摘要：With various exascale systems in different countries planned over the next three to five years, developing application software for such unprecedented computing capabilities and parallel scaling becomes a major challenge. In this study, we start our discussion with the current 125-Pflops Sunway TaihuLight system in china and its related application challenges and solutions. Based on our current experience with Sunway TaihuLight, we provide a projection into the next decade and discuss potential challenges and possible trends we would probably observe in future high performance computing software.

摘要：Ge2 Sb2 Te5 is the most widely utilized chalcogenide phase-change material for non-volatile photonic applications,which undergoes amorphous-cubic and cubic-hexagonal phase transition under external ***,the cubic-hexagonal optical contrast is negligible,only the amorphous-cubic phase transition of Ge_(2)Sb_(2)Te_(5) is *** limits the optical switching states of traditional active displays and absorbers to *** find that increasing structural disorder difference of cubic-hexagonal can increase optical contrast close to the level of ***,an amorphous-cubichexagonal phase transition with high optical contrast is *** this phase transition,we have developed display and absorber with three distinct switching states,improving the switching performance by 50%.Through the combination of first-principle calculations and experiments,we reveal that the key to increasing structural disorder difference of amorphous,cubic and hexagonal phases is to introduce small interstitial impurities(like N)in Ge2 Sb2 Te5,rather than large substitutional impurities(like Ag)previously *** is explained by the formation energy and lattice *** on the impurity atomic radius,interstitial site radius and formation energy,C and B are also potential suitable *** addition,introducing interstitial impurities into phase-change materials with van der Waals gaps in stable phase such as GeSb_(4) Te_(7),GeSb_(2) Te_(4),Ge_(3)Sb_(2) Te_(6),Sb_(2)Te_(3) will produce high optical contrast amorphous-metastable-stable phase *** research not only reveals the important role of interstitial impurities in increasing the optical contrast between metastable-stable phases,but also proposes varieties of candidate matrices and *** provides new phase-change materials and design methods for non-volatile optical devices with multi-switching states.

摘要：Poly methyl methacrylate(PMMA)bone cement is used in augmenting and stabilizing fractured vertebral bodies through percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP)and percutaneous kyphoplasty(PKP).However,applications of PMMA bone cement are limited by the high elasticity modulus of PMMA,its low biodegradability,and its limited ability to regenerate *** improve PMMA bio activity and biodegradability and to modify its elasticity modulus,we mixed PMMA bone cement with oxidized hyaluronic acid and carboxymethyl chitosan in situ cross-linking hydrogel loaded with bone morphogenetic protein-2(BMP-2)to achieve novel hybrid *** fabric ated PMMA-hydrogel hybrid cements exhibited lower setting temperatures,a lower elasticity modulus,and better biodegradability and biocompatibility than that of pure PMMA cement,while retaining acceptable setting times,mechanical strength,and inj *** addition,we detected release of BMP-2 from the PMMA-hydrogel hybrid cements,significantly enhancing in vitro osteogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by up-regulating the gene expression of runx2,Coll,and *** of PMMA-hydrogel hybrid cements loaded with BMP-2 on rabbit femoral condyle bone-defect models revealed their biodegradability and enhanced bone *** study demonstrated the favorable mechanical properties,biocompatibility,and biodegradability of fabricated PMMA-hydrogel hybrid cements loaded with BMP-2,as well as their ability to improve osteogenesis,making them a promising material for use in PKP and PVP.

摘要：强化战略科技力量是实现科技自立自强的关键。我国新冠病毒疫苗研发取得阶段性胜利与国家战略科技力量有着密不可分的关系。文章从国内外新冠病毒疫苗研发现状入手,通过分析我国新冠病毒疫苗研发科研攻关的成功经验,进一步深入思考和探索我国战略科技力量的使命定位、顶层设计、强化方式,并就进一步强化我国战略科技力量提出相应的政策建议。

摘要：Artificial intelligence(AI)is the core technology of technological revolution and industrial *** one of the new intelligent needs in the AI 2.0 era,financial intelligence has elicited much attention from the academia and *** our current dynamic capital market,financial intelligence demonstrates a fast and accurate machine learning capability to handle complex data and has gradually acquired the potential to become a'financial brain.'In this paper,we survey existing studies on financial ***,we describe the concept of financial intelligence and elaborate on its position in the financial technology ***,we introduce the development of financial intelligence and review state-of-the-art techniques in wealth management,risk management,financial security,financial consulting,and ***,we propose a research framework called FinBrain and summarize four open issues,namely,explainable financial agents and causality,perception and prediction under uncertainty,risk-sensitive and robust decision-making,and multi-agent game and mechanism *** believe that these research directions can lay the foundation for the development of AI 2.0 in the finance field.

摘要：The precision seeding technique has been developed at full speed along with the continuous development of new agricultural technologies,especially those concerning cultivated *** seed-metering device is the key component of a precision seeder.A ground wheel is used to drive the seed-metering device of the conventional direct ***,the wheel bears high resistance and easily ***,the adjustment of the precision seeder’s seeding rate is more *** order to solve these problems,a control system which could keep the rotational speed of the seed-metering device consistent with the seeder’s working speed for the precision seed-metering device was *** control system includes a Hall sensor,a single chip microcomputer system,a motor control module,a stepper motor and a *** control system used a Hall sensor to measure the seeder’s working speed and employed a single chip microcomputer system to predict the rotational speed of seed-metering *** would then determine the relationship between the seeder’s working speed and the rotational speed of the seed metering-device according to the seeder’s working state,distance between seeds and the requirement of sowing *** system could effectively reduce the influence of inhomogeneous sowing caused by the ground wheel’s *** system was found to be reliable by the *** seeding control system could also make the speed of the seed-metering device and seeder’s uniform,improving the uniformity of the amount of seeding,and achieving the goal of *** new design provides a platform to solve problems of the seed-metering device and the seeder.

摘要：Although it has been hypothesized that a predictable feeding regime in animals allows physiological variables to be adjusted to maximize nutrient utilization and,hence,better growth performance,the assumption has rarely been *** study compares the effects of time-restricted versus free access self-feeding on the growth,feeding behavior and daily digestive enzyme rhythms of Atlantic salmon(Salmo salar).In an experiment that lasted 6 weeks,fish(109.9 g) were divided into two groups:group 1 had free access to a self-feeder(FA);group 2 received three meals per day(2 h per meal) at dawn,midday and dusk via a time-restricted self-feeder(Tr).At the end of the experiment,the fish were sampled every 3 h over a24-h *** results showed that the Tr fish quickly synchronized their feeding behavior to the feeding window and their blood glucose showed a significant postprandial increase,while FA fish displayed no statistically significant rhythms(P>0.05).Pepsin activity of Tr fish also showed a significant daily rhythm(P0.05).In conclusion,the study failed to confirm a link between the entrainment of daily digestive enzyme profiles and growth performance,with the Tr group showing comparatively poor blood glucose regulation.

摘要：Natural muscle provides excellent motilities for *** the basic unit of the muscle system,the skeletal muscle fibers function as a soft linear *** by the muscle fibers,researchers have developed various soft active devices with linear *** paper reviews several soft linear actu ators,such as the dielec trie elastomer,t hermal responsive hydrogels,pneumatic artificial muscle,and conducting *** actuation mechanisms and performances of these soft linear actuators are *** on the dielectric elastomer,we propose a design of a hybrid system with linear actuation,driven by both the electric motor and dielectric elasto mer *** elec tromechanical behaviors of the dielec trie elastomer cone have been investigated in both experiment and finite element *** work may guide the further design of soft actuators and robots.

摘要：A numerical solution based on the Steffensen stable point iterative method is proposed to resolve the transcendental frequency equation of a stay cable-damper system. The frequency equation, which considers clamped supports and fl exural rigidity of the cable, is intended to investigate the infl uence of the parameters of the cable damper system on its dynamic characteristics. Two factors involved in the design and construction phases, the damping coeffi cient induced by external dampers and the cable tension, are the focus of this study. Their impact on modal frequencies and damping ratios in these two phases of cable-damper systems are investigated by resolving the equation with the proposed solution. It is shown that the damping coeffi cient and cable tension exert more noticeable effects on the modal damping ratios than on the modal frequencies of stay cable-damper systems, and the two factors can serve as design variables in the design phase and as adjustment factors in the construction phase. On the basis of the results, a roadmap for system-level optimal design of stay cable-damper systems that can achieve global optimal vibration suppression for the entire bridge is proposed and discussed.

摘要：Introduction despite the numerous breakthroughs made in medical and biomedical technologies,biosensing underneath the skin without any associated pain still sounds like a dream yet to be *** invasive biosensors refer to functional or electronic sensors that can contact the interior environment of living organisms and their biological tissues,while the connected bulk devices remain on the surface of the biological objects[1].Minimally invasive biosensors are currently a key research area because they can not only meet the increasing technical demands to precisely detect biological activities inside biological objects,but also provide an ideal platform to externally incorporate complicated functionalities and electronic integration[2].The current development level of minimally invasive sensing still necessitates solving the constraints and bottlenecks in the three aspects of functionalities,sensitivity and biocompatibility[3].In this perspective,we select minimally invasive sensors as a representative research object with the aim to solve the limitations of current diabetes diagnosis and treatment approaches.