摘要：In this paper,we propose a homogenization theory for designing graded viscoelastic sonic crystals（VSCs） which consist of periodic arrays of elastic scatterers embedded in a viscoelastic host *** extend an elastic homogenization theory to VSC by using the elastic-viscoelastic correspondence principle and propose an analytical effective loss factor of *** results of VSC and the equivalent structure calculated by using the finite element method are in good *** to the relation of the effective loss factor to the filling fraction,a graded VSC plate is easily and quickly ***,the graded VSC may have potential applications in the vibration absorption and noise reduction fields.

摘要：缩小的扁平的板的一个全面二维的数字模型毛状的抽的环( CPL )蒸发器被开发在多孔的灯芯结构描述液体和蒸汽流动，热转移和阶段变化，在赔偿洞的液体流动和热转移和在蒸汽沟和金属性的墙的热转移。全部蒸发器作为一个 conjugate 问题与简单算法被解决。缩小的扁平的板 CPL 蒸发器的表演上的金属性的方面墙的热传导的效果被分析，并且站在一起墙效果热转移限制被介绍估计蒸发器的表演。在灯芯内的蒸汽液体接口的形状和地点被计算，蒸发器表演上的应用的热流动，使过冷的液体，灯芯材料和金属性的墙材料的影响详细被调查。获得的数字结果为缩小的扁平的板蒸发器表演优化和 CPL 的设计是有用的。

摘要：This paper presents some new dynamic interaction analysis approaches for square or non-square systems and a pairing evaluation method. For square stable systems, an open-loop approach is proposed, which features the tradeoff between the contributions of response time constant and delay time to relative gain. For non-square stable systems, an extension from the proposed open-loop approach for square systems is presented and the corresponding pairing procedure is given. No interaction analysis approach is perfect for all systems, so any recommended pairing needs to be examined. An evaluation method is proposed in closed-loop with optimal controllers for each loop and whether the pairing is appropriate can be evaluated through testing if the equivalent relative gain is within defined scope. The advantages and effectiveness of proposed interaction analysis approaches and pairing evaluation method are highlighted via several examples of industrial processes.

摘要：The mechanical properties dependence on the microstructure was reviewed and analyzed,and the ultrafine grained duplex microstructure of BCC matrix and large fractioned austenite was given as one of the optimum structures to develop the third generation steel with high strength and high *** medium-Mn steels with different carbon contents processed by austenite reverted transformation(ART-annealing) were studied thoroughly to fabricate the ultrafine duplex steels with large fractioned *** lamellar typed ultrafine structure,the granular typed ultrafine duplex structure and the corresponding mechanical properties of the medium-Mn steels processed by ART-annealing were demonstrated in this *** was revealed that the duplex structure with large fraction of austenite and ultrafine grain structure is capable of producing steels with excellent combination of strength and ductility,i.e.,Rm A about 30-50 GPa%,which is about two times of that of the conventional automobile steels and close to that of the TWIP *** was concluded that the ART-annealing of the medium-Mn steels would be at least one of the promising ways to fabricate the third generation automobile steels in the near future.

摘要：玻璃形成能力是金属玻璃领域中长期存在的问题,它极大地限制了金属玻璃的最大铸造尺寸和广泛应用.在本研究中,我们报道了超声辅助快速冷焊接块体金属玻璃的方法.在不需要焊料的情况下,通过20,000赫兹的高频振动实现了不同组分金属玻璃的结合,并且保证了金属玻璃的非晶态特性.超声技术有低温低压快速焊接的优点,其中焊接温度接近室温,压强小于1 MPa,焊接时间小于1 s.根据观察到的现象,随着金属玻璃氧化层的不断破裂,金属玻璃被超声振动激活并通过破裂的氧化层扩散到基体中,同时超声振动加速了扩散的过程,最终实现金属玻璃界面的稳定结合.这种普适性的超声辅助焊接工艺可以实现金属玻璃的大块化,以及不同组分的非晶态复合材料与新性能的设计.

摘要：科学正在进入一个新时代——第五范式——它被认为是知识整合到不同领域的主要特征,是基于无所不在的机器学习系统的计算社区中智能驱动的工作。在此,我们通过在天河一号超级计算机系统上构建的催化材料专门设计的典型平台案例,生动地阐明了第五范式的本质,旨在促进第五范式在其他领域的培养。第五范式平台主要包括模型自动构建(原始数据提取)、指纹自动构建(神经网络特征选择)以及跨学科知识串联的重复迭代(“火山图”)。与分解一起进行的是对迭代中实现的体系结构的性能评估。通过讨论,第五范式的智能驱动平台可以极大地简化和改进研究中极其繁琐和具有挑战性的工作,并通过补偿机器学习中缺少样本和替代一些由于计算资源不足而导致的数值计算来实现数值计算与机器学习之间的相互反馈,从而加速探索过程。在数据驱动的学科中,跨学科专家的协同作用和对动态数据需求的急剧增长仍然是一个挑战。我们相信,对第五范式平台的一瞥可以为其在其他领域的应用铺平道路。

摘要：The eukaryotic genome is packaged into a complex nucleoprotein structure named chromatin, balancing the compactness of genome and the accessibility of regulatory proteins and RNA polymerases to DNA. The mechanisms of the regulation of chromatin dynamics include the post-translational modification of histones, alteration of nucleosome positions by chromatin remodelers, replacement of canonical histones by histone variants with the aid of histone chaperones, and dynamic organization of the three-dimensional genome in the small nucleus. Histone variants are different from canonical histones by substitution of several amino acid residues or changes in amino acid sequence. Histone variants perform specialized functions such as altering nucleosome stability, dynamics, structure, as well as playing critical roles in a range of biological processes like transcriptional regulation, DNA repair and recombination, development and immune responses. Here we discuss how histone variants, their modification and specific loading to chromatin are involved in transcriptional regulation, DNA repair and plant development.

摘要：二氧化碳作为主要的温室气体导致了全球变暖,并威胁着生态系统的平衡.有效捕获二氧化碳并将其转化为增值化学品具有重要的意义,但也充满挑战.作为一种新兴的多孔晶态材料,共价有机框架(COFs)不仅能有效吸附气体,而且可作为化学转化催化剂.本文报道了一种由亚胺连接的含夹层钴配合物的COF(Co-BD-COF), Co-BD-COF表现出较高的结晶度和较大的比表面积. Co-BD-COF还兼具丰富的金属位点和较高的孔隙率,能有效地催化CO_(2)转化为环状碳酸酯.此外,Co-BD-COF在环加成反应中表现出对小体积的环氧乙烷衍生物的高效选择性,这种高效选择性来源于夹层钴配合物周围的苯基部分所形成的空间位阻作用.将金属夹层配合物构筑到COF骨架,为提高COFs的催化选择性提供了一种新的设计策略.

摘要：动态自适应高分子凝胶具备可逆转变的特性,如可切换的力学状态,因而具有更多样化的功能及应用,受到广泛关注.然而,大多数现有材料的可切换状态或可逆转变能力有限.本文利用高分子-高分子间相互作用与高分子-溶剂间相互作用的竞争,发展了一种溶剂置换策略来可逆切换动态凝胶的交联网络结构及其力学性能.当高分子-高分子间相互作用优于高分子-溶剂间相互作用时,高分子网络由松散的交联模式转变为密集的交联模式,此时,凝胶从软弱的状态转变为强韧的状态.这种转变可以通过恢复高分子-溶剂间相互作用而逆转.此外,该力学性能可调的高分子凝胶在极端条件下还表现出不干燥和抗冻的性质.这项工作提出了一种简单而高效的可逆调控高分子凝胶结构与性能的策略,并为设计开发智能和适应性凝胶材料提供了理论基础.

摘要：功能的密度和许多身体不安理论计算被执行调查基本、光的 bandgap，激子绑定精力和正常和设计紧张、设计扭曲的很少层黑人磷(BP ) 的光吸收性质。我们发现很少层 BP 的基本 bandgaps 能被层叠和在里面飞机紧张设计，到他们的联系激子绑定精力的线性关系地。紧张依赖者光吸收行为也是各向异性的象紧张 monotonically 蓝移动的第一座吸收山峰的位置为事件光适用于任何一个方向，这极化了扶手椅方向，而是这沿着之字形方向为那不是事实。给那些惹人注目的性质，我们为更潜在地造建议了二台原型设备平衡轻吸收器和灯过滤通行证，它在 nanoelectronics 和光电子支持 BP 的进一步的应用和调查。