摘要：We present a 3-D finite element (FE) approach to find the optimal distribution of seismic reinforcement force to secure high arch dam-abutment structures against certain earthquake actions. Nonlinear FE time history analysis is performed on the structure to find the seismic responses, using the associated elastic-perfectly plastic material description. The concept of plastic complementary energy is introduced to structural dynamics to quantify the structure's resistance against the seismic action throughout the time history and to indicate the critical moments when extreme extents of dynamic failure occur. Meanwhile the distributions of the unbalanced force at these critical moments reveal the dominant patterns of the dynamic failure. By the principle of minimum plastic complementary energy, the unbalanced force is just the counterforce of optimal reinforcement force to secure the self-unsupportable structure against the earthquake, which makes the seismic design more targeted and effective. Seismic design analysis is performed on Maji high arch dam-abutment structure. The results could to a large extent guide the seismic design, showing that several structural surfaces lying at the upper abutment are the most seismically vulnerable. This application indicates good applicability of this approach to large-scale projects.

摘要：In order to improve the reconstruction performance for ill-posed emission tomographic problems with limited projections, a generalized interpolation method is proposed in this paper, in which the virtual lines of projection are fabricated from, but not linearly dependent on, the measured projections. The method is called the virtual projection（VP） ***, an iterative correction method for the integral lengths is proposed to reduce the error brought about by the virtual lines of projection. The combination of the two methods is called the iterative virtual projection（IVP） method. Based on a scheme of equilateral triangle plane meshes and a six asymmetrically arranged detection system, numerical simulations and experimental verification are conducted. Simulation results obtained by using a non-negative linear least squares method,without any other constraints or regularization, demonstrate that the VP method can gradually reduce the reconstruction error and converges to the desired one by fabricating additional effective projections. When the mean square deviation of normal error superimposed on the simulated measured projections is smaller than 0.03, i.e., the signal-to-noise ratio（SNR）for the measured projections is higher than 30.4, the IVP method can further reduce the reconstruction error reached by the VP method apparently. In addition, as the regularization matrix in the Tikhonov regularization method is updated by an iterative correction process similar to the IVP method presented in this paper, or the Tikhonov regularization method is used in the IVP method, good improvement is achieved.

摘要：采用光路展开法,利用调制度与相位误差两种判据,分析平行转镜在转动过程中的晃动、平行转镜的平行度、定镜的倾斜误差以及视场角等因素对平行转镜式光谱仪误差容限的影响.分析表明:平行转镜的晃动是平行转镜式光谱仪最重要的影响因素,但由于平行转镜的连续快速转动,惯性的作用会显著降低转动过程中的晃动影响;系统对平行转镜的平行度不敏感,对定镜的倾斜与视场角的误差容限与传统迈克尔逊式光谱仪相同.相对于传统直线往复运动式的光谱仪,平行转镜式光谱仪具有更高的探测速度与稳定性.同时,误差容限分析也为该光谱仪的系统设计与装调提供了理论指导.

摘要：Use of multidisciplinary analysis in reliabilitybased design optimization(RBDO) results in the emergence of the important method of reliability-based multidisciplinary design optimization(RBMDO). To enhance the efficiency and convergence of the overall solution process,a decoupling algorithm for RBMDO is proposed ***, to decouple the multidisciplinary analysis using the individual disciplinary feasible(IDF) approach, the RBMDO is converted into a conventional form of RBDO. Secondly,the incremental shifting vector(ISV) strategy is adopted to decouple the nested optimization of RBDO into a sequential iteration process composed of design optimization and reliability analysis, thereby improving the efficiency significantly. Finally, the proposed RBMDO method is applied to the design of two actual electronic products: an aerial camera and a car pad. For these two applications, two RBMDO models are created, each containing several finite element models(FEMs) and relatively strong coupling between the involved disciplines. The computational results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

摘要：Different multidisciplinary design optimization （MDO） problems are formulated and compared. Two MDO formulations are applied to a sounding rocket in order to optimize the performance of the rocket. In the MDO of the referred vehicle, three disciplines have been considered, which are trajectory, propulsion and aerodynamics. A special design structure matrix is developed to assist data exchange between disciplines. This design process uses response surface method （RSM） for multidisciplinary optimization of the rocket. The RSM is applied to the design in two categories： the propulsion model and the system level. In the propulsion model, RSM determines an approximate mathematical model of the engine output parameters as a function of design variables. In the system level, RSM fits a surface of objective function versus design variables. In the first MDO problem formulation, two design variables are selected to form propulsion discipline. In the second one, three new design variables from geometry are added and finally, an optimization method is applied to the response surface in the system level in order to find the best result. Application of the first developed multidisciplinary design optimization procedure increased accessible altitude （performance index） of the referred sounding rocket by twenty five percents and the second one twenty nine.

摘要：Microfluidic device with patterned microstructures on the substrate surface was used to regulate cell adhesion,morphology,and functions in tissue *** developed a microfluidic device which employing microscale patterned microstructures to achieve enhanced cell adhesion and *** hydrogel substrates with micro-wavy and lattice-patterned microstructures were fabricated using standing surface acoustic waves and ultraviolet *** seeding the L929 mouse fibroblast cells onto the patterned substrate of the microfluidic device,we determined that the viability and proliferation rate of cell migration can be greatly ***,L929 cells showed two types of gathering modes after 48 h of *** growth was guided by the patterned substrate used in the microfluidic device and showed differences in the location ***,the developed microfluidic device with patterned microstructures can extend the application of in vitro cell culturing for future drug development and disease diagnosis.

摘要：MXene具有丰富的高电负性末端原子、较大的比表面积和较小的原子厚度等优点,已被用作前驱体制备多种纳米材料.然而,目前已报道的用于衍生金属有机框架(MOF)的MXene仅限于V_(2)CT_(x).因此,通过增加MXene和有机配体的种类,合理设计和合成新型MOF,并进一步深入探索其合成机理仍是目前面临的重要挑战.本文采用金属离子辅助转化策略,以二维Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)为前驱体,合成了具有非互穿SrSi2(srs)框架的基于儿茶酚的三维(3D)TiCu-HHTP(HHTP=2,3,6,7,10,11-六羟基三苯)MOF.该策略表现出了良好的普适性,Ti3C2和辅助Cu^(2+)离子可以扩展到V2C MXene和其他辅助金属离子Mn^(+)(M=Ni^(2+)、Co^(2+),Mn^(2+)和Zn^(2+)).转化机制包括从Ti3C2纳米片到辅助金属离子的电荷转移、Ti-C键断裂促进释放Ti^(4+)离子以及Ti^(4+)/Mn^(+)与HHTP之间的强螯合配位协同促进TiCu-HHTP的形成.独特的3D导电网络和丰富的氧化还原位点赋予了TiCu-HHTP-7/PPy复合柔性透明电极快速的离子/电子传输和可逆的法拉第反应.在0.02 mA cm^(-2)电流密度下,TiCu-HHTP/PPy透明电极的面积比电容值达到3.63 mF cm^(-2),明显高于纯PPy电极的面积电容值(1.79 mF cm^(-2)).TiCu-HHTP/PPy透明电容器在0.75μW cm^(-2)的功率密度下,能量密度为0.042μWh cm^(-2).

摘要：A total of 153 soil samples were collected from Changsha City, china, to analyze the contents of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn. A combination of sampling data, multivariate statistical method, geostatistical analysis, direct exposure method and triangulated irregular network （TIN） model was successfully employed to discriminate sources, simulate spatial distributions and evaluate children＇s health risks of heavy metals in soils. The results show that not all sites in Changsha city may be suitable for living without remediation. About 9.0% of the study area provided a hazard index （HI）1.0, and 1.9% had an HI2.0. Most high HIs were located in the southern and western areas. The element of arsenic and the pathway of soil ingestion were the largest contribution to potential health risks for children. This study indicates that we should attach great importance to the direct soil heavy metals exposure for children＇s health.

摘要：Organic persistent room-temperature phosphorescent(RTP)materials are promising for applications requiring the secure recording and anti-counterfeiting features owing to their appealing optical *** critical challenges,such as the difficulty to obtain high-quality patterns over large areas and low security levels,need to be addressed to meet the requirements for commercial ***,we prepared a series of quaternary phosphonium salts with different alkyl chains,which showed interesting organic persistent *** ionic characteristics and the alkyl chains of these molecules impart abundant weak intermolecular *** confers the molecules a high crystallinity,which helps to preserve the persistent RTP properties and cover large ***,the RTP lifetime of these organic salts varies over a wide range(1.27 to 884.71 ms)and can be tuned by simply changing the alkyl chain length and counterions,which opens new possibilities in multi-level information encryption *** is believed that the engineering of organic salts with tunable persistent RTP lifetimes and large-area printing can promote early-stage demonstrations of security applications into mature commercialization.

摘要：Activated carbon after saturated adsorption of EDTA was used as particle electrode in a three-dimensional electrode reactor to treat EDTA-containing *** method was used to regenerate activated carbon after many times of *** on the analysis of infrared spectra of activated carbon after adsorption and repeated electrolysis,EDTA was degraded into glycine,and then non-catalytic activated associated complex was formed with N—H bond on the activated *** catalytic ability of the activated carbon vanished and the EDTA degradation efficiency was *** carbon could be effectively regenerated by electrochemical method in the three-dimensional *** of electric current,conductivity and pH on activated carbon regeneration were investigated,and the optimum conditions were concluded as follows：100-300 mA of current intensity,1.39 mS/cm of electric conductivity,60 min of electrolysis time and pH *** the optimized conditions,the activity of the activated carbon can be recovered and the residual total organic carbon（TOC） was below 10 mg/L（the initial TOC was 200 mg/L） in the three-dimensional electrode reactor.