摘要：在近距离煤层开采中,下煤层巷道的稳定性对于整个矿井的安全生产至关重要。因此,本文以兼并重组矿井华胜煤矿为工程案例,基于上煤层巷道房柱群采空区底板应力分布规律,研究了下煤层巷道的变形破坏机理及控制技术。首先,详细分析了华胜煤矿下煤层巷道的地质概况、围岩力学参数和原有支护方案,并基于现场钻孔窥视结果得到了下煤层巷道顶板房柱的具体位置,分析了下煤层巷道的非对称变形机理。然后,运用半无限平面理论计算得到了上煤层巷道房柱群采空区底板的应力分布规律。结果表明,上煤层中房柱群的不对称分布导致下煤层巷道顶板应力分布不均匀,从而引发了下煤层巷道的非对称变形,且越靠近上煤层房柱群中的煤柱,变形越大。基于此,进一步通过数值分析和现场应用对下煤层巷道位置及支护方案进行了优化和验证。华胜煤矿下煤层巷道在优化后的巷道位置及支护方案控制下整体并未出现非对称大变形。本研究结果对类似工程地质条件的下煤层巷道支护方案设计具有指导意义。

摘要：目的:掌握分叉隧道的空气流动特征与阻力损失特性是进行分叉隧道通风设计和控制的关键。本文旨在探讨小角度分叉结构中的流动特征及局部损失机制,并基于流动分离机制构建可供设计使用的分叉隧道分流局部损失系数的理论公式。创新点:1.揭示气流在小角度分叉结构中的流动分离特征及损失机制;2.提出流向偏转角假设,建立可供设计使用的分叉隧道分流局部损失预测模型。方法:1.通过数值模拟,获得隧道分叉处的流动特征(图5、6a和6d),以及分流局部损失系数随分流比及夹角的变化规律(图6b和6c);2.通过理论推导,构建小夹角分叉结构的分流局部损失系数预测公式(公式(18)和(21));3.通过现场实测,验证预测公式的可靠性(图15)。结论:1.空气在隧道分叉处的分流将导致流速和流向的变化;当分流比β较小时,流动分离出现在靠近分叉点一侧的主线边壁和远离分叉点一侧的匝道边壁;当β较大时,流动分离出现在远离分叉点一侧的主线边壁和靠近分叉点一侧的匝道边壁。2.当分流后主线与匝道的流量比q等于两者的面积比?时,主线及匝道的分流局部损失系数ξ12和ξ13最小;当q>?时,ξ12和ξ13均随β的增大而减小,且ξ13随着θ的增大而增大;当q<?时,ξ12和ξ13均随β的增大而增大,且ξ13随着θ的增大而减小。3.基于隧道分叉处的流动分离机制,提出了空气流向偏转角假设,构建了可用于预测分叉隧道分流局部损失系数的理论公式,与已有文献公式相比,具有更好的预测精度。

摘要：侧风作用是影响高速磁浮系统动力设计的重要因素之一。为获得侧风作用下高速磁浮列车-轨道梁耦合振动响应,首先,建立了风-静悬磁浮列车-轨道梁(WSMG)和风-移动磁浮列车-轨道梁(WMMG)空间耦合分析模型。然后,通过风洞试验对磁浮车辆的气动特性进行测试。磁浮列车的控制系统采用比例-积分-微分(PID)控制器和加速度反馈相结合的比例-积分-微分-加速度(PIDA)控制算法进行调控。最后,分析了平均风、脉动风、风速和车速对磁浮系统动力响应的影响。结果表明:PIDA控制算法可以消除侧风引起的磁浮间隙稳态误差,并减小大约40%的车体横向位移;均匀风只改变列车的平衡位置,脉动风和轨道不平整是引起磁浮列车-轨道系统振动的主要原因;风速对车辆的横向振动的影响更为敏感,当风速超过30 m/s时,高速磁浮列车应停止运行。

摘要：The research scope of Indian Ocean regional issues mainly includes the influence of the community of shared future for mankind on the foreign relations of Indian Ocean countries,a comparative study of Indian Ocean regional issues from the perspective of traditional Indian Ocean regional issues and think tanks,the influence of the vison of a community with a shared future for mankind on overseas Chinese community in the Indian Ocean island nation,and research paths in the Indian Ocean region from the perspective of think tanks,and so *** article focuses on the politics,economy and culture of the Indian Ocean countries,analyzes and summarizes the theoretical and practical significance of the study of the Indian Ocean region from the perspective of a community with a shared future for *** in-depth discussions on the docking status and challenges of the vison of a community with a shared future for mankind in the Indian Ocean island regions,we will promote the exchanges and mutual learning of civilizations and people-to-people bonds between china and the Indian Ocean region,and provide intellectual support for the construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area,the construction of the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road,and the construction of a community of shared future in the region.

摘要：Currently,most rock physics models,used for evaluating the elastic properties of cracked or fractured media,take into account the crack properties,but not the background *** creats the errors of in the anisotropy estimates by using fi eld logging *** this work,based on the scattered wavefi eld theory,a sphere-equivalency method of elastic wave scattering was developed to accurately calculate the elastic properties of a vertical transversely isotropic solid containing aligned *** setting the scattered wavefi eld due to a crack equal to that due to an equivalent sphere,an eff ective elastic stiff ness tensor was derived for the cracked *** stability and accuracy of the approach were determined for varying background anisotropy *** results show that the anisotropy of the eff ective media is aff ected by cracks and background anisotropy for transversely isotropic background permeated by horizontally aligned cracks,especially for the elastic wave propagating along the horizontal ***,the crack orientation has a signifi cant infl uence on the elastic wave velocity *** theory was subsequently applied to model laboratory ultrasonic experimental data for artifi cially cracked samples and to model borehole acoustic anisotropy *** considering the background anisotropy,the model shows an improvement in the agreement between theoretical predictions and measurement data,demonstrating that the present theory can adequately explain the anisotropic characteristics of cracked media.

摘要：Regulating chemical bonds to balance the adsorption and disassociation of water molecules on catalyst surfaces is crucial for overall water splitting in alkaline *** we report a facile strategy for designing Ni2W4C-W3C Janus structures with abundant Ni-W metallic bonds on surfaces through interfacial *** Ni atoms into the W3C crystals in reaction progress generates a new Ni2 W4C phase,making the inert W atoms in W3C be active sites in Ni2W4C for overall water *** Ni2W4CW3C/carbon nanofibers(Ni2 W4-W3C/CNFs)require overpotentials of 63 mV to reach 10 mA cm^-2 for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and 270 mV to reach 30 mA cm^-2 for oxygen evolution reaction(OER)in alkaline electrolyte,*** utilized as both cathode and anode in alkaline solution for overall water splitting,cell voltages of 1.55 and 1.87 V are needed to reach 10 and 100 mA cm^-2,*** functional theory(DFT)results indicate that the strong interactions between Ni and W increase the local electronic states of W *** Ni2W4C provides active sites for cleaving H-OH bonds,and the W3C facilitates the combination of Hads intermediates into H2 *** in situ electrochemical-Raman results demonstrate that the strong absorption ability for hydroxyl and water molecules and further demonstrate that W atoms are the real active sites.

摘要：This study focused on differences in vehicle-to-vehicle radio channel character- istics in the same region but different traffic density and speeds at 5.9 GHz （congestion and non-congestion）. The continuous measurement campaign was conducted on a city expressway through the complex dense urban area in Wu- hart, china. Small-scale channel characteris- tics including power delay profile, amplitude fading distribution, K-factor, delay spread and Doppler shift were obtained, respectively. Spe- cifically, the cumulative distribution function of root mean square delay spreads and root mean square Doppler spreads in the non-con- gested scenario and congested scenario were all fitted well with Lognormal distribution. We also found out that different intensity of traffic and speed of vehicles have little effect on root mean square delay spreads, but have a big im- pact on root mean square Doppler spreads and level crossing rate. According to estimation outcomes, the V2V channel characteristics for urban areas in Chinese big city were differ- ent from the previous measured results under similar scenarios in Europe. Delay spread and level crossing rate in this study can provide significant references to design the wireless communication system for vehicle-to-vehicle channel.

摘要：The relay node with linear relaying transmits the linear combination of its past received *** optimization of two-hop relay channel with linear relaying is discussed in this *** capacity for the two-hop Gaussian relay channel with linear relaying is derived,which can be formulated as an optimization problem over the relaying matrix and the covariance matrix of the signals transmitted at the *** is proved that the solution to this optimization problem is equivalent to a "single-letter" optimization *** also show that the solution to this "single-letter" optimization problem has the same form as the expression of the rate achieved by Time-Sharing Amplify and Forward(TSAF).In order to solve this equivalent problem,we proposed an iterative *** results show that if channel gain of one hop is relatively smaller,the achievable rate with TSAF is closer to the max-flow min-cut capacity bound,but at a lower complexity.

摘要：在深部巷道中使用的钢管混凝土支架与锚杆-索的耦合支护技术经常失效,导致巷道失稳。其中,增加锚杆-索的长度是一种现场常用的返修方式,但比较浪费支护材料。本文提出通过改变锚杆-索的预紧力来改善钢管混凝土支架的受力状态。首先,总结了钢管混凝土支架常见的破坏模式,并利用弹性中心法获得了钢管混凝土支架与锚索耦合支护情况下的钢管混凝土支架的内力;结果表明,施加锚索可以减小钢管混凝土支架的内力,保证其高承载力。然后,建立了钢管混凝土支架与锚杆-索在不同侧压力系数和不同耦合支护条件下的数值计算模型;进一步研究了不同侧压、不同支护方案以及在不同角度范围内增加锚杆-索预紧力下巷道围岩与支护体的应力和位移演化规律。结果表明,当锚杆和锚索预紧力分别为60和100 kN时,钢管混凝土支架与锚杆-索的耦合支护效果可以达到最佳,且最佳锚杆-索预紧力增加角度范围为15°~45°。最终将钢管混凝土支架与锚杆-索的耦合支护技术进行了现场应用,有效控制了深部巷道大变形,对深部巷道的支护方案设计具有一定的指导意义。

摘要：分段线性表示(PLR)技术目前已在多个领域被广泛用于重新表征高维的时间序列数据,以实现数据维度降低、波动过滤和整体趋势提取的目的。然而,该技术目前尚未在高速列车的隧道压力波数据的相关分析处理中得到应用。因此,本研究首次引入PLR技术对典型的高维列车压力波数据序列进行重新表征,并针对高速列车的压力波数据专门设计了一种基于感知重要点(PIP)且性能表现较好的PLR算法。研究结果表明,数据点重要性的度量方法和分段误差评估方法,特别是前者,对压力波序列的PIP的识别优先级甚至最终结果都会产生影响。与欧氏距离(ED)和正交距离(OD)相比,当将垂直距离(VD)作为数据点重要性的度量方法时,PLR_PIP算法(PLR_PIP_VD)获得了更合理的高速列车压力波的PLR结果。通过累积误差、平均误差和最大误差三种分段误差评估方法之间的对比,当将累积误差作为分段误差评估方法时,PLR_PIP_VD算法得到了相对较好的高速列车压力波的PLR结果。提出的适用于高速列车压力波PLR分析的PLR_PIP算法,为高速列车的压力波数据序列的分析处理提供了一种新的方法。