摘要：摩擦发光(ML)是由机械力作用在材料上引起的发光现象。近年来,金属配合物ML材料因其独特的光学发射特性而受到广泛关注,在应力传感、防伪、结构健康监测、医疗健康、结构检测等领域有着广阔的应用前景。本文综述了近年来具有摩擦发光性质的金属配合物材料的研究进展,包括镧系金属配合物和过渡金属配合物。此外,还讨论了摩擦发光的产生机制、设计原理、光物理性质及其应用前景。本综述将为构建金属配合物摩擦发光材料以及拓展其在应力传感、结构检测等方面的应用提供启发和指导。

摘要：Electromagnetic forming is one of the high-rate forming methods that can be extensively used to form and join axisymmetric metal sheet and tube. Tendency of homogeneous radial deformation during electromagnetic compression of aluminium tube was investigated through the design optimization method based on sequential coupling numerical simulation and experiments. The results show that the tendency depends on the length ratio of tube to coil (R), which has a critical value (Rc) corresponding to the relatively homogeneous radial deformation along axial direction. The tube length relative to Rc is insensitive to the discharge voltage. When R is greater than Rc, the deformed tube presents horn shape and the shorter coil makes for local deformation. If R is less than Rc, the deformed tube presents drum shape and the longer coil contributes to larger deformation at tube end. Rc increases with coli length and could approach to 1; inversely, it could approach to 0. These results indicate the design optimization method based on the sequential coupling numerical simulation is feasible, which can be used to realize the controllable and precise deformation of metal tube.

摘要：我国高速铁路运营面临强地震的潜在危险,“以桥代路”的线路设计理念导致强地震发生时高速列车运行于桥梁上的概率大幅度增加,当前已开展了较为系统的理论和数值研究,然而研究结论缺少试验验证,缺乏进行地震下高速铁路桥上行车测试的试验系统。基于此,提出了一种在实验室内测试地震作用下高速铁路桥上行车的动态试验系统(DTS),详细讨论了该动态试验系统的关键技术问题,完成了缩尺模型试验参数的相似设计,给出了详细的系统整体设计方案,并通过演示试验和数值仿真对比分析,验证了该试验系统的准确有效性。该动态试验系统可为地震作用下高速铁路桥上行车安全研究提供了切实可行的物理模拟方法,并可为国内外相关系统的建设提供参考。

摘要：黄药对硫化矿具有很强的捕收性能,但其对黄铜矿和黄铁矿的分离效果不佳。为了有效地从黄铜矿中分离出黄铁矿,本文将四嗪硫铜官能团和疏水烃基结合,设计出一种新型的捕收剂-四嗪硫铜捕收剂。探究了四嗪硫铜捕收剂对黄铜矿和黄铁矿的浮选性能,并研究了四嗪硫铜捕收剂中不同的疏水烃链对浮选性能的影响。紫外实验结果表明,6-己基-6-甲基-1,2,4,5-四嗪-3-硫铜(HxMTT)易于与铜离子和亚铜离子结合,并在结合过程中释放氢离子进入溶液,但不易与铁离子和亚铁离子结合。原子力和接触角实验结果表明,HxMTT吸附在黄铜矿的表面,增加了黄铜矿表面的疏水性。红外和XPS实验结果进一步表明,HxMTT通过形成Cu—N和Cu—S键化学吸附在黄铜矿表面。

摘要：In order to solve the decoupling control problem of multivariable system with time delays,a new decoupling Smith control method for multivariable system with time delays was proposed. Firstly,the decoupler based on the adjoint matrix of the multivariable system model with time delays was introduced,and the decoupled models were reduced to first-order plus time delay models by analyzing the amplitude-frequency and phase-frequency characteristics. Secondly,according to the closed-loop characteristic equation of Smith predictor structure,proportion integration (PI) controllers were designed following the principle of pole assignment for Butterworth filter. Finally,using small-gain theorem and Nyquist stability criterion,sufficient and necessary conditions for robust stability were analyzed with multiplicative uncertainties,which could be encountered frequently in practice. The result shows that the method proposed has superiority for response speed and load disturbance rejection performance.

摘要：氡气是深部地下洞室建设过程中岩石破裂产生的污染性、放射性气体,深部岩体在高应力下普遍发生剪切破裂,然而,氡气释放量与岩石剪切破裂演化的相关性尚不清晰。针对这一问题,分析了完整锦屏大理岩和白鹤滩玄武岩两类岩石的放射性核素活度。自主设计了完整岩石直接剪切试验系统,并同步测量岩石破裂过程中的氡释放量。讨论了岩石剪切破裂面表面积与累积氡浓度的相关性。试验结果表明,在法向荷载相同的条件下,岩石中氡释放量随剪切位移的增大而变化,总体呈现在加载初期略有增加后小幅回落,再大幅增加至峰值释放水平,试样破坏后随着剪切位移的发展下降至稳定水平的规律。随着法向荷载的升高,初始氡浓度和峰值氡浓度均呈线性增长的趋势。通过对声发射特征参数RA-AF分布的研究,发现岩石剪切破裂面表面积与累积氡浓度具有相似的发展变化趋势。岩石剪切破裂过程中氡释放规律的揭示对深部工程排氡/隔氡设计具有重要指导意义。

摘要：This work considers those road networks in which there are multi-route choices for bifurcation-destination(or origin-destination) pairs, and designs a real-time variable message sign(VMS)-based routing control strategy in the model predictive control(MPC) framework. The VMS route recommendation provided by the traffic management authority is directly considered as the control variable, and the routing control model is established, in which a multi-dimensional control vector is introduced to describe the influence of route recommendations on flow distribution. In the MPC framework, a system optimum routing strategy with the constraints regarding drivers' acceptability with recommended routes is designed, which can not only meet the traffic management authority's control requirement but also improve drivers' satisfaction with the route guidance system. The simulation carried out shows that the proposed routing control can effectively mitigate traffic congestion, reduces followers' time delay, and improves drivers' satisfaction with routing control in road networks.

摘要：The application of new-designed levitation controller requires extensive validation prior to enter into commercial service. However, huge mounts of approximations and assumptions lead the theoretical analysis away from the engineering practice. The experimental methods are time-consuming and financial expensive, even unrealizable due to the lack of suitable sensors. Numerical simulations can bridge the gap between the theoretical analysis and experimental techniques. A complete overall dynamic model of maglev levitation system is derived in this work, which includes the simple-supported bridges, the calculation of electromagnetic force with more details, the stress of levitation modules and the cabin. Based on the aforementioned model, it shows that the inherent nonlinearity, inner coupling, misalignments between the sensors and actuators, and self-excited vibration are the main issues that should be considered during the design process of controller. Then, the backstepping controller based on the mathematical model of the module with reasonable simplifications is proposed, and the stability proofs are listed. To show the advantage of controller, two numerical simulation experiments are carried out. Finally, the results illustrating closed-loop performance are provided.

摘要：路基土的变形特性对路基结构设计和路面耐久性保持十分重要。回弹模量(M_(R))和永久变形(PD)是分别表征路基土弹塑性变形的重要指标。本文旨在通过动三轴试验探究路基黏土在偏应力、围压、含水率、加载次数及冻融循环次数条件下的变形特性演变规律。结果表明:冻融循环次数对M_(R)和PD的影响显著,且其在第1次冻融循环中衰减幅度最大,在第6次冻融循环中衰减趋于稳定。同时,在前2000次加载过程中,M_(R)迅速衰减而PD急剧增加。提出并验证了一个综合考虑偏应力、围压、含水率、加载次数及冻融循环次数影响的PD预估模型。研究结果可为路基黏土在冻融循环作用下的变形特性分析提供有效参考。

摘要：煤矿井下火灾气体的实时监测对于实现采空区自燃危险性辨识,防范重特大热动力灾害发生,保障煤矿安全生产至关重要。为解决现有非防爆型异地检测技术气体分析速度慢、系统误差大、无法实现原位在线监测的缺陷,在此提出基于非分光红外光谱(NDIR)技术的气体传感器浓度计算方法,推导了温度补偿后的NDIR传感器气体浓度计算公式;随后,以CO和CH_(4)为例计算了吸光度线性系数和温度修正系数,并进一步对比测试了CO、CO_(2)、CH_(4)和C_(2)H_(4)的计算精度和稳定性,结果表明基本误差和定量重复性均优于煤炭行业标准要求。基于NDIR技术设计了具有本质安全和防爆性能的监测主机、配套子系统及软件平台,以实现煤矿井下气体的就地采集、有源预处理、原位在线分析。现场应用表明:大南湖一矿NDIR气体在线监测与地面色谱分析的4种气体浓度偏差均在标准允许范围内。基于NDIR的气体监测系统具有精度高、分析速度快、安全性好等优点,已经在全国40余对矿井推广应用,为评价煤矿井下热动力灾害的发生发展状态、提升防灾减灾救灾能力提供了科学依据。