摘要：作为智能制造的技术基础与核心控制单元,智能数控系统表现出信息感知、交互以及自主决策优化等特性。利用MAS进行智能数控系统体系结构设计,可以充分发挥Agent在学习推理以及智能决策等方面的优势,满足系统智能化需求。在分析智能数控加工流程的基础上,提出采用层次结构设计,按系统功能划分为人机交互、信息管理、几何设计、工艺规划、运动控制、逻辑控制以及故障诊断等模块。各模块间采用混合式结构进行通信。

摘要：类脑计算是后摩尔时代集成电路发展的重要方向,开发能够模拟理想突触行为的人工突触器件是构建神经元-突触-神经元连接方式的类脑计算芯片的关键.铁电薄膜材料具有独特的非易失性极化,极化的可塑性与生物突触的可塑性十分类似,因此铁电突触器件近年来受到了广泛关注.本文从器件突触功能模拟和类脑计算应用两个方面对铁电突触器件的研究进展进行了综述.结果表明,铁电突触器件具有两端和三端两种典型结构.除了能有效模拟生物突触功能,铁电突触器件还具有结构简单、功耗低、稳定性高、开关比大及编程速度快等优点.在应用层面,基于铁电突触的神经网络在图像识别方面的研究取得了一系列进展.此外铁电突触还被应用于触觉和视觉仿生.虽然取得了丰富的研究进展,但铁电突触器件目前仍停留在原理的提出和实验验证阶段,在突触性能调控机理、可靠性评价标准、阵列结构优化设计、高密度集成工艺、神经形态计算架构设计、新颖应用场景拓展等方面的研究都存在不小的挑战,这些也是未来铁电突触研究所要聚焦的方向.

摘要：基于团簇式设计方法,采用激光增材制造工艺制备一种近α型Ti-7Al-2V合金,其比强度优于Ti-6Al-4V合金的比强度。该合金的成分式为α-{[Al-Ti_(12)](AlTi_(2))}_(15)+β-{[Al-Ti_(14)](V_(3))}_(2):其特征在于α结构单元比例提高为15/17(相对于Ti-6Al-4V的12/17),使合金成分偏向α-Ti;通过V元素合金化,提高了β-Ti结构单元稳定性。该合金具有良好的激光增材制造成形性。沉积态下,该合金的显微组织由细网篮组织区、粗网篮组织区和超细α魏氏组织区构成。其中,粗网篮组织区的表面粗糙度明显低于细网篮组织区和超细α魏氏组织区的表面粗糙度。细网篮组织区的α相分布相比于粗网篮组织区更加均匀。该合金的抗拉强度为971~1005 MPa,屈服强度为891~921 MPa,伸长率为4.5%~6.6%,均与Ti-6Al-4V的相近,尤其是该合金的比强度为224~232 kN·m/kg,优于Ti-6Al-4V合金的比强度。

摘要：Polyurethane elastomers with covalent adaptable networks(PU-CANs)based on the dynamic urethane bond have attracted remarkable attention owing to their reprocessability,adaptability,and ***,it is still a formidable challenge to achieve excellent dynamics at low temperatures since the urethane bond energy is usually ***,a fluorinated phenolic polyurethane(FPPU)elastomer with CANs based on phenol±carbamate bonds was successfully designed and ***,the effects of fluorine atoms on the mechanical properties,thermal stability,reprocessability,and self-healability,surface free energy,and hydrophobicity of the prepared elastomers were systematically *** FPPU elastomer showed notch-insensitivity,remarkable self-healable efficiency(98%),low dynamic dissociation temperature(60℃),excellent reprocessability,and low surface energy(62 MJ m^(-2))compared with non-fluorinated counterpart phenolic polyurethane elastomer(APPU).Based on the above-mentioned features,FPPU was selected as an elastic substrate to assemble into a triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)to harvest energy from natural *** TENG exhibited an excellent electrical output performance with a peak open-circuit voltage of 103 V,a peak short-circuit current of 4.7μA and a peak short-circuit charge of 43 *** addition,the TENG possessed high selfcleaning and reprocessing ***,a stretchable and self-healing composite conductor based on FPPU was fabricated for flexible electronic devices.

摘要：The development of efficient electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER) and oxygen evolution reaction(OER) with excellent catalytic performance and stability plays key roles in the commercialization of water splitting to generate hydrogen energy. Herein, a 2 D-3 D nanostructure composed of metal hydroxides and Prussian blue analogus(PBA) was in-situ decorated onto the Ni Fe foam(Pt-Ni Fe PBA) through a facile and scalable corrosive-coordinate approach. The specifically designed morphology favored the provision of abundant active sites, optimized the reaction pathway, and accelerated mass transport during the electrocatalytic process. Consequently, the as-synthesized Pt-Ni Fe PBA reached 10 m A cm^(-2) with small overpotentials of 29 and210 m V in 1 mol L;KOH deionized water for HER and OER,respectively. Remarkably, Pt-Ni Fe PBA required an overpotential of 21 m V to drive 10 m A cm^(-2) in seawater containing1 mol L;KOH with prominent durability. Moreover, with the as-synthesized Pt-Ni Fe PBA as bifunctional electrocatalyst,the Pt-Ni Fe PBA||Pt-Ni Fe PBA electrolyzer needed 1.46 and1.48 V to drive 10 m A cm^(-2) in 1 mol L;KOH with deionized water and 1 mol L;KOH with seawater, respectively. Remarkably, sustainable energies were utilized to power the overall water splitting and stored as easily portable hydrogen energy.

摘要：非晶合金是非晶材料家族中的新成员,由于缺乏原子排列长程有序特征,具有独特的性能和广泛应用前景.然而,非晶合金的形成、成分设计和形变问题在该领域长期未得到解决,制约着新型非晶合金的高效开发.传统上,多组元非晶合金的成分设计主要遵循相图研究范式,以温度调控为出发点,确定低液相线的成分为落脚点,尤其强调深共晶成分.然而,对于缺乏相图的多组元体系则力所不及,亟需新的理论突破.本文综述了非晶转变中的热力学与动力学基本规律,重点探讨了热力学与动力学性质之间的关联性,尤其是梳理了材料熔化熵与熔点粘度、熔点等多个非晶形成经典参量之间的内在关联,提出并论证了熔化熵和振动熵为非晶形成的关键热力学参量,可有效指导高性能非晶合金的设计和表征.结合实际应用中对非晶材料的工程要求,讨论了化学成分调控对非晶合金剪切带的萌生密度和扩展稳定性的影响,并总结了在单调加载和疲劳加载条件下剪切带行为对非晶合金断裂过程的作用.最后展望了振动熵和构型熵之间争议问题,提出未来工作中需要发展具有物理意义玻璃形成能力指标和可靠数据库的需求,混合加载模式下的韧性以及疲劳和韧性之间的权衡等问题.本文为进一步建立高性能非晶材料成分设计路径提供了参考与指导.

摘要：相比于传统的风洞设备,低温风洞可以生成更高雷诺数的气流,而风洞降温过程中残留的痕量水蒸气可能会影响试验件气动参数的测量。痕量水结冰的热力学过程复杂,实验测试较为困难,其机理仍需深入研究。针对该问题,本文基于欧拉方法建立了空气⁃过冷水滴⁃冰晶多相流模型,仿真结果与文献中的实验数据吻合度较高,进一步采用该模型获得了低温风洞中水蒸气凝结液滴/冰晶撞击翼型的结冰过程,探究了气流中总的水含量、融化比、气流温度、压力、马赫数等参数对结冰过程的影响,并定量分析了结冰现象对翼型气动参数的影响,可为低温风洞的实际运行提供一定的理论参考。

摘要：分析了模块化动力刀架刀盘形式、刀具驱动接口等关键技术。采用同步带和锥齿轮机构设计了径向模块化动力刀架,利用多级齿轮机构设计了轴向模块化动力刀架。设计了用于控制刀架锁紧和动力模块离合的液压系统。选择了带编码器的伺服电机及接近开关等主要电气部件,规划了工作循环方式,绘制了电气系统的连线图。分别制造了径向模块化动力刀架和轴向模块化动力刀架的样机。

摘要：Currently,most rock physics models,used for evaluating the elastic properties of cracked or fractured media,take into account the crack properties,but not the background *** creats the errors of in the anisotropy estimates by using fi eld logging *** this work,based on the scattered wavefi eld theory,a sphere-equivalency method of elastic wave scattering was developed to accurately calculate the elastic properties of a vertical transversely isotropic solid containing aligned *** setting the scattered wavefi eld due to a crack equal to that due to an equivalent sphere,an eff ective elastic stiff ness tensor was derived for the cracked *** stability and accuracy of the approach were determined for varying background anisotropy *** results show that the anisotropy of the eff ective media is aff ected by cracks and background anisotropy for transversely isotropic background permeated by horizontally aligned cracks,especially for the elastic wave propagating along the horizontal ***,the crack orientation has a signifi cant infl uence on the elastic wave velocity *** theory was subsequently applied to model laboratory ultrasonic experimental data for artifi cially cracked samples and to model borehole acoustic anisotropy *** considering the background anisotropy,the model shows an improvement in the agreement between theoretical predictions and measurement data,demonstrating that the present theory can adequately explain the anisotropic characteristics of cracked media.

摘要：CAD model with nominal dimension is implemented in interference checking of assembly simulation of aircraft complex parts at present, which causes inadequate availability. In order to address this challenging issue, interference checking method with tolerance based on assembly dimension chain was proposed. Worst case and maximum error probability of tolerance of composing loop were used, and CAD models were respectively re-constructed and inserted into simulation system. Before dynamic interference checking, engineering semantic interference condition was set to assembly requirements. Finally, the interface checking result was a basis for reasonability of assembly process and tolerance. A prototype system was developed based on the above research.