摘要：The radial migration of cortical pyramidal neurons(PNs)during corticogenesis is necessary for establishing a multilayered cerebral *** migration defects are considered a critical etiology of neurodevelopmental disorders,including autism spectrum disorders(ASDs),schizophrenia,epilepsy,and intellectual disability(ID).TRIO is a high-risk candidate gene for ASDs and ***,its role in embryonic radial migration and the etiology of ASDs and ID are not fully *** this study,we found that the in vivo conditional knockout or in utero knockout of Trio in excitatory precursors in the neocortex caused aberrant polarity and halted the migration of late-born *** investigation of the underlying mechanism revealed that the interaction of the Trio N-terminal SH3 domain with Myosin X mediated the adherence of migrating neurons to radial glial fibers through regulating the membrane location of neuronal cadherin(N-cadherin).Also,independent or synergistic overexpression of RAC1 and RHOA showed different phenotypic recoveries of the abnormal neuronal migration by affecting the morphological transition and/or the glial fiber-dependent *** together,our findings clarify a novel mechanism of Trio in regulating N-cadherin cell surface expression via the interaction of Myosin X with its N-terminal SH3 *** results suggest the vital roles of the guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1(GEF1)and GEF2 domains in regulating radial migration by activating their Rho GTPase effectors in both distinct and cooperative manners,which might be associated with the abnormal phenotypes in neurodevelopmental disorders.

摘要：The family of ABX half-Heusler materials, also called filled-tetrahedral structures, is a special class of ternary compounds hosting a variety of material functionalities including thermoelectricity, topological insulation, magnetism, transparent conductivity and superconductivity. This class of compounds can be derived from two substitution approaches, i.e.,from Heusler materials by removing a portion of atoms forming ordered vacancies thus becoming half-Heusler, or from tetrahedral zinc blende compounds by adding atoms on the interstitial sites thus become filled-tetrahedral structures. In this paper, we briefly review the substitution approaches for material design along with their application in the design of half-Heusler compounds; then we will review the high-throughput search of new half-Heusler filled-tetrahedral structures and the study of their physical properties and functionalities.

摘要：为抑制果园链索货运系统的横向振动,需要预测振动频率特性的影响因素及其关联性。基于弦线理论和链传动特性,建立了拉普拉斯域内的横向振动微分方程,得到了系统运行的临界速度。对托索轮与链环之间的多边形效应进行了研究,确定了共振响应的行进速度条件。通过偏微分方程的数值求解,分析了链索初始张力、行进速度和载重质量对链索横向振动频率的影响关系,并进行了试验验证。试验条件下,行进速度、载重质量和张紧力的实际频率值与数值求解值的相对误差范围分别为1.4%~27.6%,6.1%~14.2%和14.7%~24.3%。结果表明系统一阶固有振动频率与张紧力正相关,与行进速度、载重质量负相关,所提出的模型能预测链索系统的运行参数对横向振动频率的影响。该研究为系统运行参数的优化提供了设计参考,并为链索货运系统受风雨激励影响和稳定性控制的研究提供了理论基础。

摘要：The stimulator of interferon genes(STING)shows promising clinical activity in infectious diseases and ***,the lack of targeting capability and intracellular stability of STING agonists severely limits the therapeutic ***,drug delivery systems(DDSs)overcome these delivery barriers of STING agonists via passive or active cell targeting,prolonged blood circulation and drug release,and lysosome escape,*** this review,we will describe in detail how existing DDSs are designed to overcome delivery barriers and activate the STING pathway,and the current biomedical applications of STING-activating DDSs in the treatments of infectious diseases and ***,the prospects and challenges of DDSs in STING activation are discussed.

摘要：Bacterial infection is a major problem following bone implant ***,poly-l-lactic acid/carbon nanotube/hydroxyapatite(PLLA/CNT/HAP)bone scaffolds possess enhanced mechanical properties and show good ***,wesynthesizedsilver(Ag)-dopedCNT/HAP(CNT/Ag-HAP)nanohybrids via the partial replacing of calcium ions(Ca2+)in the HAP lattice with silver ions(Ag+)using an ion doping technique under hydrothermal ***fically,the doping process was induced using the special lattice structure of HAP and the abundant surface oxygenic functional groups of CNT,and involved the partial replacement of Ca2+in the HAP lattice by doped Ag+as well as the in situ synthesis of Ag-HAP nanoparticles on CNT in a hydrothermal *** result-ing CNT/Ag-HAP nanohybrids were then introduced into a PLLA matrix via laser-based powder bed fusion(PBF-LB)to fabricate PLLA/CNT/Ag-HAP scaffolds that showed sustained antibacterial *** then found that Ag+,which pos-sesses broad-spectrum antibacterial activity,endowed PLLA/CNT/Ag-HAP scaffolds with this activity,with an antibacterial effectiveness of 92.65%.This antibacterial effect is due to the powerful effect of Ag+against bacterial structure and genetic material,as well as the physical destruction of bacterial structures due to the sharp edge structure of *** addition,the scaffold possessed enhanced mechanical properties,showing tensile and compressive strengths of 8.49 MPa and 19.72 MPa,***,the scaffold also exhibited good bioactivity and cytocompatibility,including the ability to form apatite layers and to promote the adhesion and proliferation of human osteoblast-like cells(MG63 cells).

摘要：Miniature cylindrical metal powder sintered wick heat pipe （sintered heat pipe） is an ideal component with super-high thermal efficiency for high heat flux electronics cooling. The sintering process for sintered wick is important for its quality. The sintering process was optimally designed based on the equation of the heat transfer limit of sintered heat pipe. Four-step sintering process was proposed to fabricate sintered wick. The sintering parameters including sintering temperature, sintering time, sintering atmosphere and sintering position were discussed. The experimental results showed that the proper sintering temperature was 950 ℃ for Cu powder of 159μm and 900 ℃ for Cu powders of 81 and 38 μm, respectively, while the wick thickness was 0.45 mm and sintering time was 3 h. The optimized sintering time was 3 h for 0.45 and 0.6 mm wick thickness and 1 h for 0.75 mm wick thickness, respectively, when copper powder diameter was 159μm and sintering temperature was 950 ℃. Redox reduction reaction between H2 and CuO during sintering could produce segmentation cracks in Cu powders as a second structure. Sintering at vertical position can effectively avoid the generation of gap between wick and the inner wall of pipe.

摘要：Objective To observe the sexual differences in electrophysiological properties of neurons in the robust nucleus of the arcopallium （RA） in adult zebra finches, and to provide the direct electrophysiological evidence for the sexual dimorphism of birdsong. Methods Whole-cell recording was used to record the spontaneous action potential firing rates from RA projection neurons in acute brain slices. Results The projection neurons of RA in male birds fired spontaneously at 10 Hz or above, while in female birds, the frequency was significantly lower, and even no firings could be detected. Conclusion There is a sexual difference in electrophysiological properties of projection neurons in RA, which may result from the difference in the levels of steroid hormones in birds.

摘要：采用高温氮化法在Ti片基底上生长一层TiN0.3薄膜,进一步利用电化学沉积法在TiN0.3薄膜上生长CeO2,制备了TiN0.3/CeO2复合材料.分别用X射线衍射和扫描电镜研究了复合材料的晶体和形貌结构,用紫外-可见光谱探究了材料的光学吸收性能.结果表明,球状CeO2颗粒均匀地分布在TiN0.3表面;该复合光阳极除了TiN0.3对可见光的吸收外,外层的CeO2同时实现了对紫外光的吸收.光电催化性能研究发现,TiN0.3/CeO2复合光阳极能够显著提高TiN0.3或CeO2的光电流密度,同时增加光电流的稳定性.TiN0.3/CeO2独特的双层结构是其光电催化性能提高的主要原因.在TiN0.3与CeO2界面处异质结构的驱动下,CeO2层中的光生电子迁移至TiN0.3层,而相应的光生空穴在界面处被Ce3+所消耗,从而提高了CeO 2层中电子和空穴的分离效率,光电流密度也随之提高;同时,位于CeO2与电解液界面处的Ce3+作为水分子的吸附中心和反应活性中心,加快了界面处水的氧化反应,从而进一步促进了稳定光电流的产生.鉴于TiN0.3/CeO2光阳极材料优良的光电催化性能,其在太阳能光电催化领域具有潜在的应用,对于新型高效光电转化材料的设计与合成具有借鉴作用.

摘要：Hydroxyapatite(HA)nanoparticles and silver(Ag)nanoparticles are expected to enable desirable bioactivity and antibac-terial properties on biopolymer ***,interfacial adhesion between HA/Ag and the biopolymer is poor due to the large physicochemical differences between these *** this study,poly L-lactic acid(PLLA)powder was first surface-modified with bioactive polydopamine(PDA)in an alkaline ***,HA and Ag nanoparticles were grown in situ on the PDA-coated PLLA powder,which was then adhered to the porous bone scaffold using a selective laser-sintering *** showed that HA and Ag nanoparticles were homogenously distributed in the matrix,with enhanced mechanical *** body fluid bioactivity tests showed that the in situ grown HA-endowed scaffold shows excellent *** vitro tests confirmed that the scaffold exhibits favorable biocompatibility with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells,as well as strong antibacterial activity against Gram-negative Escherichia ***,in vivo assays indicated that the scaffold promoted bone generation,with a new bone area fraction of 71.8%after 8 weeks’implantation,without inflammation.

摘要：Chirality,which is one of the defining features of biological molecules,plays a critical role in many important life *** supramolecular assembly of biomolecules into functional structures with low structural fluidity,e.g.,cytoske-leton filaments[1],flagellar filaments of bacteria[2],and high structural fluidity(e.g.,cell membranes[3]),serves key roles in the correct functioning of biological *** by natural supramolecular assembly,a large number of discrete two-and three-dimensional chiral polygons with well-defined shapes have been successfully prepared through self-assembly[4-8].