摘要：The application of thermoelectric devices(TEDs)for personalized thermoregulation is attractive for saving energy while balancing the quality of *** that directly attach to human skin remarkably minimized the energy wasted for cooling the entire ***,facing the extreme dynamic geometry change and strain of human skin,conventional TEDs cannot align with the contour of our bodies for the best thermoregulation ***,we designed a kirigami-based wearable TED with excellent water vapor permeability,flexibility,and *** analysis and experimental results reveal that our product can withstand various types of large mechanical deformation without circuit *** stated outcome and proposed facile approach not only reinforce the development of wearable TEDs but also offer an innovative opportunity for different electronics that require high conformability.

摘要：Advanced energy storage technologies are widely needed to efficiently utilize renewable energies such as solar and wind energy and satisfy burgeoning clean energy needs while mitigating the environmental impact of fossil fuels[1–4].Aqueous organic redox flow batteries(AORFBs)have drawn substantial attention in this area because of their decoupled energy and power,excellent scalability,and use of highly structurally tunable organic redox active species[5].

摘要：对高速边界层转捩与湍流的理解、建模与控制不但具有广泛的学术兴趣,而且对高速飞行器的设计与节能有至关重要的意义,因为转捩和湍流会急剧增加壁面摩阻和热流.根据Morkovin假设,高速流动具有一些与不可压缩流动本质上相似的特征,但另一方面,由于存在热力学过程、激波、高焓效应等多物理场耦合,与不可压缩流动也有显著区别.本文综述了高速边界层转捩与湍流的物理和建模方面的最新研究进展,其中较大部分内容为湍流研究.为了物理过程描述的完整性,我们首先简要综述了高速流动转捩,主要关注气动加热原理和推迟转捩的被动控制策略.随后,我们总结了近期在湍流平均流向速度和温度的标度率方面的一些令人鼓舞的发现,这些标度率能够用于构建一系列新颖的壁面模型以提高模式精度.此外,作为湍流建模的基础之一,我们还总结了湍流结构方面的研究,尤其关注边界层对数区含能运动的标度率与建模.另外,我们综述了各种用于预测壁湍流的线性模型.尽管湍流通常被认为是高度非线性的,这些线性模型在过去二十年的研究中取得了较大的成功.最后,我们对综述进行总结,并简要展望未来研究.

摘要：Clean and highly efficient energy production has long been sought after, as a way to solve global energy and environmental problems. Fuel cells, which convert the chemical energy stored in fuel directly into electricity, are expected to be a key enabling technology for the pressing energy issues that plague our planet. Fuel cells require oxygen as an oxidant and require oxygen tank containers when used in air-free environments such as outer space and underwater. Hydrogen peroxide has been extensively uti- lized as an alternative liquid oxidant in place of gaseous oxygen. In addition to being an oxidant, hydrogen peroxide can donate electrons in the oxidation reaction to act as a fuel. This article provides an overview of the dual role of hydrogen peroxide in fuel-cell applications, including working principle, system design, and cell performance. Recent innovations and future perspectives of fuel cells that use hydrogen peroxide are particularly emphasized.

摘要：A high-performance concrete （HPC） is required to have superior performance in various aspects such as workability,strength, durability, dimensional stability, segregation stability, and passing ability. The mix design of HPC is rather complicatedbecause the number of ingredients in HPC is usually more than those in conventional concrete and some of the required propertiesare conflicting with each other in the sense that improvement in one property would at the same time cause impairment of anotherproperty. However, there is still lack of understanding regarding how the various mix parameters should be optimised forachieving best overall performance. Most practitioners are still conducting mix design primarily through trial concrete mixing,which is laborious, ineffective, and often unable to timely respond to fluctuations in the properties of raw materials. To addressthese issues, the authors have been developing the packing and film thickness theories of concrete materials, in order to revamp themix design philosophy of HPC in terms of the water film thickness （WFT）, paste film thickness （PFT）, and mortar film thickness（MFT） in the concrete. Based on the findings from an extensive experimental programme, suitable ranges ofWFT, PFT, and MFThave been recommended.

摘要：Ceramic foam air filters with three-dimensional（3D） porous structures and high surface areas were coated with mesoporous TiO 2 thin films by the reverse micellar method. The mesoporous TiO 2 thin films efficiently photocatalytically degraded nitrogen oxide（NO）. More than 92.5% of NO was degraded in a single pass for air filter samples containing different pore densities. The 3D porous structure of the ceramic air filters enhanced flow turbulence and mixing. This provided the catalytic system with excellent gas-dynamic properties,and sufficient contact between the reactant gas and catalyst surface. The higher pore density of the ceramic foam filters resulted in a higher photocatalytic rate. More adsorption sites for water vapor and the reactant and product gases improved the photocatalytic activity. The porous ceramic air filters coated with mesoporous TiO 2 had large surface areas,and thus high photocatalytic activity. This overcame the common disadvantages associated with using powdered TiO 2 photocatalysts on substrates. The 3D porous ceramic foam filters coated with mesoporous TiO 2 thin films exhibited a higher photocatalytic degradation rate of NO in air than the same thin film deposited on flat ceramic tiles. No deactivation was observed. A consistently high NO degradation rate was obtained between reaction cycles for the TiO 2-coated 3D porous ceramic filters.

摘要：Sweat could be a carrier of informative biomarkers for health status identification;therefore,wearable sweat sensors have attracted significant attention for *** external power source is an important component of wearable sensors,however,the current power supplies,i.e.,batteries,limit further shrinking down the size of these devices and thus limit their application areas and ***,we report a stretchable self-powered biosensor with epidermal electronic format that enables the in situ detec-tion of lactate and glucose concentration in *** biofuel cells serve as self-powered sensing modules allowing the sweat sensor to exhibit a determination coefficient(R2)of 0.98 with a sensitivity of 2.48 mV/mM for lactate detection,and R2 of 0.96 with a sensitivity of 0.11 mV/μM for glucose *** microfluidic channels developed in an ultra-thin soft flexible polydimethylsiloxane layer not only enable the effective collection of sweat,but also provide excellent mechanical properties with stable performance output even under 30%*** presented soft sweat sensors can be integrated at nearly any location of the body for the continuous monitoring of lactate and glucose changes during normal daily activities such as *** results provide a promising approach to develop next-generation sweat sensors for real-time and in situ sweat analysis.

摘要：本文提出了一个采用直线开关磁阻电机作为伺服机构的新颖的太阳跟踪系统.同时也提出了三种控制器配置方案以满足不同需要.按照电磁和机械特性,该太阳跟踪系统可分解为一个电磁子系统和一个机械子系统.整个系统的控制器采用级联控制结构,分别对这两个子系统设计控制器.仿真结果表明了其建模方法和控制器设计的有效性.

摘要：由于巨大的潜在市场,乙烯的电化学氧化受到愈来愈多的关注。目前,主流的电化学氧化法仍以依赖于氧化还原媒介的介导氧化法为主,而这些媒介的使用在电解过程中产生大量的腐蚀性中间体,使其实际应用受到阻碍。直接电氧化法可有效规避此问题,但又受到低活性和低选择性的限制。在本工作中,我们针对目前最先进的钯催化直接氧化体系,在中性条件下开展了一系列电化学研究,以对该过程的机理获取更深入的认识。在氮气和乙烯氛围下,钯电极的循环伏安谱图有显著区别。我们发现电解过程中生成的Pd(Ⅱ)物种在乙烯氛围下可绕过原本的电化学还原路径,通过一个化学步还原为Pd(0),因此可能是乙烯氧化的活性位点。Pd(Ⅱ)物种所对应的还原峰也因此可作为乙烯吸附的数量的指标。通过电化学脉冲序列的设计,我们在钯催化剂上识别了两种具有不同吸附强度的乙烯,其强、弱吸附模式所对应的电荷转移比例约为0.3:1。弱吸附的乙烯在钯电极表面表现出可逆的吸脱附行为,而具有强吸附模式的乙烯无法通过物理过程脱附,可能指向到乙烯深度氧化过程。这项工作为进一步设计高性能乙烯直接电氧化催化剂提供了设计思路和方向。

摘要：本文基于分片光滑Lyapunov函数,为离散模糊动态系统提出了一种H∞无穷控制综合方法.该方法的基本思想是:通过构造模糊动态系统的控制器,使得分片光滑Lyapunov函数可用来分析闭环模糊控制系统的全局稳定性及其H∞无穷性能指标.相应的控制率可通过求解一组双线性矩阵不等式而获得.最后,给出一个例子来说明本文方法的实用性.