摘要：Untreated urea-rich wastewater exerts severeadverse impacts on both the environment and human health,prompting extensive attention towards the urea oxidationreaction (UOR) as a sustainable technology to generate cleanenergy in recent years. UOR has a thermodynamic advantageover oxygen evolution reaction (OER) (1.23 V vs reversiblehydrogen electrode, RHE) and only requires 0.37 V (vs RHE),which is considered as an effective alternative to H_(2) production by water electrolysis. However, the inevitable kineticslowness and complex adsorption/desorption during the processhinder its practical application. Most traditional catalystsutilized for the UOR are comprised of precious metals, resulting in limited economic viability. Inspired by natural ureases, Ni-based catalysts have emerged as promisingalternatives owing to their rich deposits, low cost, and theregulated d orbitals of transition metal Ni, demonstratingconsiderable potential for UOR. Currently, numerous studieshave explored Ni-based hydroxides, oxides, chalcogenides, andphosphides in alkaline solutions. In this review, we will explorethe UOR reaction mechanism and summarize the catalystdesign strategies of various Ni-based catalysts recently, especially Ni-MOF, which has been rarely discussed before. Then,the broad prospects of UOR in practical applications aresummarized. Finally, based on the design strategies and performance comparisons discussed above, the challenges andprospects facing the future development of Ni-based electrocatalysts for the UOR will be presented.

摘要：A screw drive in-pipe robot is promising inspection equipment for small pipes. However, most of the existing screw drive in-pipe robots have problems of motion interference and slipping inside curved or irregular pipes. These problems result from the coupled relations among the steering motion, the motion speed and the load ability of the robot. In order to deal with the problems, the axiomatic design （AD） theory is applied to evaluate and analyze the existing designs. Then an uncoupled con- cept design based on the AD theory is proposed and the complete AD decomposition process is presented. After that, the pro- posed robot based on a tri-axial differential angle modulation mechanism is designed to realize the uncoupled concept. Finally, the uncoupled property is verified in a dynamics simulation system. The simulation results indicate that the mc tion speed, load ability and steering motion of the proposed robot can be adjusted individually compared with the robots taat have inclin- ing-angle-fixed rollers. Owing to the uncoupled design, the proposed robot can mechanically adapt to straight pipes and curved pipes with less roller slipping.

摘要：The high-current superconducting proton linac is being studied for the accelerator-driven system （ADS） project undertaken by the Chinese Academy of sciences. The injector II will be operated at 162.5 MHz, and the proton out from the RFQ with an energy of 2.5 MeV will .be accelerated to 10 MeV by two cryo-modules, which are composed of eight superconducting half wave resonance cavities and nine solenoids. In this paper, the design and beam simulation of the superconducting section of the injector Ⅱ, the acceptance calculation and a stability analysis are presented.

摘要：It has made significant progress in catalyst andreactor design for commercial current densities in CO_(2) electroreduction(CO_(2)ER).However,these catalyst systems haverarely been applied for a C2 gas product of ethane due to itscommonly inferior selectivity relative to other C1 and ***,bamboo-like amorphous Ni(OH)_(2) nanotubes wrapped Cu nanoparticles composite(Cu NPs@aNi(OH)_(2)NTs)are constructed for selective CO_(2)ER to ethane ina flow *** unique structure of Cu NPs@a-Ni(OH)_(2) NTsprovides a confined geometry to improve the adsorption of thereactive *** interface of Cu NPs and a-Ni(OH)_(2) NTs isstabilized by generating some NiOH *** producedCu@NiOH interface enhances the activation of CO_(2) to*C*OOH and strengthens the adsorption of*COL on Cu sitefor more*COH formation and its dimerization for finalethane ***,amorphous Ni(OH)_(2) nanotubes promote water dissociation for the hydrogenation ofcarbonous intermediates,contributing to ethane *** synthesized Cu NPs@a-Ni(OH)_(2) NTs can reach a Faradaicefficiency of 48.3%and a partial current density of−226.7 mA cm^(−2) for ethane at−0.7 V in a flow cell,with aremarkable stability for 24 *** work provides a rationalstrategy to engineer Cu-based composite for selective CO_(2)ERto ethane in a flow cell.

摘要：Machine learning (ML) has been widely used todesign and develop new materials owing to its low computational cost and powerful predictive capabilities. In recentyears, the shortcomings of ML in materials science have gradually emerged, with a primary concern being the scarcity ofdata. It is challenging to build reliable and accurate ML modelsusing limited data. Moreover, the small sample size problemwill remain long-standing in materials science because of theslow accumulation of material data. Therefore, it is importantto review and categorize strategies for small-sample learningfor the development of ML in materials science. This reviewsystematically sorts the research progress of small-samplelearning strategies in materials science, including ensemblelearning, unsupervised learning, active learning, and transferlearning. The directions for future research are proposed, including few-shot learning, and virtual sample *** importantly, we emphasize the significance of embedding material domain knowledge into ML and elaborate on thebasic idea for implementing this strategy.

摘要：The low temperature,high salt content,and bacterial composition of a seawater environment can induce severe infections in open wounds,thus impeding wound *** date,numerous wound dressings have been developed for injuries and various antibacterial ***,ordinary antibacterial strategies could not provide long-term resistance to infections and could not promote wound ***,we proposed a strategy for enhancing resistance to seawater immersion wound infection by killing bacteria and delivering bacterial antigens in ***,MXene-embedded tannin-Eu^(3+)(M@TA-Eu)particles were constructed to effectively alleviate injuries infected through seawater immersion and persistently fight infection by forming in situ bacterial vaccines and immune *** the particle,the platform composed of TA and Eu3+exhibited provascularization and antigen presentation *** with near-infrared photothermal effect were introduced to kill the bacteria,promote the recruitment of antigen presentation cells,and ultimately enhance vaccination *** results showed that the particles not only effectively accelerated the healing of injuries by relieving wound inflammation and inhibiting bacteria but also produced a potent vaccination by forming in situ bacterial ***,the M@TA-Eu particles are novel materials for high-grade anti-infection dressing.

摘要：The china Accelerator Driven Subcritical System （china-ADS） project, which is a strategic plan and aims to design and build an ADS demonstration facility, has been proposed and launched actively in china. Injector Ⅱ as one of the parallel injectors of china-ADS, and is prompted by the Institute of Modern Physics （IMP）. In this paper, a new scheme with full period lattice structure for the SC section is proposed. In the new scheme, there are sixteen periods, with one superconducting solenoid and one superconducting cavity included in each period. All of the elements are contained in four eryomodules. The dreadful influence of the mismatch caused by period structural change can be avoided, and the beam quality is favorable. In addition, this new scheme has certain advantages in reducing the project＇s difficulty and construction risk. The details of the design and beam dynamic simulation for the full period lattice structure are given in this paper.

摘要：β-Lapachone (β-Lap) is a promising orthonaphthoquinone drug for cancer treatment and has been inclinical trials. Its application is constrained by the low aqueoussolubility, and severe side effects. Even prodrug designation isan effective approach to render it with tumor selectivity, it islimited by the lack of modifiable groups on β-Lap. Herein, anovel azo bond primary cleavage and carbon–carbon (C–C)bond secondary cleavage-based polymeric β-Lap prodrug(Azo-Lap NP) is designed, in which the self-immolated paraaminobenzyl linker is connected to poly(L-glutamic acid)(PGlu) via azo linkage and the responsive drug release of β-Lapagainst tumors can be achieved under high NAD(P)H:quinoneoxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) expression and low pH environmentin tumors. The effective covalent loading of β-Lap by Azo-LapNPs permitted a high administration dose of β-Lap and enabled significant tumor retention time. Moreover, Azo-LapNPs markedly reduced the side effects of β-Lap by avoidinghemolysis and the production of methemoglobin. The safety ofAzo-Lap NPs administration is validated in the antitumorexperiment of mice. In the 4T1 model, Azo-Lap NPs exhibiteda markedly higher tumor suppression rate than β-Lap. Thiswork provides an effective and safe polymeric prodrug fortumor selective delivery of β-Lap.

摘要：In this paper, we study a new metric for slowly rotating charged Gauss-Bonnet black holes in higher-dimensional anti-de Sitter space. Taking the angular momentum parameter a up to second order, the slowly rotating charged black hole solutions are obtained by working directly in the action.

摘要：A novel hybrid algorithm named ABC-BBO, which integrates artificial bee colony(ABC) algorithm with biogeography-based optimization(BBO) algorithm, is proposed to solve constrained mechanical design problems. ABC-BBO combined the exploration of ABC algorithm with the exploitation of BBO algorithm effectively, and hence it can generate the promising candidate individuals. The proposed hybrid algorithm speeds up the convergence and improves the algorithm's performance. Several benchmark test functions and mechanical design problems are applied to verifying the effects of these improvements and it is demonstrated that the performance of this proposed ABC-BBO is superior to or at least highly competitive with other population-based optimization approaches.