摘要：Candida albicans （C. albicans） infection has a high mortality rate in immunocompromised patients. Owing to the inefficiency of the current diagnostic system and the absence of licensed vaccines against candidiasis, the prevention of C. albicans infection remains a challenge. C. albicans infection can be evaluated and prevented by the anti-secreted aspartyl proteinase 2 antibody （anti-Sap2 IgG） and Hsp90 antibody （anti-Hsp90 IgG）. In this study, to explore a new agent for the improvement of the diagnosis and the prevention of C. albicans infection, an engineered fd bacteriophage, which is considered a human-safe virus nanofiber, was designed and prepared with two epitopes that could induce and capture anti-Sap2 IgG and anti-Hsp90 IgG. The dual-display phage was employed as a novel capture probe to develop a new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） method, which significantly improved the detection rate compared with those of the ELISA in which recombinant protein Sap2 was used as coating antigen to capture the spedfic antibodies （rSap2-ELISA） and the ELISA in which recombinant protein Hsp90 was used as coating antigen to capture the specific antibodies （rHsp90-ELISA）. In addition, the nanofibers acted as a potential vaccine to immunize mice, as well as recombinant proteins, more efficiently mediated humoral and cellular immune responses, decreased levels of C. albicans colonization, and increased the survival rates in C. albicans-infected mice. Therefore, the phage dual-display nanofiber has been shown to be a powerful bifunctional agent for protection against and sensitive detection of clinical infections, which has the potential to be widely used in the life sciences, clinical medicine, and environmental sciences.

摘要：Purpose： To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the glycoside fraction of fenugreek （Trigonellafoenum-graecum） seeds （Fenu-FG） on physiologi- cal parameters related to muscle anabolism, androgenic hormones, and body fat in healthy male subjects during an 8-week resistance training program using a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled design. Methods： Sixty healthy male subjects were randomized to ingest capsules of Fenu-FG （1 capsule of 300 rag, twice per day） or the matching placebo at a 1：1 ratio. The subjects participated in a supervised 4-day per week resistance-training program for 8 weeks. The outcome measurements were recorded at recruitment （baseline） and at the end of the treatment （8 weeks）. The efficacy outcome included serum testosterone （total and free） levels, muscle strength and repetitions to failure, metabolic markers for anabolic activity （serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen）, and % body fat. The standard safety measurements such as adverse events monitoring, vital signs, hematology, biochemistry, and urinalysis were performed. Results： Fenu-FG supplementation demonstrated significant anabolic and androgenic activity as compared with the placebo. Fenu-FG treated subjects showed significant improvements in body fat without a reduction in muscle strength or repetitions to failure. The Fenu-FG supplemen- tation was found to be safe and well-tolerated. Conclusion： Fenu-FG supplementation showed beneficial effects in male subjects during resistance training without any clinical side effects.

摘要：Objective To explore and interpret the experiences of pregnant women in Macao region,China during the COVID-19 *** Recruitment advertisements were published through multiple social platforms in Macao region,China.A purposive snowball sampling method was adopted to select *** women who were confirmed as pregnant from January to May 2020 participated in this qualitative *** was collected from November to December 2020 using in-depth personal ***-to-one interviews were conducted by telephone to avoid personal *** analysis was used to perform the data analysis and identify emergent *** Five themes emerged from the data analysis:changes in daily life,psychological distress,unique experiences of pregnancy follow-up,trying to pay attention to health information but also feeling overwhelmed,and change in hygiene behaviors due to fear of *** sub-themes were identified:being confined at home but understanding the reasons,financial pressures and timely support from the government,perceived risk of catching the infection,retaining optimism with various help and support,adequate personal protections,and obsessive hygiene *** During a pandemic,there is a risk of greater individual isolation,particularly for vulnerable groups such as women in *** humanized attention to and support for the residents from the government buffered the adverse impact on the study *** for such events is needed to focus on psychological distress,financial constraints,and prenatal health *** service delivery,such as telemedicine,online counseling,and virtual reality(VR)technology,should be applied to offer pregnant women timely support and avoid a crisis.

摘要：针对旧水泥混凝土路面加铺改造工程的层间黏结问题,选择适用于该工程的碎石封层结构,通过室内直接剪切试验对比分析了橡胶沥青衬垫式碎石封层与橡胶沥青单层碎石封层的黏结性能,利用正交试验优化了橡胶沥青衬垫式碎石封层的配合比.结果表明:单层碎石封层及衬垫式碎石封层为最佳碎石封层结构;橡胶沥青衬垫式碎石封层第1层沥青洒布量为2.4kg/m2,第1层碎石撒布量为9m3/km2,第2层沥青洒布量为2.0kg/m2,第2层碎石撒布量为12m3/km2时,层间抗剪强度最优;橡胶沥青衬垫式碎石封层黏结性能较橡胶沥青单层碎石封层提高30%左右.

摘要：Objectives:This study aimed to explore the effectiveness of the theory-based tailored mHealth physical activity(PA)intervention among patients with breast cancer undergoing ***:A quasi-experimental study design was adopted.A total of 60 breast cancer patients were selected from two tertiary hospitals in Shanghai and Hangzhou City from September 2019 to August *** to the admission order,30 patients werefirst included in the control group,followed by 30 patients in the intervention group.A smartphone application(app)named“Breast Care”was developed based on social cognitive theory,self-efficacy theory,and the theory of planned *** app integrated various functions,including information browsing,PA monitoring and feedback,symptom reporting,and social *** in the intervention group received three months of personalized online PA guidance in addition to routine *** control group received routine *** and post-intervention investigations after three months were conducted in two groups using the Short Form of International Physical Activity Questionnaire,the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale,and the Functional Assessment of Cancer TherapydBreast ***:After three months of intervention,compared to the control group,breast cancer patients in the intervention group showed significant improvements in walking,moderate PA,and overall PA(P<0.05).Compared to the baseline data,breast cancer patients in the intervention group had significant improvements in walking and overall PA after three months(P<0.05),whereas the control group experienced significant declines in walking,moderate PA,and overall PA after three months(P<0.05).There were statistically differences between the two groups in scores for anxiety,overall quality of life,and its dimensions,such as physical well-being,emotional well-being,and additional breast cancer well-being(P<0.05).Conclusions:The theory-based tailored mHealth PA interventio

摘要：目的：评价常见慢性疾病及疾病标志指标与肿瘤风险的独立和联合关系，同时探索体力活动能否降低慢性疾病或异常疾病指标的致癌风险。研究设计：回顾性研究。研究设定：中国台湾地区人群的标准医学普查计划。纳入人群：405878人纳入研究，平均随访时间8．7年。所有参与者均测量并记录以下指标：心血管标志指标（血压、总胆固醇和心率）、糖尿病、慢性肾脏疾病指标（蛋白尿和肾小球滤过率）、肺部疾病和痛风性关节炎指标（尿酸）。主要研终点：肿瘤发病率及病死率。

摘要：背景:在进行大规模接触者调查后,对结核菌素试验(TST)阳性个体提供预防性抗结核治疗。目的:研究随访期间异烟肼(INH)的治疗效果和γ-干扰素释放试验(IGRA)的时效。设计:在大规模接触者调查期间,TST检测为阳性的对象(n=122例)纳入本研究。在2年里,每6个月抽取一次血标本用来进行两种试验。结果:122例中,36例(29.5%)完成异烟肼预防性治疗,71例(58.2%)每6个月进行一次X线筛查随访,另有15例(12.3%)未完成异烟肼预防性治疗。阳性者的总百分率在2年间保持稳定,大约在45%～50%,但随着时间的推移,个体的反应有变化。大多数初始IGRA低者,随访期间其结果仍然在临界值以下,初始IGRA结果高的仍为阳性,而IGRA初始结果为中等程度者,随访期间有多种动态类型。结论:本研究显示IGRA反应随着时间推移变异较大,提示其在潜伏感染个体随访中的应用价值有限。然而,在那些初始IGRA为中等程度结果的个体表现出不同动态类型的意义,需要进一步研究。

摘要：目的检测被动吸烟者的生物标记物（唾液可替宁浓度）与认知损害的关系。设计基于全国人口横断面分析的研究。样本全英格兰家庭的分层随机样本。参与者年龄≥50岁非吸烟的成年人4809例。他们来源于参加1998、1999和2001年英格兰健康调查且再次参加2002年英国人口老龄化纵向研究者，有供测量可替宁的唾液标本以及详细的吸烟史纪录。主要测量结果对参与者进行一组神经心理测试，定义分数在末位10％者为认知损害。结果将非吸烟、未使用尼古丁制品者，或唾液中可替宁浓度大于14．1ng／ml的参与者，按照唾液可替宁浓度均分为4组。在对认知损害的危险因素进行宽量程调整后，相对于可替宁四分位最低浓度组（0．0～0．1ng／m1），四分位第二组（0．2～0．3ng／m1）、第三组（0．4～0．7ng／m1）和最高浓度组（0．8～13．5ng／ml）中认知损害的比值比（OR）和95％可信区间（cI）分别为1．08（0．78～1．48），1．13（0．81～1．56）和1．44（1．07～1．94）；P趋向于0．02。在从未吸烟者和以前吸烟但已戒烟者中也观察到相似的情况。结论被动吸烟可能增加认知损害发生的危险性。需要国家层面、有代表性的前瞻性设计，就涉及被动吸烟有关的生物标记物与认知减退和痴呆危险性的关系进行研究。

摘要：目的:采用统一的分析方案,评估全球多个国家/地区的二氧化氮(NO_(2))与总死亡率、心血管和呼吸系统疾病死亡率之间的短期关联。研究设计:采用两阶段的时间序列分析方法、过度离散的广义线性模型和多水平meta分析。研究地点:22个低到高收入国家/地区的398个城市。主要结局指标:1973—2018年逐日总死亡人数(6280万人)、心血管疾病死亡人数(1970万人)和呼吸系统疾病死亡人数(550万人)。结果:平均而言,NO_(2)浓度在滞后1天(前1天)每增加10μg/m^(3),会导致总死亡率、心血管和呼吸系统疾病死亡率分别增加0.46%(95%可信区间0.36%~0.57%)、0.37%(0.22%~0.51%)、0.47%(0.21%~0.72%)。在对共污染物(PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、臭氧、二氧化硫和一氧化碳)进行调整后,这些关联仍然很稳定。所有3种死因的暴露-反应曲线几乎是线性的,没有明显的阈值。在398个城市中,可归因于高过假定零水平的NO_(2)浓度造成的死亡比例为1.23%(95%可信区间0.96%~1.51%)。结论:这项多中心研究提供了关于NO_(2)短期暴露与总死亡率、心血管和呼吸系统死亡风险之间的独立和线性关联的关键证据,说明通过加强NO_(2)的控制和监管限制标准,可获得人群水平的健康收益。