摘要：The effect of tumor-targeted photodynamic therapy（PDT） was improved by designing nanotheranostics to promote oxygenation in a tumor microenvironment（TME）wherein hypoxia, acidosis, and the elevated levels of H2O2 are three main characteristics. In this study, a carbon dot（CD）PDT agent recently developed by our group was firstly applied as reducing agent to react with potassium permanganate for fabricating CDs/manganese dioxide（CDs/MnO2） composites,which were in turn modified with polyethylene glycol（PEG） to form water-soluble CDs/MnO2-PEG nanohybrids. In a normal physiological environment, the as-prepared nanohybrids exhibited quenched fluorescence, weak singlet oxygen generation, and low magnetic resonance imaging（MRI） ***, given the high sensitivity of MnO2 to the TME, the CDs/MnO2-PEG nanohybrids changed from an ＂off＂ to an＂on＂ state with synchronously enhanced fluorescence, singlet oxygen generation, and MRI signal in the TME. In vitro and in vivo analyses have revealed that CDs/MnO2-PEG nanohybrids could be applied as TME-driven, turn-on nanotheranostics for the MR/fluorescence bimodal imaging-guided PDT of ***, complete clearance of CDs/MnO2-PEG nanohybrids from the body of mice was observed, indicating their low long-term toxicity and good biocompatibility. This work offers a new nanotheranostic candidate for modulating the unfavorable TME, particularly for the targeted PDT of cancer through precise positioning and oxygen generation.

摘要：过渡金属硫化物(TMDs)的带隙工程对于拓宽其在电子和光电子器件中的应用具有重要意义.本文中,我们首次报道了通过简单的一步化学气相沉积法在蓝宝石衬底上外延生长大面积、全组分可调的ZrS_(2(1-x))Se_(2x)合金薄膜.ZrS_(2(1-x))Se_(2x)合金表现出优异的单晶性和外延质量,以及均匀的元素分布,其与衬底的外延关系被确定为ZrS_(2(1-x))Se_(2x)(0001)[10-10]//蓝宝石(0001)[11-20].ZrS_(2(1-x))Se_(2x)合金的带隙随组分的变化从1.86到1.15 eV连续可调,且表现出明显的弯曲特性.基于ZrS_(2(1-x))Se_(2x)的光电探测器对可见光具有灵敏的光响应,响应时间约为100μs,随着Se组分的减少,探测器性能显著提高.本工作为合成带隙可调的ZrS_(2(1-x))Se_(2x)合金提供了一种有效方法,为设计基于TMDs的光电器件提供了极大的灵活性.

摘要：The Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) of the Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change (IPCC) concluded that the climate projection using climate models that took account of both human and natural factors provided credible quantitative estimates of future climate change; however, the mismatches between the IPCC AR4 model ensembles and the observations, especially the multi-decadal variability (MDV), have cast shadows on the confidence of the model-based decadal projections of future cli mate. This paper reports an evaluation of many individual runs of AR4 models in the simulation of past global mean tempera ture. We find that most of the individual model runs fail to reproduce the MDV of past climate, which may have led to the overestimation of the projection of global warming for the next 40 years or so. Based on such an evaluation, we propose an al ternative approach, in which the MDV signal is taken into account, to project the global mean temperature for the next 40 years and obtain that the global warming during 2011–2050 could be much smaller than the AR4 projection.

摘要：Proteins are one of the major classes of biomolecules that execute biological functions for maintenance of *** kinds of nanostructures self-assembled from proteins have been created in nature over millions of years of evolution,including protein nanowires,layers and *** protein nanostructures can be reconstructed and equipped with desired new *** from and manipulating the self-assembly of protein nanostructures not only help to deepen our understanding of the nature of life but also offer new routes to fabricate novel nanomaterials for diverse *** review summarizes the recent research progress in this field,focusing on the characteristics,functionalization strategies,and applications of protein nanostructures.

摘要：氧化锆(ZrO_(2))陶瓷具有出色的机械性能,但其应用受到低热导率(Thermal Conductivity,TC)的限制。本研究设计并通过微波烧结制备了高热导率氧化锆-氮化铝(AlN)复合陶瓷,优化制备条件后,抑制了两种物质之间的反应,获得了致密的复合陶瓷(相对密度>99%),详细研究了该复合陶瓷的组织演变、热学性能和力学性能。研究结果表明,随着AlN含量的增加,复合陶瓷的室温下热导率、热扩散系数和热容增加,分别达到41.3 W/(m·K)、15.2 mm^(2)/s和0.6 J/(g·K)。这种具有高热导率和抗热震性的ZrO_(2)-AlN复合复合陶瓷在能源系统的高温热交换材料领域具有广阔的应用前景。

摘要：The design and preparation of suitable supports are of great importance for gold catalysts to attain excellent catalytic performance for alcohol *** this work,we found that ZnO-CuO mixed oxides supported gold catalysts showed much better catalytic activity for base-free aerobic oxidation of benzyl alcohol than Au/ZnO and Au/CuO catalysts,and among them Au/Zn0.7Cu0.3O displayed the best catalytic *** addition,the Au/Zn0.7Cu0.3O catalyst could selectively catalyze the aerobic oxidation of a wide range of alcohols to produce the corresponding carbonyl compounds with high yields under mild conditions without *** characterizations indicated that the outstanding catalytic performance of Au/Zn0.7Cu0.3O was correlated with the small size of Au nanoparticles(NPs),good low-temperature reducibility,high concentration of surface oxygen species,and collaborative interaction between Au NPs and mixed oxide.

摘要：Zhejiang Province,located in the Yangtze River Delta region,is representative of China’s economically developed *** enjoys superior natural conditions and a long history of agriculture,and is a comprehensive agricultural area with integrated development of agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry and *** has nurtured the farming culture represented by Hemudu culture and Liangzhu culture,which have given rise to numerous precious Agricultural Heritage *** present,Zhejiang Province has three of the world’s Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(GIAHS)and 12 China Nationally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(China-NIAHS),so it not only has the largest number of heritages in China,but it has also attained remarkable achievements in heritage *** Zhejiang Province as an example in combination with the rural revitalization strategy,this paper summarizes the achievements in the protection of Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(IAHS)in Zhejiang Province during the past 15 years from the aspects of increasing farmers’income,cultural Inheritance and industrial upgrading,as well as the conservation experiences in government promotion,community initiative,enterprise participation,technology driving and social ***,in view of the problems that exist in the current heritage protection,such as imperfect management of heritage sites,low participation of community residents,lack of special protection funds,and imperfect provincial management system,the following countermeasures and suggestions are put forward:(1)Improve the management mechanism for the conservation and development of Agricultural Heritage Systems;(2)Develop regional public branding of agricultural products in Agricultural Heritage System sites;(3)Increase the Agricultural Heritage System science education as well as cultural and creative product development;(4)Carry out the evaluation and recognition of IAHS at the provincial level;and(5)Provide substanti

摘要：Bogies are responsible for a significant amount of aerodynamic resistance and noise,both of which negatively affect high-speed train performance and passenger *** the present study,the passive control method is applied in designing the bogie cabins of a high-speed train to improve its aerodynamic *** passive control measures are introduced,namely,adding a spoiler and creating diversion grooves near the bogie ***,the aerodynamic and aeroacoustic characteristics of a high-speed train operating at 350 km/h under different control strategies are numerically investigated using the improved-delayed-detached-eddy simulation(IDDES)and the acoustic finite element method(FEM).The impacts of passive control devices on drag reduction,slipstream,and aerodynamic noise are presented and *** results reveal that the passive control devices have a major effect on the slipstream around the *** amplitude of the fluctuating pressure is higher in the first half of the train than in the second *** first bogie has the maximum amplitude of the acoustic pressure for both the train with and without passive *** the far field,the spoiler installation and placement of the diversion grooves in the front of the bogie cabin can significantly reduce aerodynamic drag and ***,as shown in this study,using passive control methods to improve the aerodynamic and aeroacoustic properties of high-speed trains can be a viable option.

摘要：Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9(PCSK9)modulators may attenuate PCSK9-induced low-density lipoprotein receptor(LDLR)degradation in lysosome and promote the clearance of circulating low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C).A novel series of tetrahydroprotoberberine derivatives(THPBs)were designed,synthesized,and evaluated as PCSK9 modulators for the treatment of *** them,eight compounds exhibited excellent activities in downregulatinghepatic PCSK9 expression better than berberine in HepG2 *** addition,five compounds 15,18,22,(R)-22,and(S)-22 showed better performance in the low-density lipoprotein,labeled with 1,1’-dioctadecyl-3,3,3’,3’-tetramethyl-indocarbocyanine perchlorate(Dil-LDL)uptake assay,compared with berberine at the same *** 22,selected for in vivo evaluation,demonstrated significant reductions of total cholesterol(TC)and LDL-C in hyperlipidemic hamsters with a good pharmacokinetic *** exploring of the lipid-lowering mechanism showed that compound 22 promoted hepatic LDLR expression in a dose-dependent manner in HepG2 *** results of human ether-ago-go related gene(hERG)inhibition assay indicated the potential druggability for compound 22,which is a promising lead compound for the development of PCSK9 modulator for the treatment of hyperlipidemia.

摘要：The Giant Radio Array for Neutrino Detection(GRAND)is a planned large-scale observatory of ultra-high-energy(UHE)cosmic particles,with energies exceeding 10~8 Ge *** goal is to solve the long-standing mystery of the origin of UHE cosmic *** do this,GRAND will detect an unprecedented number of UHE cosmic rays and search for the undiscovered UHE neutrinos and gamma rays associated to them with unmatched *** will use large arrays of antennas to detect the radio emission coming from extensive air showers initiated by UHE particles in the *** design is modular:20 separate,independent sub-arrays,each of 10000 radio antennas deployed over 10000 km^2.A staged construction plan will validate key detection techniques while achieving important science goals *** we present the science goals,detection strategy,preliminary design,performance goals,and construction plans for GRAND.