摘要：Engineers often need to look for the right pieces of information by sifting through long engineering documents, It is a very tiring and time-consuming job. To address this issue, researchers are increasingly devoting their attention to new ways to help information users, including engineers, to access and retrieve document content. The research reported in this paper explores how to use the key technologies of document decomposition （study of document structure）, document mark-up （with EXtensible Mark- up Language （XML）, HyperText Mark-up Language （HTML）, and Scalable Vector Graphics （SVG））, and a facetted classification mechanism. Document content extraction is implemented via computer programming （with Java）. An engineering Document Content Management System （EDCMS） developed in this research demonstrates that as information providers we can make document content in a more accessible manner for information users including engineers.The main features of the EDCMS system are： 1） EDCMS is a system that enables users, especially engineers, to access and retrieve information at content rather than document level. In other words, it provides the right pieces of information that answer specific questions so that engineers don＇t need to waste time sifting through the whole document to obtain the required piece of information. 2） Users can use the EDCMS via both the data and metadata of a document to access engineering document content. 3） Users can use the EDCMS to access and retrieve content objects, i.e. text, images and graphics （including engineering drawings） via multiple views and at different granularities based on decomposition schemes. Experiments with the EDCMS have been conducted on semi-structured documents, a textbook of CADCAM, and a set of project posters in the engineering Design domain. Experimental results show that the system provides information users with a powerful solution to access document content.

摘要：This paper provides a short overview of the time I spent as a member of the Applied Optics Group at the University of Kent （1985-1989） followed by a review of my research during my time at Cranfield University （1989 to date）.

摘要：采用原位固化/稳定化技术处理Yorkshire郡的重金属及有机物复合污染土.使用的材料包括水泥、粉煤灰、氧化镁及改性黏土等,选取固化/稳定化1.5年后的试样开展了无侧限抗压强度和浸出试验,研究了场地深度对固化/稳定化复合污染土的强度和浸出特性的影响.研究结果表明,各组分固化剂处理的污染土的无侧限抗压强度均满足英国设计规范限值,场地深度对修复后污染土强度的影响微弱;而浸出结果表明Cu,Zn和Pb均达到英国饮用水标准,部分Ni不达标;通过对比不同固化剂的处理效果发现改性黏土修复Ni效果好,但是其处理大分子有机物的能力未达预期.

摘要：目的:通过引入坡变换,揭示表面测量中形态学操作的本质。创新点:引入坡变换,将空间域的形态学膨胀操作转换为坡域的加法操作,揭示结构元素对表面轮廓坡度和曲率的改变。方法:1.基于坡变换理论,空间域的切膨胀操作对应于坡域的加法操作(图9);2.分析圆结构元素作用于正弦波和圆的理论解;3.用不同半径的圆结构元素作用于正弦波,分析切膨胀和经典膨胀的相同和不同之处。结论:1.坡变换将形态学操作从空间域转换到坡域,可获取类似于傅立叶变换将卷积操作从空间域转换到频域的分析能力;2.切膨胀操作为经典膨胀操作的上确界,但会产生重叠区域。

摘要：研究了固化/稳定化和软土加固两种土壤搅拌技术修复英国Yorkshire郡的重金属及有机物复合污染土的强度和浸出特性。使用的固化剂为氧化镁和高炉矿渣。选取现场固化/稳定化和软土加固处理后取回实验室分别养护1.5 a和1a的试样,开展了无侧限抗压强度和浸出试验,研究了场地深度对两种技术处理复合污染土的强度和浸出特性的影响。研究结果表明,氧化镁–高炉矿渣可以显著提升污染土强度,固化土无侧限抗压强度均值均超过英国的设计值350 kPa;浸出结果表明修复后除部分样中Ni不达标,Cu和Pb的浸出浓度均达到英国饮用水标准。氧化镁和高炉矿渣联合使用可以有效固化Ni。相较于软土加固技术,固化/稳定化技术修复污染土pH值更高、Ni浸出浓度和有机物浸出浓度更低,在固化重金属和有机物复合污染土方面效果更加显著。场地深度对修复后污染土的性质影响微弱。

摘要：Zinc-ion hybrid supercapacitors(ZHSs)are highly desirable for large-scale energy storage applications owing to the merits of high safety,low cost and ultra-long cycle *** poor rate performance of cathodes,however,severely hinders their ***,aqueous ZHSs with superior performance were fabricated by employing a series of ultrathin carbon nanobelts modified with B,N,O(CPTHBBx).The heteroatom doping can significantly modify the chemical behaviors of carbon frameworks,which could generate numerous active sites and accelerate the charge *** systematic investigation reveals that the B-N groups are active species for fast Zn-ion adsorption and *** a result,the best-performed CPTHB-B2 exhibits an excellent electrochemical performance as cathodes in ZHSs,delivering a high specific capacitance of 415.3 F g^(−1) at 0.5 A g^(−1),a record high capacitance retention of 81%when increasing the current densities from 0.5 to 100 A g^(−1),an outstanding energy density of 131.9 W h kg^(−1) and an exceptionally high power density of 42.1 kW kg^(−1).Our work provides a new cathode design for ultrafast charging Zn-ion storage devices.

摘要：Wounds pose a risk to the skin,our body's primary defence against *** rise of antibiotic resistance has prompted the development of novel ***-101^(■)is an antimicrobial gel that delivers therapeutic levels of hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)),a reactive oxygen species,directly to the wound *** this study,electrospinning was used to incorporate RO-101^(■)into a polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)sub-micron fibrous mesh that can act as a delivery agent,achieve a sustained release profile,and provide a barrier against *** incorporation of this gel into sub-micron fibres was confirmed via nuclear magnetic resonance ***,scanning electron microscopy exhibited smooth and uniform meshes with diameters in the 200-500 nm ***/RO-101 electrospun meshes generated H_(2)O_(2) in concentrations exceeding 1 m M/(g·m L)(1 m M=1 mmol/L)after 24 h,and the role of sterilisation on H_(2)O_(2) release was ***/RO-101meshes exhibited antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus(***)and Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa(***)bacteria,achieving viable count reductions of up to 1 log unit CFU/mm^(2)(CFU:colony-forming units).Moreover,these meshes were capable of disrupting biofilm formation,even against multidrug-resistant organisms such as methicillin-resistant ***(MRSA).Furthermore,increasing the RO-101^(■)concentration resulted in higher H_(2)O_(2) production and an enhanced antimicrobial effect,while fibroblast cell viability and proliferation tests showed a concentration-dependent response with high cytocompatibility at low RO-101^(■)*** study therefore demonstrates the potential of highly absorbent PVA/RO-101 meshes as potential antimicrobial wound dressings.

摘要：The therapeutic replacement of diseased tubular tissue is hindered by the availability and suitability of current donor, autologous and synthetically derived protheses. Artificially created, tissue engineered, constructs have the potential to alleviate these concerns with reduced autoimmune response, high anatomical accuracy, long-term patency and growth potential. The advent of 3D bioprinting technology has further supplemented the technological toolbox, opening up new biofabrication research opportunities and expanding the therapeutic potential of the field. In this review, we highlight the challenges facing those seeking to create artificial tubular tissue with its associated complex macro- and microscopic architecture. Current biofabrication approaches, including 3D printing techniques, are reviewed and future directions suggested.

摘要：Light-regulated gene expression systems allow controlling gene expression in space and time with high *** to previous synthetic light sensors that incorporate two-component systems which require localization at the plasma membrane,soluble one-component repression systems provide several advantageous ***,they are soluble and able to diffuse across the ***,they are smaller and of lower complexity,enabling less taxing expression and optimization of fewer ***,repression through steric hindrance is a widespread regulation mechanism that does not require specific interaction with host factors,potentially enabling implementation in different ***,we present the design of the synthetic promoter P_(EL)that in combination with the light-regulated dimer EL222 constitutes a onecomponent repression *** by previously engineered synthetic promoters and the Escherichia coli lacZYA promoter,we designed P_(EL)with two EL222 operators positioned to hinder RNA polymerase binding when EL222 is bound.P_(EL)is repressed by EL222 under conditions of white light with a light-regulated repression ratio of ***,alternating conditions of darkness and light in cycles as short as one hour showed that repression is *** design of the P_(EL)EL222 system herein presented could aid the design and implementation of analogous one-component optogenetic repression ***,we compare the P_(EL)-EL222 system with similar systems and suggest general improvements that could optimize and extend the functionality of EL222-based as well as other one-component repression systems.

摘要：Intercalation transition metal oxides (ITMO)have attracted great attention as lithium-ion battery negative electrodes due to high operation safety,high capacity and rapid ion ***,the intrinsic low electron conductivity plagues the lifetime and cell performance of the ITMO negative *** we design a new carbon-emcoating architecture through single CO_(2)activation treatment as demonstrated by the Nb_(2)O_(5)/C *** structure engineering of the carbon-emcoating Nb_(2)O_(5)/C nanohybrid is achieved in terms of porosity,composition,and crystallographic *** carbon-embedding Nb_(2)O_(5)/C nanohybrids show superior cycling and rate performance compared with the conventional carbon coating,with reversible capacity of 387 m A h g(-1)at 0.2 C and 92%of capacity retained after 500cycles at 1 *** electrochemical mass spectrometry(DEMS) indicates that the carbon emcoated Nb_(2)O_(5)nanohybrids present less gas evolution than commercial lithium titanate oxide during *** unique carbon-emcoating technique can be universally applied to other ITMO negative electrodes to achieve high electrochemical performance.