limiting the scope extent of miniaturization,together with their ***,we report a high-performance MnZn ferrite by doping multiple ions(La,Ti,Si,Ca)at grain boundaries,achieving the most optimized power loss of 267 kW/m^(3) at 5 MHz(10 m T,100℃)and initial permeability of 644,which is much better than the previously reported results and commercial *** an improvement is attributed to weakened magnetic exchange coupling at grain-boundary regions,associated with a significant transition from the multi-to mono-domain structures,originating physically from large crystallographic mis-orientations(>25°).The present study bears important significance in understanding the intrinsic correlation between the crystallographic mis-orientation and magnetic domain structure,and provides an alternative way for optimizing high-frequency soft magnetic ferrites.

摘要：Tracheal stents are an important form of treatment for benign or malignant central airway ***,the mechanical behavior of current tracheal stents is significantly different from that of the native trachea,which leads to a variety of serious *** this study,inspired by the structure of the native trachea,a wavy non-uniform ligament chiral tracheal stent is proposed,in which J-shaped stress-strain behavior and negative Poisson's ratio response are achieved by replacing the tangential ligament of tetrachiral and anti-tetrachiral hybrid structure with a wavy non-uniform *** the combination of theoretical analysis,finite element analysis and experimental tests,a wide range of desired J-shaped stress-strain curves are explored to mimic the native porcine trachea by tailoring the stent ***,the negative Poisson’s ratio and auxetic diameter curves versus axial strain of the stent are also studied in detail,thus contributing to the enhancement of cross-section ventilation and reducing the migration of the *** novel tracheal stent with a unique microstructure shows a potential to perfectly match the physiological activities of the native trachea and thereby reduce potential complications.

摘要：Previous studies have suggested that the transforming growth factor-β receptor ALK5 is crucial for articular chondrogenesis by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Here, the wild-type ALK5 plasmids were mutated by overlapping extended PCR and transfected into bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. The knee joint osteoarthritis mouse model was constructed by cutting oft＂ the anterior cruciate ligament and divided into three groups： saline group, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and ALK5-transfected bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells group. HE staining showed that the articular cartilage lesions were more serious of saline group compared with that of mesenchymal stem cell group, and this trend was more pronounced as time goes on. Immunohistochemical staining showed that although the expression level of type II collagen in all three groups down-regulated gradually upon time, its expression in ALK5-transfected bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells group was significantly enhanced compared with the other two groups. Micro-CT also suggested that ALK5 transfection of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells would promote repairing the knee cartilage lesions with arthritis of the mice. Although the osteoarthritis mechanism underlying a variety of factors work together, and the appropriate proportion of ALKS/ALK1 was also emphasized for the treatment of osteoarthritis. This work therefore demonstrated that ALK5 transfection of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells could be a promising stem cell therapy for repair of cartilage lesions.

摘要：Theranostic nanosystems that integrate diagnosis and therapy have garnered increasing attention for personalized *** integration of the versatile nanoparticles to fabricate self-assembled theranostic nanomedicines becomes increasingly important in current medical *** silica nanoparticles(MSN)with their highly attractive physicochemical properties and favorable morphological attributes represent ideal templates for the controlled assembly and integration of functional nanomaterials to fabricate self-assembled theranostic *** rationally designed combination strategy and heterostructure will improve the overall bioavailability and preserve the unique property of each *** this review,the cutting-edge strategies for the designed fabrication of MSN-templated self-assembled nanomedicines are *** categorize MSN-based nanomedicines by their unique heterostructures,including core-shell,yolk-shell,core-satellite,heterodimer and core-shell-satellite structures,and discuss the controlled assembly approaches as well as the intriguing applications for disease ***,a perspective on the challenges in the clinical translation of self-assembled theranostic nanomedicines is highlighted.

摘要：Nerve regeneration holds significant potential in the treatment of various skeletal and neurological disorders to restore lost sensory and motor *** potential of nerve regeneration in ameliorating neurological diseases and injuries is critical to human ***-dimensional(3D)printing offers versatility and precision in the fabrication of neural *** neural structures such as neural tubes and scaffolds can be fabricated via *** reviewcomprehensively analyzes the current state of 3D-printed neural scaffolds and explores strategies to enhance their *** highlights therapeutic strategies and structural design involving neural materials and stem ***,nerve regeneration materials and their fabrication techniques are *** applications of conductive materials in neural scaffolds are reviewed,and their potential to facilitate neural signal transmission and regeneration is ***,the progress in 3D-printed neural scaffolds applied to the peripheral and central nerves is comprehensively evaluated,and their potential to restore neural function and promote the recovery of different nervous systems is *** addition,various applications of 3D-printed neural scaffolds in peripheral and neurological diseases,as well as the design strategies of multifunctional biomimetic scaffolds,are discussed.

摘要：Surface topographies such as micrometric edges and grooves have been widely used to improve neuron ***,finding the mechanism of neuron–surface interactions on grooved substrates remains a *** this work,PC12 cells and chick forebrain neurons(CFNs)were cultured on grooved and smooth polyacrylonitrile *** was found that CFNs showed a tendency of growing across groove ridges;while PC12 cells were only observed to grow in the longitudinal direction of *** further investigate these observations,a 3D physical model of axonal outgrowth was *** this model,axon shafts are simulated as elastic 3D beams,accounting for the axon outgrowth as well as the focal contacts between axons and ***,the bending direction of axon tips during groove ridge crossing is governed by the energy minimization *** physical model predicts that axonal groove ridge crossing is contributed by the bending compliance of axons,caused by lower Young’s modulus and smaller *** work will aid the understanding of the mechanisms involved in axonal alignment and elongation of neurons guided by grooved substrates,and the obtained insights can be used to enhance the design of instructive scaffolds for nerve tissue engineering and regeneration applications.