摘要：The problems associated with vibrations of viaducts and low-frequency structural noise radiation caused by train excitation continue to increase in importance.A new floating-slab track vibration isolator-non-obstructive particle damping-phononic crystal vibration isolator is proposed herein,which uses the particle damping vibration absorption technology and bandgap vibration control *** vibration reduction performance of the NOPD-PCVI was analyzed from the perspective of vibration *** paper explores the structure-borne noise reduction performance of the NOPD-PCVIs installed on different bridge structures under varying service conditions encountered in practical engineering *** load transferred to the bridge is obtained from a coupled train-FST-bridge analytical model considering the different structural parameters of *** vibration responses are obtained using the finite element method,while the structural noise radiation is simulated using the frequency-domain boundary element *** the particle swarm optimization algorithm,the parameters of the NOPD-PCVI are optimized so that its frequency bandgap matches the dominant bridge structural noise frequency *** noise reduction performance of the NOPD-PCVIs is compared to the steel-spring isolation under different service conditions.

摘要：Based on the building principle of additive manufacturing,printing orientation mainly determines the tribological properties of joint *** this study,we created a polyether-ether-ketone(PEEK)joint prosthesis using fused filament fabrication and investigated the effects of printing orientation on its tribological properties using a pin-on-plate tribometer in 25% newborn calf *** ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene transfer film is formed on the surface of PEEK due to the mechanical capture of wear debris by the 3D-printed groove morphology,which is significantly impacted by the printing orientation of *** the printing orientation was parallel to the sliding direction of friction,the number and size of the transfer film increased due to higher steady *** transfer film protected the matrix and reduced the friction coefficient and wear rate of friction pairs by 39.13%and 74.33%,***,our findings provide a novel perspective regarding the role of printing orientation in designing knee prostheses,facilitating its practical applications.

摘要：Conventional blood sampling for glucose detection is prone to cause pain and fails to continuously record glucose fluctuations in *** glucose monitoring based on implantable electrodes could induce pain and potential tissue inflammation,and the presence of reactive oxygen species(ROS)due to inflammationmay affect glucose *** technology is less invasive,yet microneedle adhesion with skin tissue is *** this work,we developed a microarrow sensor array(MASA),which provided enhanced skin surface adhesion and enabled simultaneous detection of glucose and H_(2)O_(2)(representative of ROS)in interstitial fluid in *** microarrows fabricated via laser micromachining were modified with functional coating and integrated into a patch of a three-dimensional(3D)microneedle *** to the arrow tip mechanically interlocking with the tissue,the microarrow array could better adhere to the skin surface after penetration into *** MASA was demonstrated to provide continuous in vivo monitoring of glucose and H_(2)O_(2) concentrations,with the detection of H_(2)O_(2) providing a valuable reference for assessing the inflammation ***,the MASA was integrated into a monitoring system using custom *** work provides a promising tool for the stable and reliable monitoring of blood glucose in diabetic patients.

摘要：Exclusive responsiveness to ultraviolet light (~3.2 eV) and high photogenerated charge recombination rate are the two primary drawbacks of pure TiO_(2). We combined N-doped graphene quantum dots (N-GQDs), morphology regulation, and heterojunction construction strategies to synthesize N-GQD/N-doped TiO_(2)/P-doped porous hollow g-C_(3)N_(4) nanotube (PCN) composite photocatalysts (denoted as G-TPCN). The optimal sample (G-TPCN doped with 0.1wt% N-GQD, denoted as 0.1% G-TPCN) exhibits significantly enhanced photoabsorption, which is attributed to the change in bandgap caused by elemental doping (P and N), the improved light-harvesting resulting from the tube structure, and the upconversion effect of N-GQDs. In addition, the internal charge separation and transfer capability of0.1% G-TPCN are dramatically boosted, and its carrier concentration is 3.7, 2.3, and 1.9 times that of N-TiO_(2), PCN, and N-TiO_(2)/PCN(TPCN-1), respectively. This phenomenon is attributed to the formation of Z-scheme heterojunction between N-TiO_(2) and PCNs, the excellent electron conduction ability of N-GQDs, and the short transfer distance caused by the porous nanotube structure. Compared with those of N-TiO_(2), PCNs, and TPCN-1, the H2 production activity of 0.1%G-TPCN under visible light is enhanced by 12.4, 2.3, and 1.4times, respectively, and its ciprofloxacin (CIP) degradation rate is increased by 7.9, 5.7, and 2.9 times, respectively. The optimized performance benefits from excellent photoresponsiveness and improved carrier separation and migration efficiencies. Finally, the photocatalytic mechanism of 0.1% G-TPCN and five possible degradation pathways of CIP are proposed. This study clarifies the mechanism of multiple modification strategies to synergistically improve the photocatalytic performance of 0.1% G-TPCN and provides a potential strategy for rationally designing novel photocatalysts for environmental remediation and solar energy conversion.

摘要：蚯蚓在狭窄受限环境中具有良好的移动性,但其在运动过程中与地面的三轴反作用力还未被深入研究.本文探讨了蚯蚓在直线运动过程中的三轴地反力特征及其对机器人建模的影响.具体地,本研究设计了一个基于应变片的三轴微型测力板来测量蚯蚓(***)在直线运动时的三轴地反力.通过建立地反力的时间历程与运动视频的对应关系,将蚯蚓的周期性运动划分为三个阶段,并从蚯蚓身体变形的角度解析了地反力在三个阶段的力学特征.本研究还对蚯蚓的地反力特征进行了统计分析,并建立了蚯蚓直线运动过程的阻力系数模型.以此为基础,本文还提出了与机器人节段/单元变形相关的阻力系数模型,为离散型和连续型仿蚯蚓机器人的动力学建模提供基础.本研究首次对蚯蚓运动过程中的mN级三轴地反力进行了测量、分析和建模,研究结果对蚯蚓运动生物力学、仿蚯蚓移动机器人设计和机器人-环境接触界面调控等具有重要的指导意义.

摘要：3μm波段中红外激光处于大气传输窗口,又可以作为基础光源,是激光技术研究的前沿。目前,铒离子激活的激光晶体材料是产生3μm中红外激光的重要途径之一。然而,Er3+离子4I11/2激光上能级荧光寿命较短,下能级4I13/2的寿命较长,难以实现粒子数反转,导致自终止现象。为了解决这一难题,往往需要高浓度掺杂,通过能量传递降低4I13/2能级的寿命。然而高浓度掺杂又会造成晶体热性能变差,限制了掺Er3+激光晶体效率和功率。三阶铒离子容易在氟化物晶体中形成团簇,导致稀土离子间距缩短,即使在低掺杂浓度下稀土离子之间的能量传递作用仍较为显著。同时,低浓度掺杂还可以减轻激光运转下晶体的热堆积效应。掺铒氟化物晶体已成为一类重要的高功率、高效率中红外激光材料。然而,掺铒氟化物晶体的光谱性能与铒离子团簇结构之间的相互联系尚不明确,制约了掺铒氟化物晶体光谱和激光性能的进一步发展。本文采用第一性原理计算模拟了铒离子在CaF_(2)、SrF_(2)和PbF_(2)晶体中的团簇结构。结果显示,铒离子团簇结构随基质晶体变化逐渐演变。结合模拟计算和实验表征定性揭示了不同晶体离子团簇与光谱性能的联系,为掺铒氟化物中红外激光晶体材料的调控与设计提供参考。

摘要：Traditional tumor models do not tend to accurately simulate tumor growth in vitro or enable personalized treatment and are particularly unable to discover more beneficial targeted *** address this,this study describes the use of threedimensional(3D)bioprinting technology to construct a 3D model with human hepatocarcinoma SMMC-7721 cells(3DP-7721)by combining gelatin methacrylate(GelMA)and poly(ethylene oxide)(PEO)as two immiscible aqueous phases to form a bioink and innovatively applying fluorescent carbon quantum dots for long-term tracking of *** GelMA(10%,mass fraction)and PEO(1.6%,mass fraction)hydrogel with 3:1 volume ratio offered distinct pore-forming characteristics,satisfactorymechanical properties,and biocompatibility for the creation of the 3DP-7721 *** analysis and quantitative real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction(PCR)were used to evaluate the biological properties of the *** with the two-dimensional culture cell model(2D-7721)and the 3D mixed culture cell model(3DM-7721),3DP-7721 significantly improved the proliferation of cells and expression of tumor-related proteins and ***,we evaluated the differences between the three culture models and the effectiveness of antitumor drugs in the three models and discovered that the efficacy of antitumor drugs varied because of significant differences in resistance proteins and genes between the three *** addition,the comparison of tumor formation in the three models found that the cells cultured by the 3DP-7721 model had strong tumorigenicity in nude *** evaluation of the levels of biochemical indicators related to the formation of solid tumors showed that the 3DP-7721 model group exhibited pathological characteristics of malignant tumors,the generated solid tumors were similar to actual tumors,and the deterioration was *** research therefore acts as a foundation for the application of 3DP-7721 models in drug devel

摘要：中国科学院近代物理研究所正在研发第四代ECR(电子回旋共振)离子源FECR(first 4th generation ECR ion source).以20 kW/45 GHz微波加热运行为目标,需要研制Nb_(3)Sn超导磁体以实现对所加热等离子体的有效磁场约束.作为首台采用Nb_(3)Sn超导磁体技术的ECR离子源,FECR的主磁场线圈由4套独立的轴向螺线管线圈与1套径向六极线圈所构成,且均采用单股Nb_(3)Sn线绕制而成,这给线圈的加工、冷体装配、磁体的失超保护等环节带来一系列挑战.为使磁体能在高场、高应力作用下安全稳定运行,项目采用基于铝壳体结构与bladder&key的预紧应力控制技术,完成了一套半尺寸冷体样机的研发.该样机已完成4.2 K低温测试.本项研究的核心关键问题与挑战是如何在复杂的高精度机械装配与高电流强磁场励磁过程中实现对易碎Nb_(3)Sn导线的有效保护.本篇文章中,我们将阐述如何设计、研制、装配及测试工作于复杂磁场与应力环境的高性能Nb_(3)Sn六极磁铁.针对于单个六极线圈的测试,我们设计研发了一种称为“Mirror”结构的测试工装.论文中会详细论述基于壳层结构与bladder&key的装配预紧技术在半尺寸样机上的应用效果.同时,论文对在半尺寸样机上观察到的强烈磁通跳跃现象和它对失超探测保护的严峻挑战问题及相关解决或规避方案进行相关论述.

摘要：Bone screws are devices used to fix implants or bones to ***,conventional screws are mechanically fixed with thread and often face long-term failure due to poor *** improve osseointegration,screws are evolving from solid and smooth to porous and *** manufacturing(AM)offers a high degree of manufacturing freedom,enabling the preparation of predesigned screws that are porous and *** paper provides an overview of the problems currently faced by bone screws:long-term loosening and screw ***,advances in osseointegrated screws are summarized hierarchically(sub-micro,micro,and macro).At the sub-microscale level,we describe surface-modification techniques for enhancing *** the micro level,we summarize the micro-design parameters that affect the mechanical and biological properties of porous osseointegrated screws,including porosity,pore size,and pore *** addition,we highlight three promising pore shapes:triply periodic minimal surface,auxetic structure with negative Poisson ratio,and the Voronoi *** the macro level,we outline the strategies of graded design,gradient design,and topology optimization design to improve the mechanical strength of porous osseointegrated ***,this paper outlines advances in AM technology for enhancing the mechanical properties of porous osseointegrated *** osseointegrated screws with hierarchical design are expected to provide excellent long-term fixation and the required mechanical strength.

摘要：过渡金属氧化物具有丰富的功能性,但其错综复杂的内部自由度对相图绘制和结构设计提出了挑战.本文中,我们引入了描述相图物理起源的轨道能级序(ELO),并通过对La_(0.67)Sr_(0.33)MnO_(3)(LSMO)氧化物的研究证明了其在相图预测中的有效性.结合DFT计算和实验,我们构建了氧含量和应变关联的LSMO相图,结果表明LSMO结构稳定性与ELO密切相关.据此发现了一种由ELO演化而产生的四倍氧有序相.最后,我们提出了描述轨道分裂程度的轨道弹性定律,阐明了ELO演化的起源,助力功能氧化物的设计.这项研究拓宽了材料科学领域的性能调控手段,并为从轨道角度预测相图提供了思路.