摘要：Sweat,as a biofluid with the potential for noninvasive collection,provides profound insights into human health conditions,because it contains various chemicals and information to be utilized for the monitoring of well-being,stress levels,exercise,and ***,wearable sweat sensors have been developed as a promising substitute to conventional laboratory sweat detection *** sensors are promising to realize low-cost,real-time,in situ sweat measurements,and provide great opportunities for health status evaluation analysis based on personalized big *** review first presents an overview of wearable sweat sensors from the perspective of basic components,including materials and structures for specific sensing applications and *** strategies and specific methods of the fabrication of wearable power management are also ***,current challenges and future directions of wearable sweat sensors are discussed.

摘要：光控质子传导在先进传感器和信息处理设备中有重要的应用前景.本文通过将吲哚菁绿(ICG)引入HSB-W5基体中,制备出一种利用光热转换实现光控质子传导性能的金属有机骨架(MOFs)薄膜(ICG@HSB-W5),并以此为基础构建了NOT、NAND和NOR逻辑门.ICG@HSB-W5薄膜的质子电导率是HSB-W5薄膜的25倍;而且该薄膜的质子电导率对激光具有高效快速的响应,开关比超过1000,可以形成不同的电导状态来构建逻辑门.在这个逻辑门系统中,808-和405-nm的激光作为输入信号,质子电导率作为输出信号.质子电导率作为一种电信号可根据实际需求调节阈值,也能方便地被接收和检测.本文为MOF基分子逻辑门的设计提供了一种新的途径并有助于质子逻辑门甚至更复杂的逻辑器件的发展.

摘要：Due to the conceptual clarity and calculational simplicity, practical methods for seismic analysis have been widely used in seismic design and calculation of underground structures. All of the commonly adopted practical methods assume that the earthquake inertia force of the analysis model equals that of free-field. However, this assumption neglects the influence of underground structures on their surrounding soil layers, and may lead to significant errors in both conceptual and computational terms when the size of a structure increases. This article focuses on the practical seismic analysis of large underground *** derivation is demonstrated on the basis of the establishment of mechanical models of the soil-structure system and free-field, and consequently, the quantitative relation between the seismic acceleration response of the soil-structure system and that of free-field is obtained. This relation can be used to revise the earthquake inertia force applied to the analysis model so that the calculation accuracy is effectively improved. By doing so, a revised pushover analysis method, which combines the traditional pushover analysis and theoretical derivation, is proposed in order to be appropriate to seismic analysis of large underground structures. Moreover, an example of application of the proposed method is given, in which a selected large underground structure is analyzed. The results show that this revised method has higher efficiency than the traditional method thanks to the revision of the earthquake inertia force.

摘要：类脑计算是后摩尔时代集成电路发展的重要方向,开发能够模拟理想突触行为的人工突触器件是构建神经元-突触-神经元连接方式的类脑计算芯片的关键.铁电薄膜材料具有独特的非易失性极化,极化的可塑性与生物突触的可塑性十分类似,因此铁电突触器件近年来受到了广泛关注.本文从器件突触功能模拟和类脑计算应用两个方面对铁电突触器件的研究进展进行了综述.结果表明,铁电突触器件具有两端和三端两种典型结构.除了能有效模拟生物突触功能,铁电突触器件还具有结构简单、功耗低、稳定性高、开关比大及编程速度快等优点.在应用层面,基于铁电突触的神经网络在图像识别方面的研究取得了一系列进展.此外铁电突触还被应用于触觉和视觉仿生.虽然取得了丰富的研究进展,但铁电突触器件目前仍停留在原理的提出和实验验证阶段,在突触性能调控机理、可靠性评价标准、阵列结构优化设计、高密度集成工艺、神经形态计算架构设计、新颖应用场景拓展等方面的研究都存在不小的挑战,这些也是未来铁电突触研究所要聚焦的方向.

摘要：On the basis of the microstructure of the cross-section of a beetle's elytra,three bio-inspired lightweight structures were designed and built from acrylonitrile butadiene styrene plastic with a three-dimensional *** mechanical properties of three lightweight structures were analyzed and compared employing the finite element method,and quasi-static compression experiments and a three-point bending test on the structure samples were carried out using an electronic universal testing machine to verify the effectiveness of the finite element *** results show that all three bio-structures were lightweight and had excellent mechanical *** particular,the bio-structure with spherical holes and hollow columns perpendicular to the top and bottom surfaces best imitated the microstructure of the cross-section of the Cybister elytra and had the greatest specific strength/stiffness in compression and ***,a preliminary optimization design was obtained for this bio-structure to further improve its specific strength and specific stiffness to 31.82 kN m/kg and 108.73 kN m 2 /kg respectively.

摘要：In the context of the current serious problems related to energy demand and climate change,substantial progress has been made in developing a sustainable energy *** hydrogen-water conversion is an ideal energy system that can produce fuels via sustainable,fossil-free ***,the energy conversion efficiency of two functioning technologies in this energy system—namely,water electrolysis and the fuel cell—still has great scope for *** review analyzes the energy dissipation of water electrolysis and the fuel cell in the hydrogen-water energy system and discusses the key barriers in the hydrogen-and oxygen-involving reactions that occur on the catalyst *** means of the scaling relations between reactive intermediates and their apparent catalytic performance,this article summarizes the frameworks of the catalytic activity trends,providing insights into the design of highly active electrocatalysts for the involved reactions.A series of structural engineering methodologies(including nano architecture,facet engineering,polymorph engineering,amorphization,defect engineering,element doping,interface engineering,and alloying)and their applications based on catalytic performance are then introduced,w让h an emphasis on the rational guidance from previous theoretical and experimental *** key scientific problems in the electrochemical hydrogen-water conversion system are outlined,and future directions are proposed for developing advanced catalysts for technologies with high energy-conversion efficiency.

摘要：Images are widely used by companies to advertise their products and promote awareness of their *** automatic synthesis of advertising images is challenging because the advertising message must be clearly conveyed while complying with the style required for the product,brand,or target *** this study,we proposed a data-driven method to capture individual design attributes and the relationships between elements in advertising images with the aim of automatically synthesizing the input of elements into an advertising image according to a specified *** achieve this multi-format advertisement design,we created a dataset containing 13280 advertising images with rich annotations that encompassed the outlines and colors of the elements,in addition to the classes and goals of the *** our probabilistic models,users guided the style of synthesized advertisements via additional constraints(e.g.,context-based keywords).We applied our method to a variety of design tasks,and the results were evaluated in several perceptual studies,which showed that our method improved users’satisfaction by 7.1%compared to designs generated by nonprofessional students,and that more users preferred the coloring results of our designs to those generated by the color harmony model and Colormind.

摘要：Fractional order proportional-integral-derivative(FOPID) controller generalizes the standard PID controller. Compared to PID controller, FOPID controller has more parameters and the tuning of parameters is more complex. In this paper, an improved artificial bee colony algorithm, which combines cyclic exchange neighborhood with chaos(CNC-ABC), is proposed for the sake of tuning the parameters of FOPID controller. The characteristic of the proposed CNC-ABC exists in two folds: one is that it enlarges the search scope of the solution by utilizing cyclic exchange neighborhood techniques, speeds up the convergence of artificial bee colony algorithm(ABC). The other is that it has potential to get out of local optima by exploiting the ergodicity of chaos. The proposed CNC-ABC algorithm is used to optimize the parameters of the FOPID controller for an automatic voltage regulator(AVR) system. Numerical simulations show that the CNC-ABC FOPID controller has better performance than other FOPID and PID controllers.

摘要：Pushover analysis is common because of its conceptual simplicity and computational attractiveness in computing seismic *** that traditional pushover analysis is restricted in underground structures due to the stark differences in the seismic response characteristics of surface structures,this paper proposes a pushover analysis method for underground structures and its application in seismic damage ***,three types of force distribution are presented based on ground response ***,the target displacements and analysis models are established according to force-based and performance-based ***,the pushover analysis procedure for underground structures is ***,the applicability of pushover analysis to underground structures is verified by comparing the responses of a Chongwenmen subway station determined by the proposed procedure and by nonlinear response history *** addition,two other points are made:that the inverted triangular distribution of effective earthquake acceleration is more practical than the other two distributions,and that performance-based design is more effective than force-based ***,a cyclic reversal loading pattern based on one cycle of reversal loads as an earthquake event is presented and applied to the seismic damage assessment of underground *** results show that the proposed pushover analysis can be effectively applied to the seismic design and damage assessment of underground structures.

摘要：海洋表面温度(sea surface temperature,SST)对气候有着很大影响,但其所具有的非线性、无明显周期、强随机性等特点,给SST预测分析带来了很大的困难。本文将互补集合经验模态分解(complementary ensemble empirical mode decomposition,CEEMD)与支持向量机(support vector machine,SVM)相结合来研究对海洋表面温度异常(SSTA)的预报,并从预报准确性、可预报时长、不同起报时间对预报精度影响等方面设计了多组数值实验。实验结果显示CEEMDSVM方法预测12个月SSTA的效果较好,平均绝对误差在0.3°C左右,相关系数达到了0.85,而且试验中未出现春季预报障碍问题。