摘要：Aiming to resolve the problem that conventional sewage source heat pump systems cannot satisfy heat peak loads of buildings,a new idea that the freezing latent heat is exacted as the auxiliary heat source at the peak heat load is ***,on the basis of sewage characteristics,a freezing latent heat exchanger is developed to safely eliminate ice,continuously extract heat and remove sewage soft-dirt.A reasonable form of the urban sewage source heat pump system with freezing latent heat collection is ***,the feasibility of the system is theoretically *** calculation results under typical operating conditions show that the heating ability of the new system is higher than that of the conventional one and the ratio of these two highest heating rates is between 4.5 and 8.7,which proves that the new system has great application potential in cold regions.

摘要：导电陶瓷的物理性能由连续的导电基体所决定,调控困难.在这项研究中,通过在陶瓷基体中引入hBN薄片,成功实现了导电陶瓷力学和物理性能各向异性的调控.以包含TiN、Al、硼和hBN的混合粉末为原料,通过放电等离子烧结制备了两种hBN含量不同的导电TiB_(2)-AlNhBN陶瓷.在垂直于烧结压力的方向上,TiB_(2)-AlN-60vol%hBN陶瓷在室温下的弯曲强度、断裂韧性、电导率和热导率分别为151±6.34MPa、2.62±0.31MPam^(1/2)、5.3×10^(5)S m^(−1)和77.87Wm^(-1)K^(-1).而在平行于烧结压力的方向上,室温电导率和热导率分别降低到2.0×10^(5)S m^(−1)和32.25Wm^(-1)K^(-1).这些差异是通过在导电基体中加入少量额外排列的hBN薄片而产生的,为材料选择和设计提供了新的机会.

摘要：A case study is performed on the influence of the patio on the indoor environment of a traditional folk house group,named Zhangguying village in Hunan province,in the summer of *** include indoor and outdoor air temperature,indoor and outdoor illuminance,indoor and outdoor air speed,and carried out from August 5th to *** results show that the patio,acting as a ＂buffer zone＂,can reduce the ambient impacts on the indoor thermal environment of rooms because the temperature of the patio is lower than that of the outdoor temperature but higher than that of the *** patio can improve the indoor lighting environment because the illuminance of the patio is lower than that of outdoor and higher than that of the *** the effect is too limited,because the illuminance of the rooms is lower than the national *** study shows that the shading design is the primary consideration in this kind of *** wind speed of the patio is stable and similar to that of the hall and the stack effect of the patio is not *** shows that the patio is useful for natural ventilation,caused by wind pressure,in summer.

摘要：Aiming at the problems of the traditional method of assessing distribution of particle size in bench blasting, a support vector machines （SVMs） regression methodology was used to predict the mean particle size （X50） resulting from rock blast fragmentation in various mines based on the statistical learning theory. The data base consisted of blast design parameters, explosive parameters, modulus of elasticity and in-situ block size. The seven input independent variables used for the SVMs model for the prediction of X50 of rock blast fragmentation were the ratio of bench height to drilled burden （H/B）, ratio of spacing to burden （S/B）, ratio of burden to hole diameter （B/d）, ratio of stemming to burden （T/B）, powder factor （Pf）, modulus of elasticity （E） and in-situ block size （XB）. After using the 90 sets of the measured data in various mines and rock formations in the world for training and testing, the model was applied to 12 another blast data for validation of the trained support vector regression （SVr） model. The prediction results of SVr were compared with those of artificial neural network （ANN）, multivariate regression analysis （MVrA） models, conventional Kuznetsov method and the measured X50 values. The proposed method shows promising results and the prediction accuracy of SVMs model is acceptable.

摘要：Micro-supercapacitors（MSCs） have emerged as one competitive candidate of high-performance, flexible, safe,portable and wearable energy storage devices. However, improving their electrochemical performance from electrode materials to assembled devices still remains huge ***, we for the first time synthesized two-dimensional（2d）,ultrathin, mesoporous polypyrrole-based graphene nanosheets uniformly anchored with redox polyoxometalate（mPPy@rGO-POM） by soft template approach. Further, using a layer-by-layer deposition and mask-assisted technique, the compactly stacked and sandwich-like hybrid film（mPGM）based on pseudocapacitive mPPy@rGO-POM nano sheets and electrochemically exfoliated graphene was directly fabricated as binder-and additive-free interdigital electrodes for all-solid-state planar micro-supercapacitors（mPGM-MSCs）. Notably, the resulted mPGM-MSCs exhibited outstanding areal capacitance（115 mF cm^-2）, remarkably enhanced volumetric capacitance（137 F cm^-3 at 1 mV s^-1） in comparison with MSCs based on the films of mPPy@rGO without POM anchoring（95 F cm^-3）, and non-porous polypyrrole-graphene（68 F cm^-3）.Further, mPGM-MSCs disclosed robust mechanical flexibility with ～96% of capacitance retention at a highly bending angle of 180°, and impressive parallel or serial interconnection for boosting capacitance or voltage output. As a consequence, our proposed strategy of filling the redox species into mesoporous graphene and other 2d nanosheets will open up new ways to manufacture high-compact and flexible energy storage devices ranging from supercapacitors to batteries.

摘要：为了建立一个面向用户、设计师、工程师和决策者的产品设计知识协同信息管理平台,有效利用案例中的设计知识,提出一种案例驱动的协同设计知识管理模型,该模型通过分析新产品开发中用户、决策者、设计师和工程师之间的设计知识流通模式,建立了基于案例的知识协同与信息交互过程的映射模型,提出了基于Markov模型的设计知识提取方法,构建了案例驱动的协同设计知识管理框架,并以软件形式实现。案例驱动的协同设计知识管理模型将已有领域案例的设计知识引入新项目设计问题的设计求解中,新产品设计开发和过程管理所需的所有设计信息均可通过领域案例设计知识库进行实时地设计知识获取、重用和进化,直至完成整个设计项目。以某品牌起重机造型设计方案在案例驱动协同设计知识管理软件平台上的具体应用为例进行验证,证明了所提模型的可行性和合理性。

摘要：The permafrost region is one of the most sensitive areas to climate *** global warming,the Mongolian Plateau permafrost is rapidly degrading,and its vegetation ecosystem is seriously *** address this challenge,it is essential to understand the impact of climate change on vegetation at different permafrost degradation stages on the Mongolian *** on the general permafrost distribution,in this study,we divided different permafrost regions and explored the response of vegetation to climate change at different stages of permafrost degradation by the idea of“space instead of time”from 2014 to *** results of the study showed that:(1)Normalized difference vegetation index(NdVI)values showed a decreasing trend,and the proportion of the decreasing region was in the order of sporadic permafrost region>isolated and sparse permafrost region>continuous and discontinuous permafrost regions.(2)The main controlling factors of vegetation growth in permafrost regions are different,air temperature is the main controlling factor of vegetation growth in isolated and sparse permafrost region(r=-0.736)and sporadic permafrost regions(r=-0.522),and precipitation is the main controlling factor of vegetation growth in continuous and discontinuous permafrost region(r=-0.498).(3)The response of NdVI to climate change varies at different stages of permafrost *** the early stages of permafrost degradation,increased land surface temperature(LST)and air temperature favored vegetation growth and increased vegetation cover,whereas increased precipitation impeded vegetation growth;as the permafrost degraded,increased LST and air temperature impeded vegetation growth,whereas increased precipitation promoted vegetation growth.

摘要：Magnetic field gradient tensor technique provides abundant data for delicate inversion of subsurface magnetic susceptibility distribution. Large scale magnetic data inversion imaging requires high speed and accuracy for forward modeling. For arbitrarily distributed susceptibility data on an undulated surface, we propose a fast 3d forward modeling method in the wavenumber domain based on(1) the wavenumber-domain expression of the prism combination model and the Gauss–FFT algorithm and(2) cubic spline interpolation. We apply the proposed 3d forward modeling method to synthetic data and use weighting coefficients in the wavenumber domain to improve the modeling for multiple observation surfaces, and also demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method.

摘要：The well-known tradeoff between strength and ductility is a key issue in the large-scale engineering application of steel materials to resist fatigue due to earthquakes and other vibrational *** steel production industry provides a vast range of technologies to achieve the desired *** experimental research,it was found that FeCrNi-based high-ductility steel(Hd-S)can demonstrate remarkable hysteresis behavior due to extensive deformation capacity of strain-hardening until the ultimate fracture,compared to industrially manufactured high-strength steel(HS-S)with the level of 1 GPa in yield *** balance between strength and ductility can be realized by slightly adding the percentage of Ni by 5%to achieve a ductile hysteresis ***,the Hd-S specimens exhibit greater resistance to low-cycle fatigue with large plastic *** developing a new damage evolution law based on instantaneous damage differential during nonstationary fatigue history,the fatigue life of materials is extended into the inelastic hinges of flexural beams/origami *** proposed approach enables the fatigue design of steel structural components with desirable disaster-prevention capacities for complex steel structures.

摘要：二维过渡金属硫族化合物(TMdCs)材料被认为是拓展摩尔定律的极具前景的候选材料.然而,该材料的低光致发光效率严重限制了其实际应用,其本质源于材料制备中不可避免引入的缺陷.在本文中,我们报道了一种Sr掺杂单层MoS_(2)的有效缺陷工程策略,该策略在实验上通过简便的化学气相沉积(CVd)一步法成功实现.所制备的具有亚毫米(~324μm)级的大尺寸样品的光致发光可实现高达两个数量级的增强,并伴随着载流子寿命的显著增强.这一现象主要归因于Sr掺杂后MoS_(2)体系中其三激子向激子转换.与此同时,掺杂样品的辐射质量和稳定性也显著提升.第一性原理计算进一步阐明了其调控机制,即在MoS_(2)中引入适当互补缺陷能级与其自身的缺陷能级协同,从而可调节其载流子组分,以实现光致发光的显著增强.此外,我们的缺陷工程策略也适用于其他掺杂剂,如钙掺杂剂.我们的工作报告了一种可以显著提升单层MoS_(2)的荧光性能的有效缺陷工程策略,这为设计和调控二维TMdCs的光电特性提供一种极具前途的方法.