摘要：从介绍数字化产品开发技术及实施方法入手,研究了面向装配的设计、数字工艺生产规划与验证的理论方法和技术实现,提出了数字化产品开发与规划验证的体系结构,说明了规划验证过程和评价方法。基于并行工程的数字规划与验证方法能够促进工艺和生产规划,在早期确保产品的可制造性、可生产性和产品设计质量。最后,实现了汽车驾驶舱的数字装配仿真与工艺生产规划验证过程。

摘要：为了使更多盲人能受益于盲文书籍所伴随的插图,区别于传统的V图像(视觉图像),对设计适合触觉认知的T图像(触觉图像)提出新的设计原则.首先将242张常见物品的V图像制作为线条凸起的可触摸图片;然后邀请10位盲人被试和10位蒙眼明眼人被试通过触摸来尽量准确地命名这些线条图,并要求被试在触摸的过程中进行"出声思维";再根据被试对线条图的描述,提取22个可能影响二维线条图触觉识别的特征;最后以识别正确率作为图片识别难易程度的指标,使用随机森林算法进行了特征建模,并对所有特征进行单因素和多因素的回归分析.实验结果表明,通过随机森林算法建立的模型,可以基于图片中这些特征预测图片触觉识别的难易程度;通过多因素回归分析,提取出对触觉识别有显著影响力的几个重要特征,并用于指导T图像的设计.

摘要：满足灌水均匀度设计标准与额定流量的滴灌毛管管径优化设计是滴灌毛管水力设计的重要内容。该文以流量偏差率为灌水均匀度设计标准,提出一种简易的滴灌毛管管径水力设计方法。通过改变单向和双向滴灌毛管流量偏差率解析公式的形式,提出一个新的管径设计参数。基于能坡线法,建立参数与坡降比参数的关系,并绘制和构建相关图形和计算公式。结果表明：当流量指数分别取值为1.75、1.69和1.00时,单向毛管管径的设计参数取值分别为-1～≤2.801,-1～≤2.859和-1～≤4;双向毛管管径的设计参数取值分别为0～≤3.143,0～≤3.183和0～≤4。满足流量偏差率设计标准和灌水器额定流量时,单向毛管管径将有1或2个设计值,双向毛管管径将有1、2或多个设计值。根据参数的取值范围,以坡降比参数为设计变量,推导了均匀坡下单向和双向毛管管径的计算公式。此外,进一步简化了滴灌毛管进口工作水头的计算公式。当已知设计流量,流量偏差率设计标准,毛管管长等参数时,可以按照设计步骤直接计算滴灌毛管管径和进口工作水头,无需进行任何复杂的试算。设计案例1表明在多数地形条件下,利用该文方法设计单向毛管的结果与传统方法设计结果的相对误差不超过4%;设计案例2表明该文方法设计双向毛管的结果与其他2种常用方法设计结果的最大相对误差为4%。因此,从工程实践角度,利用该方法设计的滴灌毛管管径和进口工作水头与其他传统方法设计结果非常接近。相比于传统设计方法,该方法简便实用,可以直接应用于滴灌工程设计。该研究可为改进滴灌毛管优化设计提供理论依据。

摘要：The fight against cancer has witnessed the rapid develop・ment of various therapeutic methodologies,including chemotherapy,surgery,radiotherapy,phototherapy,and the emerging immunotherapy[1].However,malignancies evolve adaptive tolerance under the threatening conditions upon therapies because of some potential biological or genetic mutations,which may cause serious adverse events,compromised therapeutic efficacy and even treatment *** instance,following the standard chemotherapy with paclitaxel,primary breast cancer can release exosomes that facilitate the seeding and growth of metastatic cancer cells in distant organs[2].Therefore,the term"adaptive treatment tolerance"(ATT),rather than"drug resistance",has been employed to better describe the dynamic evolution of this phenomenon during/post cancer therapy.

摘要：针对装配的动态过程显著地表现出连续与离散共存的混杂特性,研究了面向虚拟装配的混杂系统建模以及控制器设计方法.提出了混杂基本结构对应于单个装配对象的建模方法,有效地避免了由于装配零部件过多给模型造成的复杂性.并在此基础上,运用最小干预安全控制器对装配过程中的不合法结构实施控制.最后以某汽车底盘总装中两个装配对象为例,给出了具体的动态描述及其建模和控制器设计,证明了该方法的可行性和有效性.

摘要：In the recent years,engineering new-to-nature CO_(2)-and C1-fixing metabolic pathways made a leap ***,artificial pathways promise higher yields and activity than natural ones like the Calvin-Benson-Bassham(CBB)*** question remains how to best predict their in vivo performance and what actually makes one pathway“better”than *** this context,we explore aerobic carbon fixation pathways by a computational approach and compare them based on their specific activity and yield on methanol,formate,and CO_(2)/H_(2)considering the kinetics and thermodynamics of the *** pathways found in nature or implemented in the laboratory,this included two completely new cycles with favorable features:the reductive citramalyl-CoA cycle and the 2-hydroxyglutarate-reverse tricarboxylic acid cycle.A comprehensive kinetic data set was collected for all enzymes of all pathways,and missing kinetic data were sampled with the Parameter Balancing *** and thermodynamic data were fed to the Enzyme Cost Minimization algorithm to check for respective inconsistencies and calculate pathway-specific *** specific activities of the reductive glycine pathway,the CETCH cycle,and the new reductive citramalyl-CoA cycle were predicted to match the best natural cycles with superior productsubstrate ***,the CBB cycle performed better in terms of activity compared to the alternative pathways than previously *** make an argument that stoichiometric yield is likely not the most important design criterion of the CBB ***,alternative carbon fixation pathways were paretooptimal for specific activity and product-substrate yield in simulations with C1 substrates and CO_(2)/H_(2)and therefore hold great potential for future applications in Industrial Biotechnology and Synthetic Biology.

摘要：We designed a sector bowtie nanoantenna integrated with a rectifier （Au-TiOx-Ti diode） for collect- ing infrared energy. The optical performance of the metallic bowtie nanoantenna was numerically investigated at infrared frequencies （5-30 μm） using three-dimensional frequency-domain electro- magnetic field calculation software based on the finite element method. The simulation results indi- cate that the resonance wavelength and local field enhancement are greatly affected by the shape and size of the bowtie nanoantenna, as well as the relative permittivity and conductivity of the dielectric layer. The output current of the rectified nano-rectenna is substantially at nanoampere magnitude with an electric field intensity of 1 V/m. Moreover, the power conversion efficiency for devices with three different substrates illustrates that a substrate with a larger refractive index yields a higher efficiency and longer infrared response wavelength. Consequently, the optimized structure can pro- vide theoretical support for the design of novel optical rectennas and fabrication of optoelectronic devices.

摘要：目的探讨汽车人机界面设计流程及方法。方法采用案例分析和理论框架构建的方法,提出了汽车内室软硬人机界面的整合设计框架。结果通过某电动车内室人机界面的设计案例,对内室造型和交互系统进行整合设计,并通过测试评估进行了优化和迭代。结论初步验证了该方法的有效性和可行性。

摘要：Multimodal documents combining language and graphs are wide-spread in print media as well as in electronic media. One of the most important tasks to be solved in comprehending graph-text combinations is construction of causal chains among the meaning entities provided by modalities. In this study we focus on the role of annotation position and shape of graph lines in simple line graphs on causal attributions concerning the event presented by the annotation and the processes （i.e, increases and decreases） and states （no-changes） in the domain value of the graphs presented by the process-lines and state-lines. Based on the experimental investigation of readers＇ inferences under different conditions, guidelines for the design of multimodal documents including text and statistical information graphics are suggested. One suggestion is that the position and the number of verbal annotations should be selected appropriately, another is that the graph line smoothing should be done cautiously.

摘要：A topology optimization method based on the solid isotropic material with penalization interpolation scheme is utilized for designing gradient coils for use in magnetic resonance *** the popular stream function method,the proposed method has design variables that are the distribution of conductive material.A voltage-driven transverse gradient coil is proposed to be used as micro-scale magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)gradient coils,thus avoiding introducing a coil-winding pattern and simplifying the coil *** proposed method avoids post-processing errors that occur when the continuous current density is approximated by discrete wires in the stream function *** feasibility and accuracy of the method are verified through designing the z-gradient and y-gradient coils on a cylindrical *** design results show that the proposed method can provide a new coil layout in a compact design space.