摘要：High-entropy alloys(HEAs)possess outstanding features such as corrosion resistance,irradiation resistance,and good mechan-ical properties.A few HEAs have found applications in the fields of aerospace and *** studies on the deformation mech-anisms of HEAs can guide microstructure control and toughness design,which is vital for understanding and studying state-of-the-art structural *** X-ray and neutron diffraction are necessary techniques for materials science research,especially for in situ coupling of physical/chemical fields and for resolving macro/microcrystallographic information on ***,several re-searchers have applied synchrotron X-ray and neutron diffraction methods to study the deformation mechanisms,phase transformations,stress behaviors,and in situ processes of HEAs,such as variable-temperature,high-pressure,and hydrogenation *** this review,the principles and development of synchrotron X-ray and neutron diffraction are presented,and their applications in the deformation mechanisms of HEAs are *** factors that influence the deformation mechanisms of HEAs are also *** review fo-cuses on the microstructures and micromechanical behaviors during tension/compression or creep/fatigue deformation and the application of synchrotron X-ray and neutron diffraction methods to the characterization of dislocations,stacking faults,twins,phases,and intergrain/interphase stress *** on future developments of synchrotron X-ray and neutron diffraction and on research directions on the deformation mechanisms of novel metals are discussed.

摘要：提出了由“田”字型狄拉克半金属(BDS)谐振器和钛酸锶(STO)组成的双调谐“完美”超材料吸波体并进行数值仿真。结果表明:当BDS费米能量为40 meV、STO温度为400 K时,吸波体在2.6131 THz处吸收率达到了99%。同时,当BDS费米能量和STO温度改变时,可实现吸波体吸收频率和吸收率大小的动态双调谐。此外,分别利用了耦合模理论(CMT)和等效电路模型(ECM)从理论上分析了吸波体的性能。最后,进一步讨论了模型各参数改变时,吸波体吸收光谱的变化规律。这为双调谐滤波器、吸波体的设计提供了理论依据。

摘要：过氧化氢(H2O2)是一种重要的化工产品,广泛应用于污水处理、消毒杀菌和印染漂白等领域.在蒽醌法生产H2O2的过程中,易产生有毒气体并存在爆炸危险.因此,仅利用水、氧气和太阳光即可在合适的光催化剂上生成H2O2的光催化技术备受关注.本课题组报道了通过酸碱自组装法制备的四(4-羧基苯基)卟啉(SA-TCPP)光催化剂,用于生产H2O2.该催化剂克服了大部分H2O2光催化剂存在的需要牺牲剂、活性低和光利用率不足等问题,但其性能仍受限于较高的复合率.晶面调控已被证实是改善许多无机催化剂电荷复合的有效策略,然而,对于有机光催化剂,关于暴露晶面与其活性关系的研究仍然较少.本文采用溶解-重结晶法在水和三种有机溶剂的混合物中成功合成了三种具有不同暴露晶面的卟啉光催化剂.即利用卟啉在有机溶剂和水中的溶解度差异,将卟啉先溶解在四氢呋喃(THF)、甲醇(MeOH)或乙二醇(EG)溶液中,随后在水溶液中重新结晶.X射线衍射、高分辨率透射电子显微镜及晶面模拟模型图的结果表明,三种催化剂具有相同的晶体结构,但分别暴露了(400)、(022)和(020)晶面.通过紫外分光光度计测量这些催化剂在氙灯(λ≥420 nm)照射下的光催化活性,结果表明,具有(400)暴露面的卟啉光催化剂的H2O2生产速率最高,可达29.33 mmol L h-1 g-1,分别是具有(022)暴露面和(020)暴露面的卟啉光催化剂的2.7倍和4.1倍,约是已报道的SA-TCPP光催化剂的1.3倍.通过紫外漫反射、莫特肖特基曲线分析以及LED灯照射下的光催化活性测试,排除了光吸收能力对这三种卟啉光催化剂活性的影响.开尔文探针力显微镜、光生电流密度谱图、晶面模拟模型图和密度泛函理论计算结果表明,活性的差异主要归因于(400)表面暴露的高羧基含量所引发的强内建电场,并且在该暴露面上的内建电场方向有利于空穴从吡咯氮向羧基碳的跃迁,因此阻碍了电荷的快速重组,促进了富有挑战性的水氧化过程,而(020)面由于暴露了最多的吡咯氮和最少的羧基碳,其产生的内建电场强度最弱,且内建电场方向阻碍了空穴向羧基碳的跃迁,因此H2O2生产速率最低.综上所述,本工作通过晶面调控产生强内建电场以加速空穴的迁移,降低了电子空穴复合速率,实现了高H2O2生产速率,为更高效的有机光催化剂的设计和开发提供了新思路.

摘要：过氧化氢（H2O2）是一种多功能氧化剂,利用地球上丰富的水和氧合成过氧化氢是解决能源危机和环境修复的一种有前景的方法.共价三嗪框架（CTFs）因具有独特的稳定结构以及π共轭sp2碳结构上功能基团的高可设计性,其作为光催化剂而备受关注.然而,由于共轭键的可逆性较差,极大地影响了电荷的分离和转移.为了提高载流子分离效率,目前的策略主要为开发高结晶结构或在CTFs骨架中加入具有不同电离势和电子亲和力的供电子和接受电子单元,但催化性能和太阳能化学转化（SCC）效率仍然低于预期.碳点（CDs）具有类分子特性,可以通过表面接触或结合改变材料的微观结构和物理性能,起到调控光生电荷行为的作用.因而,本文把CDs引入到CTFs分子中,使其充当电荷分离器,提升光生载流子的利用效率.本文提出一种可扩展的方法,使1,4-二氰苯（DCB）、CDs和碱金属盐在溶液中发生选择性吸附反应,去除溶剂后制备出预混物,然后再以CF3SO3H为催化剂,在空气氛围内直接加热预混物至250°C并反应8 h,获得具有高结晶CTFs与CDs的复合光催化剂（CDs@CTFs）.透射电镜、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）等结果证明了CDs引入到CTFs插层中.粉末X射线衍射结果表明,适量的CDs可以提高CTFs的结晶度.紫外-可见吸收谱表明CDs的引入扩大了可见光的吸收范围.Zeta电位、光致发光光谱等结果表明,二价和多价阳离子同时与两个或两个以上的CDs相互作用,导致其溶胶溶液的不稳定性和表面电子态的改变,影响了光催化剂性能.XPS、红外光谱、热重分析（TGA）等表征结果表明CDs表面羧基的H+离子可能被碱金属离子取代,从而调节表面电荷分布,促进电荷分离和转移.电荷牺牲实验、原位漫反射红外傅立叶变换光谱和电子顺磁共振谱测试结果表明, CDs@CTFs可以实现氧还原反应和水氧化反应双通道产H2O2.通过使用已知的电子受体和电子供体来识别CDs和CTFs之间的电荷转移过程,并结合对空穴传输层器件的暗I-V曲线测试结果,揭示了CDs具有空穴存储功能.所制光催化剂的H2O2产率为2464μmolh-1g-1,全光谱光化学转化效率为0.9%, 500 nm的表观量子产率为13%,超过了目前报道的大多数光催化剂.结合理论分析结果表明, CDs可以作为空穴提取剂有效地驱动激子解离,并为水氧化反应提供活性位点;研究发现碱金属离子在合成过程中与CDs表面的羧酸基团相互作用,增强对CTFs的空穴提取能力,加速光催化生成H2O2.此外,所制光催化剂在自然阳光下可连续工作产H2O2,且光催化性能经过100 d循环使用仍表现出高的稳定性.综上所述,本文开发了一种简便且可扩展的方法,将CDs引入到CTFs中,以实现高效的光催化产***通过其界面产生的内电场从CTFs中提取光生空穴,并在CTFs上充当空穴存储层.此外,碱金属离子能显著调节内部电场强度,使CDs@CTFs具有更显著的光催化性能.本工作揭示了一种新的设计策略来调控有机共轭聚合物中的载流子分离和迁移.

摘要：为了探讨利用绿色环保的非炸药主动震源技术勘查我国西部、南部复杂山地深部矿产资源的可行性,并提出可行的探测方案,以景德镇朱溪矿区为例开展了基于照明分析和叠前深度域偏移成像实验的主动源地震探测系统设计研究。在现场踏勘和充分收集地质、钻探成果的基础上,根据矿区42号线钻孔联合剖面和相应的岩石物性测量成果建立了地球物理模型。由于后续地震数据采集工作主要利用单分量纵波检波器开展,在地震波的数值模拟方面选用了粘声波方程;工区崎岖地表所带来的不规则自由表面问题则通过Acoustic-Elastic boundary Approach(AEA)方案解决。进行了震源-检波器组双向照明分析,以及高信噪比(20db)和低信噪比(6db)两种情况下的地震波叠前深度域逆时偏移成像实验。研究结果表明,通过合理布设较为密集的主动震源激发-接收系统,采用环境友好的非炸药主动震源技术可以查明目标区地下主要地层,和断层、逆掩推覆体等主要控矿构造的空间展布。后续实际的地震数据采集工作在本次研究的基础上开展,取得的朱溪矿区第一手非炸药震源绿色勘查成像剖面证明了本次研究所提出的探测方案是可行的和有效的。通过不断完善技术体系,非炸药主动震源技术有望为我国深部矿产资源勘探、隐伏断裂勘查、城市地下空间探测等研究领域提供一种环保、高效的技术手段。本次研究所采用的基于照明分析和偏移成像实验的复杂山地主动震源探测系统设计、论证方法值得进一步研究和推广。

摘要：近红外(NIR)光驱动水分解产生氢气(H_(2))一直以来都是光催化领域备受关注的问题,但由于其动力学和热力学方面的缺陷,迄今为止仍是一项艰巨的挑战.为了突破这一限制,我们通过简便的水热法设计出了富含硫空位的无贵金属二维(2D)ZnIn_(2)S_(4)-基光催化剂,并首次使用单组分ZnIn_(2)S_(4)-基材料实现了波长大于800 nm的近红外驱动制氢性能.根据价带光谱、紫外-可见-近红外DRS光谱、稳态PL光谱、瞬态光电流响应和EPR表征,我们揭示了存在一个高效的Urbach带尾吸收用于捕获近红外光.硫空位在ZnIn_(2)S_(4)纳米片中的成功构建不仅扩展了光谱吸收范围,而且具有出色的载流子扩散特性和丰富的活性位点.因此,我们的研究结果可能会为未来开发近红外响应的ZnIn_(2)S_(4)-基光催化剂用于实现高效近红外驱动制氢提供一定的指导.

摘要：The cold chain in the production area of fruits and vegetables is the primary link to reduce product loss and improve product quality,but it is also a weak *** the application of big data technology in cold chain logistics,intelligent devices,and technologies have become important carriers for improving the efficiency of cold chain logistics in fruit and vegetable production areas,extending the shelf life of fruits and vegetables,and reducing fruit and vegetable *** have many advantages in fruit and vegetable pre-cooling,sorting and packaging,testing,warehousing,transportation,and other *** article summarizes the rapidly developing and widely used intelligent technologies at home and abroad in recent years,including automated guided vehicle intelligent handling based on electromagnetic or optical technology,intelligent sorting based on sensors,electronic optics,and other technologies,intelligent detection based on computer vision technology,intelligent transportation based on perspective imaging technology,*** analyses and studies the innovative research and achievements of various scholars in applying intelligent technology in fruit and vegetable cold chain storage,sorting,detection,transportation,and other links,and improves the efficiency of fruit and vegetable cold chain ***,applying intelligent technology in fruit and vegetable cold chain logistics also faces many *** challenges of high cost,difficulty in technological integration,and talent shortages have limited the development of intelligent technology in the field of fruit and vegetable cold *** solve the current problems,it is proposed that costs be controlled through independent research and development,technological innovation,and other means to lower the entry threshold for small *** integrating intelligent technology and cold chain logistics systems to improve data security and system *** the same time,the government

摘要：SYNO23是两种抗狂犬病病毒人源单克隆抗体(CTBO11和CTB012)的混合物,是用于在狂犬病暴露后预防处置中替代狂犬病免疫球蛋白的一种安全且具有成本效益的替代药物。这项I期桥接研究旨在评价中国健康受试者中SYN023(0.3mg/kg)单用(队列A,n=8)或联用狂犬病疫苗(队列B,n=24)的药代动力学,并与美国受试者比较以指导后期临床试验设计。安全性通过实验室检查的不良事件发生情况进行评价。

摘要：The use of a reconfigurable intelligent surface(RIS)in the enhancement of the rate performance is considered to involve the limitation of the RIS being a passive *** address this issue,we propose a RIS-aided amplify-and-forward(AF)relay network in this *** jointly optimizing the beamforming matrix at AF relay and the phase-shift matrices at RIS,two schemes are put forward to address a maximizing signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)***,aiming at achieving a high rate,a high-performance alternating optimization(AO)method based on Charnes–Cooper transformation and semidefinite programming(CCT-SDP)is proposed,where the optimization problem is decomposed into three subproblems solved using CCT-SDP,and rank-one solutions can be recovered using Gaussian ***,the optimization variables in the CCT-SDP method are matrices,leading to extremely high *** reduce the complexity,a low-complexity AO scheme based on Dinkelbachs transformation and successive convex approximation(DT-SCA)is proposed,where the variables are represented in vector form,and the three decoupling subproblems are solved using *** results verify that compared to three benchmarks(i.e.,a RIS-assisted AF relay network with random phase,an AF relay network without RIS,and a RIS-aided network without AF relay),the proposed CCT-SDP and DT-SCA schemes can harvest better rate ***,it is revealed that the rate of the low-complexity DT-SCA method is close to that of the CCT-SDP method.

摘要：Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing(OFDM) is an effective technique to deal with a frequency selective channel since it can convert the channel into some flat fading ***,very different output SNR values of the subchannels will lead to poor bit error performance when a linear equalizer and Equal Bit Allocation(EBA) are adopted in OFDM ***,we proposed three novel nonlinear Joint Transceiver(JT) schemes based on Zero-Forcing(ZF) criterion and Minimum Mean Square Error(MMSE) criterion respectively,which can transform all subchannels of an OFDM system into subchannels with identical channel ***,EBA is equivalent to the Optimum Bit Allocation(OBA) for these *** analysis helps us to obtain the theoretical approximate BER values of the JT *** results verify the numerical analysis and confirm that the performance of our proposed JT scheme greatly outperforms the traditional linear equalizer with EBA at moderate and high SNR values.