摘要：Non-pillar mining technology with automatically formed roadway is a new mining method without coal pillar reservation and roadway *** stability control of automatically formed roadway is the key to the successful application of the new *** order to realize the stability control of the roadway surrounding rock,the mechanical model of the roof and rib support structure is established,and the influence mechanism of the automatically formed roadway parameters on the compound force is *** this basis,the roof and rib support structure technology of confined lightweight concrete is proposed,and its mechanical tests under different eccentricity are carried *** results show that the bearing capacity of confined lightweight concrete specimens is basically the same as that of ordinary confined concrete *** bearing capacity of confined lightweight concrete specimens under different eccentricities is 1.95 times higher than those of U-shaped steel *** comparing the test results with the theoretical calculated results of the confined concrete,the calculation method of the bearing capacity for the confined lightweight concrete structure is *** design method of confined lightweight concrete support structure is established,and is successfully applied in the extra-large mine,Ningtiaota Coal Mine,china.

摘要：Lithography is a pivotal micro/nanomanufacturing technique,facilitating performance enhancements in an extensive array of devices,encompassing sensors,transistors,and photovoltaic *** key to creating highly precise,multiscale-distributed patterned structures is the precise control of the lithography ***,high-quality patterned ZnO nanostructures are constructed by systematically tuning the exposure and development times during *** optimizing these parameters,ZnO nanorod arrays with line/hole arrangements are successfully *** ZnO nanostructures with highly controllable morphology and structure possess discrete three-dimensional space structure,enlarged surface area,and improved light capture ability,which achieve highly efficient energy conversion in perovskite solar *** lithography process management for these patterned ZnO nanostructures provides important guidance for the design and construction of complex nanostructures and devices with excellent performance.

摘要：A study was conducted to analyze the deformation mechanism of strongly weathered quartz schist in the Daliangshan Tunnel,located in the western Transverse Mountain area.A large deformation problem was experienced during the tunnel *** mitigate this problem,a support system was designed incorporating negative Poisson ratio(NPR)anchor cables with negative Poisson ratio *** model experiments,field experiments,and numerical simulation experiments were conducted to investigate the compensation mechanical behavior of NPR anchor *** large deformations of soft rocks in the Daliangshan Tunnel are caused by a high ground stress,a high degree of joint fracture development,and a high degree of surrounding rock fragmentation.A compensation mechanics support system combining long and short NPR anchor cables was suggested to provide sufficient counter-support force(approximately 350 kN)for the surrounding rock inside the *** the NPR anchor cable support system with the original support system used in the Daliangshan tunnel showed that an NPR anchor cable support system,combining cables of 6.3 m and 10.3 m in length,effectively prevented convergence of surrounding rock deformation,and the integrated settlement convergence value remained below 300 *** study provides an effective scientific basis for resolving large deformation problems in deeply buried soft rocks in western transverse mountain areas.

摘要：本研究提出了一种基于梯度下降的轨道不平顺复原方法。基于非对称弦测法理论,轨道不平顺的复原过程可描述为一个欠定线性系统的优化问题。本文提出采用梯度下降法求解该优化问题,采用了考虑正则项的二次型代价函数。为了评估所提出方法的性能,本研究搭建了一个轨道检测小车,并在一个缩尺桥梁模型上进行了现场试验。通过与水准仪测量值的比较,验证了基于梯度下降轨道不平顺复原方法具有良好精度。与传统的需要专门设计逆滤波器的轨道不平顺复原方法相比,本研究所提出的方法物理意义明确,只需基于非对称弦测法原理建立优化模型,这表明本方法在现场实测中具有良好的可操作性。此外,重复性评估表明,在调整不同的弦长以及多次重复测量时,本研究所提出的方法可复现一致的轨道不平顺结果,表明该方法具有良好的测量重复性。本研究所提出的方法可对轨道不平顺进行准确复原,为轨道平顺性状态及时有效评估提供数据支撑,进而保证列车运行的平稳与安全。

摘要：长大铁路隧道受特殊地质条件影响可采用分岔隧道建造。然而,列车高速穿越这种复杂构型的隧道时所引起的空气动力学效应尚不清楚。为此,本文采用三维、可压缩、非定常的雷诺时均模型,模拟研究了高速列车从不同方向通过分岔隧道时引起的气动效应。研究内容主要包括入口隧道结构为单线隧道(STE)和双线隧道(DTE)两个运行环境下的车体表面和隧道壁面的压力波动、列车气动力和周围流场特征等。研究结果表明,相比STE场景,DTE场景下车体表面和单线隧道壁面的压力峰峰值更大,并且气动阻力能耗也更大,头车的平均阻力增大19.2%。然而,STE场景下列车的侧向力波动更剧烈,其峰值相比DTE场景增加26%。本文的研究发现可为特殊铁路隧道的设计和建造提供有价值的空气动力学参考。

摘要：含预切空腔的轮廓爆破技术被认为是改善高地应力下隧道轮廓成型的有效方法。然而,对这种爆破技术在不同地应力下性能的研究较少。本文通过校验后的公路隧道数值模型,调查了含预切空腔(PC)的两种典型轮廓爆破技术(即光面爆破(SB)和预裂爆破(PB))在不同地应力条件下的性能。结果表明,在耦合装药和50 MP地应力下,PCSB比PCPB能获得更好的隧道轮廓成型效果。此外,研究了两种轮廓爆破技术在不同的不耦合系数和地应力条件下的性能,发现随着地应力从30 MPa增加至50 MPa,PCSB和PCPB作用下隧道轮廓成型效果均逐渐改善。此外,在不同地应力条件下调整周边孔的不耦合系数能使PCPB形成有效的隧道轮廓。然而,对于PCSB,在不同地应力条件下,需调整所有炮孔的不耦合系数才能形成符合要求的隧道轮廓。最后通过多元非线性回归获得经验公式,本研究可以为不同地应力下使用PCSB和PCPB开挖隧道提供设计参考。

摘要：针对大断面隧道初期支护拱架在承载时易发生平面外失稳的问题,本文通过开展单拱架全比尺试验和考虑纵向连接的拱框架结构的数值试验以及现场对比试验,对纵向连接与拱架组成的拱框架结构进行优化研究,使其横向上有足够承载能力、纵向上有较高稳定性。研究结果表明,单个拱架的破坏模式是局部面外失稳导致整体承载力丧失,考虑纵向连接的拱框架结构的平面内承载力和平面外稳定性都得到增强。通过调整纵向连接间距和拱架间距也可以调整初期支护拱框架结构和喷射混凝土的内力分担比,以充分发挥初期支护的承载能力,但纵向连接间距应小于1500 mm,拱架间距也应小于1200 mm。因而,在不改变初期支护现有结构形式的前提下,通过合理地布设纵向连接与拱架形成的具有空间承载效应的拱框架结构,不仅可以保证初期支护的承载能力,而且还提高施工效率和经济效益。研究成果可指导大断面隧道初期支护结构设计。

摘要：多硫离子穿梭和锂枝晶生长严重阻碍了锂硫电池的实际应用进程,而合理的隔膜结构可以达到一石二鸟的作用.本工作设计了一种携带有分散性TiN/CoO颗粒的氮掺杂碳纳米管结构(TCCNT),并将其用于锂硫电池隔膜修饰层.TCCNT的多孔结构和表面/内部携带的TiN/CoO颗粒不但实现了对多硫化物的物理、化学吸附和快速催化转化作用,其高导电性的空腔结构和亲锂作用还能够均化锂离子流,在5 mA cm^(-2)的电流密度下实现长达2000 h的均匀锂沉积/剥离过程.TCCNT合理的结构设计有利于各材料组分之间最大限度地发挥协同效应.采用改性隔膜所组装的锂硫电池在常规和高硫载量两种情况下均表现出较好的电化学性能,表明其具有一定的实际应用潜力.

摘要：岩体强度与裂隙参数是反映工程岩体质量的基本参数,其准确获取是进行地下工程围岩分级与支护合理设计优化的前提。传统的岩体强度测试方法需要对现场围岩取芯并运至实验室测试,测试结果难以反映工程现场环境下的岩体力学性质,而对于岩体强度与裂隙参数的原位测试方法研究较少。本文基于能量守恒定律,建立了岩石切削能密度与随钻参数的关系式,构建了岩体等效强度随钻反演模型(ES-DP模型),系统开展了岩体数字钻进试验。结果表明,相对于传统测试方法,岩体等效强度随钻测试结果平均差异率为2.4%,验证了ES-DP模型对岩体等效强度测试的有效性。在此基础上,建立了岩体裂隙参数随钻识别模型,与实际测量结果相比,该模型测得的岩体裂隙位置与宽度平均精度分别为1.8和1.6 mm,测试精度较高。基于上述研究,本文提出了一种岩体强度-裂隙随钻识别方法,为实现地下工程围岩强度参数与结构特征的原位实时测试提供了新方法。

摘要：扑翼机器人是一种高仿生度的飞行器,它可以执行军事侦察和民用监测任务。在执行这些任务时,避障是一种确保扑翼机器人安全的必要功能。本文设计了一种基于单目视觉的扑翼机器人自主避障系统,其中所有图像的处理计算均使用机载处理器实现。在这个系统中,机载处理器的质量被减至48 g,以便于扑翼机器人可以携带它稳定飞行。该系统的工作流程可以分为以下几步:首先,图像采集模块获取周围环境的视频图像;然后,机载处理器通过处理扑翼机器人第一视角的光流信息来计算方向舵角度和转弯方向;最后,飞控板接收计算结果并控制扑翼机器人避开障碍物。地面站对扑翼机器人飞行过程进行实时监测,实验结果验证了本文所设计的避障系统的有效性。