摘要：由于CO_(2)传质的限制,在H型电池中,具有高法拉第效率(>90%)和大电流密度(>150 mA cm^(-2))的电催化CO_(2)还原(CO_(2)RR)制备HCOOH燃料的过程非常具有挑战性.在本文中,我们报道了一种在泡沫Cu上原位构建具有三维(3D)多孔网络核壳纳米线结构的优异CO_(2)RR电催化剂.核壳结构由Cu纳米线核和Sb-Bi合金壳组成(Cu@Sb_(x)Bi_(y)NWs/Cu).制备的Cu@Sb_(x)Bi_(y)NWs/Cu具有171.3mA cm^(-2)的高电流密度以及92%的HCOOH法拉第效率,就电流密度而言优于几乎所有报道的铋基催化剂.理论研究表明,Sb的引入使Bi的电子态提高到接近费米能级,与纯Bi表面相比,^(*)OCHO中间体更易吸附在Sb-Bi界面上,从而加速CO_(2)还原.此外,Sb_(0.1)Bi_(1)与纯Bi相比具有更强的键能,这有利于催化剂在反应过程中的稳定性.Sb_(0.1)Bi_(1)合金和3D导电核壳纳米网络的形成更有利于快速电子转移,并在反应过程中暴露出更多的活性位点,从而获得更好的催化活性.这项工作为设计用于能量转换的高活性铋基催化剂提供了理论依据.

摘要：We developed a species-specific PCR method to identify species among dehydrated products of 10 sea cucumber *** reverse species-specific primers designed from the 16 S rRNA gene,in combination with one forward universal primer,generated PCR fragments of ca.270 bp length for each *** specificity of the PCR assay was tested with DNA of samples of 21 sea cucumber *** was observed in specific species *** species-specific PCR method we developed was successfully applied to authenticate species of commercial products of dehydrated sea cucumber,and was proven to be a useful,rapid,and low-cost technique to identify the origin of the sea cucumber product.

摘要：Blue InGaN light-emitting diodes （LEDs） with a conventional electron blocking layer （EBL）, a common n-A1GaN hole blocking layer （HBL）, and an n-A1GaN HBL with gradual A1 composition are investigated numerically, which involves analyses of the carrier concentration in the active region, energy band diagram, electrostatic field, and internal quantum efficiency （IQE）. The results indicate that LEDs with an n-AIGaN HBL with gradual AI composition exhibit better hole injection efficiency, lower electron leakage, and a smaller electrostatic field in the active region than LEDs with a conven tional p-A1GaN EBL or a common n-A1GaN HBL. Meanwhile, the efficiency droop is alleviated when an n-A1GaN HBL with gradual A1 composition is used.

摘要：一些鸟类的脖颈具有出色的柔性弯曲能力,模仿其特性可以设计仿生机器人.该类仿生设计的主要挑战是如何处理鸟类脖颈固有的灵活性和冗余的自由度.本文以鸡的脖颈结构为例,提出了一种模仿其脖颈结构特征的仿生超冗余机器人的设计方法.在我们的设计中,首先研究鸡脖颈的多骨节连接与运动特性,并定义了一个具有弹簧和万向节组合的仿生椎骨单元(BVU)来模拟鸡脖颈结构.然后,由三根钢丝平行驱动的三个仿生椎骨单元形成单个颈椎节段.最后,连接四个相同的颈椎节段构成了所提出的仿生超冗余机器人.结合几何分析法和Denavit-Hartemberg(D-H)参数法,研究了仿生超冗余机器人的驱动空间、关节空间和任务空间的运动学关系.通过蒙特卡洛方法进一步计算了可达工作空间.此外,原型样机的单平面运动实验的最大位置偏差约为四个颈椎节段总长度的5.8%.同时,一系列空间形状的展示,包括S形仿生弯曲配置和对兴趣目标体的成功缠绕和提升,证明了所提出的设计方法的有效性、机器人具有优异的灵活性和应用潜力.

摘要：This paper presents the design and implementation of quadrature bandpass sigma–delta modulator.A pole movement method for transforming real sigma–delta modulator to a quadrature one is proposed by detailed study of the relationship of noise-shaping center frequency and integrator pole position in sigma–delta *** proposed modulator uses sampling capacitor sharing switched capacitor integrator,and achieves a very small feedback coefficient by a series capacitor network,and those two techniques can dramatically reduce capacitor *** output-dependent dummy capacitor load for reference voltage buffer can compensate signal-dependent noise that is caused by load *** paper designs a quadrature bandpass Sigma-Delta modulator for 2.4 GHz low IF receivers that achieve 69 d B SNDR at 1 MHz BW and-1 MHz IF with 48 MHz *** chip is fabricated with SMIC 0.18μm CMOS technology,it achieves a total power current of 2.1 m A,and the chip area is 0.48 mm;.

摘要：Existing technologies used to detect monosodium urate(MSU)crystals for gout diagnosis are not ideal due to their low sensitivity and complexity of *** purpose of this study was to explore whether aggregation-induced emission luminogens(AIEgens)can be used for highly specific imaging of MSU crystals to assist in the diagnosis of ***,we developed a series of luminogens(i.e.,tetraphenyl ethylene(TPE)-NH_(2),TPE-2NH_(2),TPE-4NH_(2),TPE-COOH,TPE-2COOH,TPE-4COOH,and TPE-Ketoalkyne),each of which was then evenly mixed with MSU ***,optimal fluorescence imaging of each of the luminogens was characterized by a confocal laser scanning microscope(CLSM).This approach was used for imaging standard samples of MSU,hydroxyapatite(HAP)crystals,and mixed samples with 1:1 mass ratio of MSU/*** also imaged samples from mouse models of acute gouty arthritis,HAP deposition disease,and comorbidities of ***,CLSM imaging results were compared with those of compensated polarized light microscopy,and we assessed the biosafety of TPE-Ketoalkyne in the RAW264.7 cell ***,CLSM time series and three-dimensional imaging were performed on MSU crystal samples from human gouty synovial fluid and *** a promising candidate for MSU crystal labeling,TPE-Ketoalkyne was found to detect MSU crystals accurately and rapidly in standard samples,animal samples,and human samples,and could precisely distinguish gout from HAP deposition *** work demonstrates that TPE-Ketoalkyne is suitable for highly specific and timely imaging of MSU crystals in gouty arthritis and may facilitate future research on MSU crystal-related diseases.

摘要：为能对汽车控制系统进行有效的实地测试,从而设计开发了基于英国典型高速公路路段的交通模型。该模型提供了对英国高速公路交通流量模拟、路面状况模拟、交通规则模拟及路面用户的微观行为模拟。驾驶员模型包括道路汽车跟随模拟和汽车超车模拟。通过对本交通模型微观参数的优化,使所开发的交通模型能与实地测试数据相符合,从而能更真实地仿真实际高速公路的环境。基于该模型所开发出的具有图形用户界面的能为汽车控制系统的测试与评估提供有效的支持。

摘要：The paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus(PVT),which serves as a hub,receives dense projections from the medial prefrontal cortex(mPFC)and projects to the lateral division of central amygdala(CeL).The infralimbic(IL)cortex plays a crucial role in encoding and recalling fear extinction ***,we found that neurons in the PVT and IL were strongly activated during fear extinction *** PVT neurons inhibited extinction retrieval at recent time point(24 h after extinction),while activating them promoted extinction retrieval at remote time point(7 d after extinction),suggesting a critical role of the PVT in extinction *** the mPFC-PVT circuit,projections from IL rather than prelimbic cortex to the PVT were dominant,and disrupting the IL-PVT projection suppressed extinction ***,the axons of PVT neurons preferentially projected to the *** the PVT-CeL circuit also suppressed extinction ***,our findings reveal a new neural circuit for fear extinction retrieval outside the classical IL-amygdala circuit.

摘要：With the rapid rising of heat flux and reduction of heat dissipating space of microelectronic devises, flattened sintered heat pipe has become an ideal conducting element of use in the electronic cooling field. A manufacturing technology named phase change flattening process is presented to fabricate the flattened grooved-sintered wick heat pipe （GSHP for short）. Deformation geometry of flattened GSHP and the elasto-plastic deformation of flattening process are analyzed theoretically and verified by experiments. The results show that the vapor pressure inside sintered heat pipe during flattening process is determined by the saturated vapor pressure equation; the width and vapor area of flattened heat pipe change greatly as the flattening proceeds; the maximum equivalent strain distributes at the interface between wick and vapor in the fiat section; the buckling phenomenon can be well eliminated when the flattening temperature reaches 480 K; phase change flattening punch load increases with flattening temperature and displacement.

摘要：Zero-dimensional metal halide perovskites have captured intense research interest owing to their unique optoelectronic ***,metal halides with the ns^(2) electronic configuration are of great interest owing to the high-temperature sensitivity of their photoluminescence,which could be applied to remote optical thermometry(ROT).Herein,all-inorganic and lead-free halide perovskite Te^(4+)-doped Cs_(2)InCl_(5)·H_(2)O single crystals(SCs)were prepared through the hydrothermal method and showed a strong temperature dependence of photoluminescence *** Te^(4+) doping,the nonemissive Cs_(2)InCl_(5)·H_(2)O SC exhibits a bright orange emission at 660 nm with a wide full width at half maximum of 180 *** strong phonon-exciton coupling promotes the formation of self-trapped excitons in the soft lattice of the zero-dimensional Te^(4+)-doped Cs_(2)InCl_(5)·H_(2)O *** Te^(4+) ions with the 5 s^(2) electronic configuration endow the Te^(4+)-doped Cs_(2)InCl_(5)·H_(2)O SC with a strong temperaturedependent photoluminescence *** SC reaches a maximum specific sensitivity of 0.062 K^(-1) at 320 K,thereby showing the potential advantages of indium-based metal halide perovskites in ROT applications.