摘要：A method for designing an X-ray flatness filter for medical electron linac is developed. It is used in the optimization process in the electron beam radiation system. Monte Carlo simulation method is used and two examples of real radiation system optimization processes for China-made medical electron linac are provided： 15 MV X- ray system of BJ-20 linac, and 12 MeV electron system of BJ-14. Results are verified by using the traditional method.

摘要：The sliding-rolling mixed motion behavior degrades the ball screw’s precision at different *** on the sliding-rolling mixed motion between ball and screw/nut raceway,the ball screw’s precision loss considering different given axial loading and rotational speed working conditions was *** creep and lubrication relate to sliding and rolling motion wear,the creep and lubrication characteristics are analyzed under different working ***,the precision loss was calculated considering the sole influence of sliding behavior between ball and screw and compared with the results from other current ***,research on precision loss owing to the sliding-rolling mixed motion behavior was realized under given working conditions,and suitable wear tests were carried *** analytical results of precision loss are in good agreement with the experimental test conclusions,which is conducive to better predicting the law of precision loss in stable wear period.

摘要：由非平衡驱动的热传导通过物理接触传递内部的热能.描述热传导的数学方程是一个典型的偏微分方程.它广泛存在于各种工程问题中,例如粒子扩散、航天器设计和稀释制冷机运行.本文提出了一种显著优于经典算法的热传导量子算法,并在量子硬件上演示了热传导过程.作者通过一个辅助量子比特构造的对称系统来表示原始热传导系统,使得量子线路的复杂度减少到离散格点数量的对数多项式量级.与现有的基于Harrow-Hassidim-Lloyd的线性方程算法相比,本文的方法直接演化线性过程,不进行相位估计,避免相位估计涉及复杂的量子门操作和较大的输出误差,便于在目前的量子硬件实现,显示了该算法是实验友好特性.并且,作者在核自旋量子处理器上实现了两端恒温和绝热条件的一维热传导过程,温度的时空分布与理论预言很好的吻合.该算法可以自然地应用于可归约为热方程的物理过程.

摘要：Linear transceiver designs are investigated for distributed two-way relaying networks,which aim at minimising the WeightedMean Square Error(WMSE) of data *** forwarding matrices at relays andequalization matrices at destinations are jointly *** overcome the challenginglimitations introduced by individual powerconstraints,a Semi-Definite Relaxation(SDR)called element-wise relaxation is proposed,which can transform the original optimizationproblem into a standard convex *** this research,two-way relaying isunderstood from a pure signal processing perspective which can potentially simplify thetheoretical ***,simulation resultsare used for assessing the performance advantage of the proposed algorithm.

摘要：作为一种典型的失效行为,动态断裂对于材料安全评估和设计至关重要,而动态断裂的瞬时性给实验表征裂纹尖端局部温度场演化带来了巨大挑战.研究人员指出温度对断裂韧性有显著影响,但在动态断裂起裂过程中,温度升高和裂纹尖端区域热软化效应的作用仍需阐明.本工作旨在评估温升效应对TC4(Ti-6Al-4V)合金受冲击动态断裂起裂的影响.我们开发了一种力/热耦合在位测试装置,获得了高时间/空间分辨率的动态I型断裂的同步COD(裂纹尖端张开位移)和温度场演化过程,并进行了相应的模拟,分析了动态断裂起裂时的热软化效应的作用.对于TC4合金,起裂时刻测得的最高温度约为130,热效应对材料性能的影响较小.本工作的结果为研究金属的力/热耦合断裂行为提供了数据支持.

摘要：Ionic covalent organic framework(COF)materials with high specific surface areas and well-defined pore structures are desired for many applications yet seldom ***,we report a cationic pyridinium salt-based COF(PS-COF-1)with a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)surface area of 2703 m^(2) g^(-1),state-ofthe-art for an ionic *** by its ordered pore structure,chemical stability,and radiation resistance,PS-COF-1 showed exceptional adsorption properties toward aqueous ReO_(4)^(-)(1262 mg g^(-1))and ^(99)TcO_(4)^(-).Its adsorption performance surpassed its corresponding amorphous ***,PS-COF-1 exhibited fast adsorption kinetics,high adsorption capacities,and selectivity for ^(99)TcO_(4)^(-)and ReO_(4)^(-)at high ionic strengths,leading to the successful removal of ^(99)TcO_(4)^(-)under conditions relevant to low-activity waste streams at US legacy Hanford nuclear *** addition,PS-COF-1 can rapidly decontaminate ReO_(4)^(-)/^(99)TcO_(4)^(-)polluted potable water(~10 ppb)to drinking water level(0 ppb,part per billion)within 10 *** functional theory(DFT)calculations revealed PS-COF-1 has a strong affinity for ReO_(4)^(-)and ^(99)TcO_(4)^(-),thereby favoring adsorption of these low charge density anions over other common anions(e.g.,Cl^(-),NO_(3)^(-),SO_(4)^(2-),CO_(3)^(2-)).Our work demonstrates a novel cationic COF sorbent for selective radionuclide capture and legacy nuclear waste management.

摘要：Most of volatile organic compounds （VOCs） are harmful to the atmosphere and human health. Cata‐lytic combustion is an effective way to eliminate VOCs. The key issue is the availability of high per‐formance catalysts. Many catalysts including transition metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, and sup‐ported noble metals have been developed. Among these catalysts, the porous ones attract much attention. In this review, we focus on recent advances in the synthesis of ordered mesoporous and macroporous transition metal oxides, perovskites, and supported noble metal catalysts and their catalytic oxidation of VOCs. The porous catalysts outperformed their bulk counterparts. This excel‐lent catalytic performance was due to their high surface areas, high concentration of adsorbed oxy‐gen species, low temperature reducibility, strong interaction between noble metal and support and highly dispersed noble metal nanoparticles and unique porous structures. Catalytic oxidation of carbon monoxide over typical catalysts was also discussed. We made conclusive remarks and pro‐posed future work for the removal of VOCs.

摘要：锂-硫电池具有高的理论电芯比能量和低成本,是极具应用前景的下一代电化学储能技术,已被广泛研究。实用化锂-硫电池技术目前面临的挑战主要包括正极侧电活性硫物种在充放电过程中的不可逆损失,负极侧枝晶形核生长,以及因活性硫迁移至负极而导致的界面副反应,上述问题会导致电池工况条件下性能迅速衰退,引发电池失效和安全问题。本工作中,我们提出通过设计非对称的电极-电解质界面稳定锂-硫电池正负极电化学,协同促进电极/电解质体相和界面电荷输运,从而延长电池循环寿命,显著提升电化学性能。本文所讨论的策略有望指导电池界面理性设计,助力实现高性能的锂-硫电池。

摘要：为解决目前大跨空间结构隔震中存在的问题,本文介绍了一种新型的三维复合隔震支座,并将它应用于某一单层球面网壳结构中.根据支座的隔震目标设计了40种不同类型的支座进行参数分析.结构分析采用时程分析法,通过改变地震动的强度,全面研究了该三维复合隔震支座水平刚度及竖向刚度变化对网壳结构周期、杆件轴力及节点加速度的影响,并总结了不同工况下的变化规律.结果可为该支座在网壳中的参数选择提供参考,对推动该支座在实际工程中的应用具有积极意义.

摘要：由于近年来在电化学能源转化、存储及高附加值化学品电合成上的兴趣,设计与制备电催化剂受到越来越多的关注。活性是电催化剂关键参数之一,但观测到的活性会受到催化剂负载量的影响。本工作中,我们采用Co_(3)O_(4)/石墨纸(Co_(3)O_(4)/GPE)电极作为电极模型,通过循环伏安法和计时电位法展示Co_(3)O_(4)的负载量是如何影响乙二醇在碱性溶液(KOH)中氧化的。基于对氧化还原峰和双电层电容的分析可以得出增加催化剂负载量可以增加电化学活性位点数,也可以在低的氧化电位下促进乙二醇氧化,但在高的电位下并没有明显的促进作用。这个结果提供了对有机小分子电催化剂负载量优化的一些思考。