摘要：通过电催化氧化葡萄糖等可再生生物质生产高附加值化学品为实现碳中和目标提供了一条有效途径.目前用于电催化生物质氧化反应的电催化剂主要分为贵金属基催化剂和非贵金属基催化剂.对于贵金属基电催化剂,文献报道了铂基催化剂的氧化态随电势变化,进而调控电催化葡萄糖氧化的活性和选择性.对于非贵金属基催化剂,钴基和镍基氧化物和氢氧化物被广泛应用于电催化生物质氧化反应,但铜基催化剂直到最近才引起关注.最近,金属铜、氧化亚铜和氢氧化铜在内的铜基材料被证实是一类有应用前景的电催化生物质氧化催化剂,但在电化学条件下的真实活性位结构仍难以鉴定.本文针对电催化葡萄糖等生物质平台分子的氧化反应,证明了氧化铜的催化活性相随电压升高从氢氧化铜演变为羟基氧化铜,阐明了结构和反应活性及选择性的构效关系,该工作加深了对铜基催化剂活性位动态重构的理解,有助于电催化生物质转化的催化剂理性设计,促进可再生资源利用和碳中和目标的实现.

摘要：Active queue management （AQM） can maintain smaller queuing delay and higher throughput by purposefully dropping packets at intermediate nodes. Most of the existing AQM schemes follow the probability dropping mechanism originating from random early detection （RED）. This paper develops a novel packet dropping mechanism for AQM through designing an ONOFF controller applying the variable structure control theory. Because the binary ONOFF controller can considerably simplify the manipulation on the AQM router, it is helpful for implementing the high performance router. The design principles of ONOFF controller are discussed in detail. The guidelines towards parameter settings are presented. The performance is extensively evaluated and compared with other well-known controllers through simulations and theoretical analysis. The results demonstrate that the ONOFF controller is responsive and robust against external disturbances, and is insensitive to variances of the system parameters. Therefore, it is very suitable for the time- varying network system, and at the same time, it can also keep the instantaneous queue length at a desired level with rather small oscillations, which is conducive to achieving the technical objectives of AQM.

摘要：It is generally acknowledged that mobile communication base stations are composed of hardware components such as Field Programming Gate Array （FPGA）, Digital Signal Processor （DSP）, which promise reliable and fluent services for the mobile users. However, with the increasing demand for energy-efficiency, approaches of low power-consumption and high-flexibility are needed urgently. In this circumstance, General Purpose Processor （GPP） attracts people＇s attention for its low-cost and flexibility. Benefited from the development of modern GPP in multi-core, Single Instruction Multiple Data （SIMD） instructions, larger cache, etc., GPPs are capable of performing high-density digital processing. In this paper, we compare several software-defined radio （SDR） prototypes and propose the general architecture of GPP-based soft base stations. Then, the schematic design of resource allocation and algorithm optimization in soft base station implementation are studied. As an application example, a prototype of GPP-based soft base station referring to the 3rd Generation Partnership Project （3GPP） Long Term Evolution （LTE） is realized and evaluated. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first Soft-LTE prototype ever reported. In the end, we evaluate the timing performance of the LTE soft base station and a packet loss ratio of less than 0.003 is obtained.

摘要：As a new software paradigm evolved by the Internet, Internetware brings many challenges for the traditional software development methods and techniques. Though architecture-based component composition （ABC） approach is originated in the traditional software paradigm, it supports the engineering of Internetware effectively due to its philosophy, rationales and mechanisms. ABC has three major contributions to the en- gineering of Internetware in detail. First, the feature oriented domain modeling method can structure the ＂disordered＂ ＂software entities＂ to ＂ordered Internetware＂ bottom-up in the problem space. Second, the architecture centric design and analysis method can support the development of self-adaptive Internetware. Third, the component operating platform is a reflective and self-adaptive middleware that not only provides Internetware with a powerful and flexible runtime infrastructure but also enables the self-adaptation of the structure and individual entities of Internetware.

摘要：安排问题的奥林匹克作为限制满足问题被建模，它被弄软最后的比赛的时间限制转变成一个抑制优化问题。分解方法论为抑制优化问题基于 Lagrangian 松驰被介绍。为双问题优化，有可变直径的亚坡度设计方法被学习。方法能收敛到全球性最佳的答案，效率被给。数字结果证明方法是有效的。

摘要：A novel approach for the design of phosphor-free single-chip white light-emitting diodes （LEDs） is proposed by employing InAIGaN irregular multiple quantum well （IMQW） structures. The electronic and optical properties of the designed InA1GaN IMQWs are analyzed in detail by fully considering the effects of strain, well-coupling, valence band-mixing, and quasi-bound states using the effective-mass Hamiltonian deduced from k. p theory. For comparison, three different types of InAIGaN IMQW structures with ultra-wide band spontaneous emission spectra are analyzed, and the results show that phosphor-free single-chip white light LEDs with more than 20Ohm emission band can be obtained using properly designed InAIGaN IMQW structures.

摘要：Cough is a defensive behavior that protects the respiratory system from infection and clears airway *** airflow dynamics have been analyzed by a variety of mathematical and experimental *** this paper,the cough airflow dynamics of 42 subjects were obtained and *** identification model based on piecewise Gauss function for cough airflow dynamics is proposed through the dimensionless method,which could achieve over 90%identification ***,an assisted cough system based on pneumatic flow servo system is *** vacuum situation and feedback control are used to increase the simulated peak cough flow rate,which are important for airway secretion clearance and to avoid airway collapse,*** simulated cough peak flow could reach 5 L/s without the external assistance such as manual pressing,patient cooperation and other ***,the backstepping control is developed to generate a simulated cough airflow that closely mimics the natural cough airflow of *** assisted cough system opens up wide opportunities of practical application in airway secretion clearance for critically ill patients with COVID 2019 and other pulmonary diseases.

摘要：Liquid metals(LM) such as eutectic gallium-indium and gallium-indium-tin are important functional liquid-state metal materials with many unique properties, which have attracted wide attentions especially from soft robot area. Recently the amoeba-like transformations of LM on the graphite surface are discovered, which present a promising future for the design and assemble of self-fueled actuators with dendritically deformable body. It appears that the surface tension of the LM can be significantly reduced when it contacts graphite surface in alkaline solution. Clearly, the specific surface should play a vital role in inducing these intriguing behaviors, which is valuable and inspiring in soft robot design. However, the information regarding varied materials functions underlying these behaviors remains unknown. To explore the generalized effects of surface materials in those intriguing behavior, several materials including glass, graphite, nickel and copper oxides(CuO) were comparatively investigated as substrate *** results were obtained that only LM amoeba transformations were observed on graphite and CuO surfaces. In order to identify the proper surface condition for LM transformation, the intrinsic properties of substrate surfaces, such as the surface charge and roughness, as well as the specific interaction with LM like wetting behavior and mutual locomotion etc., were characterized. The integrated results revealed that LM droplet appears more likely to deform on surfaces with higher positive surface charge density, higher roughness and less bubble generation on them. In addition, another surface material,CuOx, is identified to own similar ability to graphite, which is valuable in achieving amoeba-like transformation. Moreover, this study offers a fundamental understanding of the surface properties in realizing LM amoeba transformations, which would shed light on packing and structure design of liquid metal-based soft device within multi-material s

摘要：The conventional microwell-based platform for construction of organoid models exhibits limitations in precision oncology applications because of low-speed growth and high variability. Here, we established organoid models on a nested array chip for fast and reproducible drug testing using 50% matrigel. First, we constructed mouse small intestinal and colonic organoid models. Compared with the conventional microwell-based platform, the mouse organoids on the chip showed accelerated growth and improved reproducibility due to the nested design of the chip. The design of the chip provides miniaturized and uniform shaping of the matrigel that allows the organoid to grow in a concentrated and controlled manner. Next, a patient-derived organoid(PDO) model from colorectal cancer tissues was successfully generated and characterized on the chip. Finally, the PDO models on the chip, from three patients, were implemented for high-throughput drug screening using nine treatment regimens. The drug sensitivity testing on the PDO models showed good quality control with a coefficient of variation under 10% and a Z’ factor of more than 0.7. More importantly, the drug responses on the chip recapitulate the heterogeneous response of individual patients, as well as showing a potential correlation with clinical outcomes. Therefore,the organoid model coupled with the nested array chip platform provides a fast and reproducible means for predicting drug responses to accelerate precise oncology.

摘要：Pushover analysis is common because of its conceptual simplicity and computational attractiveness in computing seismic *** that traditional pushover analysis is restricted in underground structures due to the stark differences in the seismic response characteristics of surface structures,this paper proposes a pushover analysis method for underground structures and its application in seismic damage ***,three types of force distribution are presented based on ground response ***,the target displacements and analysis models are established according to force-based and performance-based ***,the pushover analysis procedure for underground structures is ***,the applicability of pushover analysis to underground structures is verified by comparing the responses of a Chongwenmen subway station determined by the proposed procedure and by nonlinear response history *** addition,two other points are made:that the inverted triangular distribution of effective earthquake acceleration is more practical than the other two distributions,and that performance-based design is more effective than force-based ***,a cyclic reversal loading pattern based on one cycle of reversal loads as an earthquake event is presented and applied to the seismic damage assessment of underground *** results show that the proposed pushover analysis can be effectively applied to the seismic design and damage assessment of underground structures.