摘要：Cell spheroids are markedly more representative of the native tissue and the in vivo environment than traditional two-dimensional(2D)cultured cells,thus offering tremendous potential in cell biology research,tissue engineering,and drug ***,it is crucial to develop materials and methods for efficient production of cell ***,currently developed materials,including natural and synthetic hydrogels,present drawbacks,such as undefined ingredients and imperfect biocompatibility,which hinder their widespread *** this study,we have rationally designed biotinylated peptides that can self-assemble into supramolecular hydrogels(termed SupraGel)for 3D cell *** introduction of one D-amino acid in the peptide may decrease cell-matrix interactions,thus facilitating spontaneous cell spheroid *** cancer cell lines,MCF-7 and 4T1,and intestinal stem cells(ISCs)can efficiently divide into cell spheroids when cultured in *** reversible shear-thinning and recovery behavior of SupraGel is highly suitable for live-cell embedding and cell spheroid *** mechanical properties of SupraGel can be easily tuned by adjusting the peptide concentration,thus enabling its suitability for the 3D culture of diverse cell *** envision the significant potential of our SupraGel for applications in cell therapy,regenerative medicine,and drug screening.

摘要：In order to solve the problem of high missed rate of camellia fruits and high damage rate of flower buds during vibratory picking,through the study on the biological characteristics of camellia tree,the crown of camellia tree was divided into upper and lower canopy at the maximum canopy diameter.A kind of vibration plate type camellia fruit picking machine was *** structure and working principle of the whole machine were *** the analysis of the factors of camellia fruit abscission,it is concluded that frequency,amplitude and working time are the main factors affecting the magnitude of inertia *** preliminary research and coupling simulation,the horizontal range of each factor is determined:operation time is 5 s,10 s,15 s,frequency is 3 Hz,5 Hz,7 Hz and amplitude is 50 mm,60 mm,70 *** tests were carried out on the upper and lower canopies successively,and the comprehensive scoring method was used to analyze the orthogonal test *** results showed that the optimal combination of working parameters for picking camellia in the upper canopy was A3B3C2,that is,the operation time was 15 s,the amplitude was 70 mm and the frequency was 5 *** this condition,the missed picking rate of camellia fruits was 8.21%and the rate of flower buds damage was 9.12%.The optimal combination of working parameters for picking camellia fruits in the lower canopy was A3B1C3,that is,the operation time was 15 s,the amplitude was 50 mm and the frequency was 7 *** this condition,the rate of missing picking of camellia fruits was 6.84%and the rate of flower buds damage was 6.92%.

摘要：Long-segment defects remain a major problem in clinical treatment of tubular tissue *** design of tubular scaffold with desired structure and functional properties suitable for tubular tissue regeneration remains a great challenge in regenerative ***,we present a reliable method to rapidly fabricate tissueengineered tubular scaffold with hierarchical structure via 4-axis printing *** fabrication process can be adapted to various biomaterials including hydrogels,thermoplastic materials and thermosetting *** polycaprolactone(PCL)as an example,we successfully fabricated the scaffolds with tunable tubular architecture,controllable mesh structure,radial elasticity,good flexibility,and luminal *** a preliminary demonstration of the applications of this technology,we prepared a hybrid tubular scaffold via the combination of the 4-axis printed elastic poly(glycerol sebacate)(PGS)bio-spring and electrospun gelatin *** scaffolds seeded with chondrocytes formed tubular mature cartilage-like tissue both via in vitro culture and subcutaneous implantation in the nude mouse,which showed great potential for tracheal cartilage reconstruction.

摘要：在数字散斑干涉测量中,对于给定尺寸的CCD,很难在不影响形变测量横向分辨率的情况下扩大视野。针对该问题,提出了一种在不影响横向分辨率的情况下拼接多个子图像相位以扩大视野的方法。设计并搭建了一套多CCD实验装置来获取多个子图像。利用重叠区域解包裹后的相位图估计相邻子图像之间的相对位置并补偿相位偏差,实现正确的相位拼接。为了使用尽可能少的CCD获得尽可能大的视野,分析了重叠区域大小对拼接效果的影响。权衡视野和精度,重叠区域的最佳尺寸约为10%。所提方法在只使用两个CCD的条件下实现了视野从5.5 cm×4 cm扩大到10 cm×4 cm。拼接前后重叠区域的最大相对误差小于1%,证明了该方法的有效性。此外,还比较了所提方法与单CCD的形变测量均方根误差(RMSE)。结果表明,提出的方法具有与单CCD形变测量接近的测量精度。

摘要：Thanks to the fast improvement of the computing power and the rapid development of the computational chemistry and biology,the computer-aided drug design techniques have been successfully applied in almost every stage of the drug discovery and development pipeline to speed up the process of research and reduce the cost and risk related to preclinical and clinical *** to the development of machine learning theory and the accumulation of pharmacological data, the artificial intelligence(AI) technology, as a powerful data mining tool, has cut a figure in various fields of the drug design, such as virtual screening,activity scoring, quantitative structure-activity relationship(QSAR) analysis, de novo drug design, and in silico evaluation of absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity(ADME/T) properties. Although it is still challenging to provide a physical explanation of the AI-based models, it indeed has been acting as a great power to help manipulating the drug discovery through the versatile frameworks. Recently, due to the strong generalization ability and powerful feature extraction capability,deep learning methods have been employed in predicting the molecular properties as well as generating the desired molecules,which will further promote the application of AI technologies in the field of drug design.

摘要：天然气的运输与储存均以液态(LNG)为宜。近几十年来,随着混合制冷剂天然气液化流程的飞速发展,出现了种类繁多的结构形式,为业界提供了丰富的选择。针对种类繁多的混合制冷剂天然气液化流程,本文提出了一个新的分类框架,并在此基础上介绍了每一类中具有特色的商业化流程或专利设计中的结构特点;同时,整理和讨论了这些流程所采用的制冷剂组合和运行参数(包括运行压力、每一级的制冷温度和蒸发压力位的数量等),并将单位液化功作为最重要的性能指标。本综述旨在从流程结构的角度厘清混合制冷剂天然气液化流程的发展历程,以及展示流程之间结构性的区别,为从业人员选择合适流程提供参考,同时也为已有流程性能的优化以及新流程的构建提供依据与建议。

摘要：本文研究了一种基于PID的排种器电驱控制系统,取消了播种机采用地轮和链条驱动的方式,提高了播种机的播种质量和作业速度。采用PID算法控制排种盘转速,在目标转速与当前转速差异较大时,加入PID积分分离算法,以减少转速的超调量。通过整定后的PID参数为:K_p=16、K_i=0.05、K_d=36,在其排种盘转速范围为0~24 r/min时,响应时间、超调量、稳态误差分别为0.4秒,1.56%和0.75%。试验结果表明,在12 km/h的高速播种作业条件下,采用该电驱控制系统的排种器排种单粒率仍然可达到98.4%,其重播率和漏播率小于1%。采用本文研究的基于PID算法的排种控制系统可以获得良好的排种质量和更高的排种速度,使排种器更适宜高速精量播种。

摘要：开发高熵硼化物材料的功能特性对于拓宽其在极端环境中的潜在应用至关重要.为此,本文通过调控材料的组分开发出具有高效催化性能的高熵二硼化物(HEB_(2))纳米颗粒:首先基于对HEB_(2)的尺寸差异因子、混合焓以及体系自蔓延燃烧模式的理论分析,我们采用一种简便、快速、低成本的燃烧合成方法合成了6种不同组分的HEB_(2)纳米颗粒;然后,通过对材料的组分进行调控实现了HEB_(2)纳米颗粒活化过硫酸盐降解抗生素的高效催化能力(四环素的最高去除效率可达93.5%).不同吸附位点的吸附能和差分电荷密度的第一性原理计算结果进一步证实了HEB_(2)优异的催化性能主要归因于Ti组元,而非高熵效应.此外,基于检测到的活性氧和计算的反应能垒,我们提出了HEB_(2)活化过硫酸盐降解抗生素的潜在催化机理.本研究不仅为HEB_(2)高效催化降解抗生素的组分设计提供了理论依据,而且显示出HEB_(2)在去除自然水体中新污染物方面的潜在应用前景.

摘要：In this study, the authors developed a new irrigation scheme based on the Noah land surface model, and then coupled it with the Weather research and Forecasting regional climate model. Two simulations （with and without irrigation） were conducted over the Yellow River basin for the period April to October 2000-2010. The results indicated that the WRF model is able to successfully capture the spatial pattern and seasonal changes in observed temperature and precipitation over the Yellow River basin. When irrigation was induced, the mean surface air temperature at 2 m （T2m） decreased by 0.1-0.4 K, and there was a correspond increase （decrease） in latent （sensible） heat flux over the irrigated areas, wherein the increase （decrease） reached more than 10 W m-2 over the largest irrigated areas. The cooling effect was consistent with the changes in evapotranspiration and heat fluxes due to *** changes in lifting condensation level and planetary boundary layer height led to a greater probability of cloud formation and bore a close association with surface fluxes and soil moisture, which then impacted the spatial distribution of T2rn and precipitation.

摘要：Designing and constructing bifunctional electrocatalysts with high efficiency,high stability and low cost for overall water splitting to produce clean hydrogen fuel is attractive but highly *** we constructed puffed quaternary FexCoyNi1-x-yP nanoarrays as bifunctional electrodes for robust overall water *** iron was used as the modulator to manipulate the electron density of NiCoP nanoarray,which could increase the positive charges of metal(Ni and Co)and P *** resultant electronic structure of FexCoyNi1-x-yP was supposed to balance the adsorption and desorption of H and accelerate the oxygen evolution reaction(OER)***,the morphological structure of FexCoyNi1-x-yP was modulated through the kinetically controlled alkaline etching by using the amphoteric features of initial FeCoNi hydroxide *** resultant puffed structure has rich porosity,cavity and defects,which benefit the exposure of more active sites and the transport of mass/*** a result,the cell integrated with the puffed quaternary FexCoyNi1-x-yP nanoarrays as both the cathode and anode only requires the overpotentials of 25 and 230 mV for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and OER at the current density of 10 mA cm^-2 in alkaline media and a cell voltage of 1.48 V to drive the overall water ***,the puffed FexCoyNi1-x-yP demonstrates remarkable durability for continuous electrolysis even at a large current density of 240 mA cm^-2.