摘要：Cancer is the most common cause of human mortality and has created an unbridgeable health gap due to its unrestrained aberrant proliferation,rapid growth,metastasis,and high *** two-dimensional cell culture and animal models for tumor diagnostic and therapeutic studies have extremely low clinical translation rates due to their intrinsic *** tumor models are therefore required for cancer *** human three-dimensional(3D)cancer models stand out for their ability to better replicate the spatial organization,cellular resources,and microenvironmental features(e.g.,hypoxia,necrosis,and delayed proliferation)of actual human ***,the fabrication of these models can be achieved by an emerging technology known as 3D bioprinting,which allows for the fabrication of living structures by precisely regulating the spatial distribution of cells,biomolecules,and matrix *** aim of this paper is to review the current technologies and bioinks associated with 3D bioprinted cancer models for glioma,breast,liver,intestinal,cervical,ovarian,and neuroblastoma,as well as,advances in the applications of 3D bioprinted-based tumor models in the fields of tumor microenvironment,tumor vascularization,tumor stem cells,tumor resistance and therapeutic drug screening,tumorimmunotherapy,and precision medicine.

摘要：According to the bedridden patient＇s physical condition, one kind of electric nursing bed which can be used in the smart home environment and realize many＇ kinds of posture transformation. This paper introduces the mechanical system design of the electric nursing bed and the method of integration with the smart home environment, designs the combined bed board and the mechanical structure of posture transformation, remote controlling equipments in the smart home environment.

摘要：In order to reduce nursing intensity and improve freedom of the elderly and the disabled, a multi-function nursing wheelchair which can switch chair to bed and realize many kinds of posture transformation is designed. This paper introduces the mechanical structure design （position adjustment mechanism and variable wheelbase mechanism） and control design of posture transformation unit of multifunctional nursing wheelchair.

摘要：This study aimed to explore whether reductive soil disinfestation（RSD） is an effective method of controlling continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon. Samples of watermelon continuous cropping soils were treated by RSD in laboratory tests and pot experiments in August 2015 and from December 10,2016 to April 10,2017. The soil samples for the laboratory test were divided into 16 groups,and each group comprised three parallel samples of 100 g（dry soil weight）. Except for the original and control（CK） samples,the 14 other groups of soil samples were treated with different combinations of 1% or 3% alfalfa powder,1% or 3% ammonia（NH3） water,and 1% or 3% acetic acid. The soil samples were placed inside size-five self-styled plastic bags and incubated in a constant-temperature biochemical incubator at 35°C for 14 days after blending,flooding,and sealing. Seven groups of soil samples were designed for the pot experiments based on the laboratory test results. Each group consisted of 30 parallel samples of 3 kg（dry soil weight）. These samples were incubated outdoors for 4 months after mixing with alfalfa powder and/or NH3 and/or acetic acid according to the experimental design,blending,flooding,and sealing. Watermelon seedlings were planted in the air-dried soil samples from May to July in 2017. The results showed that the p H of the soil samples treated by RSD were elevated except for those samples with acetic acid. In addition,the electrical conductivities of the soil samples treated by RSD were effectively adjusted. The presence of soil-borne pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum ***. niveum was significantly suppressed（p 0.05） in soil samples treated by RSD,and the incidence and mortality rate of watermelons planted in these samples were remarkably lower than those planted in the CK and flooded CK soil samples. Therefore,continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon can be controlled by RSD.

摘要：[Objective] This study was conducted optimize the conditions for the ex- traction of melanin from walnut husk. [Method] Melanin was isolated from walnut husk through alkali extraction and acid precipitation, and the factors that may influ- ence the extraction efficiency： temperature, duration, NaOH concentration and solid- liquid ratio were set at different levels. [Result] The optimal conditions for the ex- traction of melanin from walhut husk were temperature of 80 ℃, extraction duration of 120 min, NaOH concentration of 70 mol/L, and solid-liquid ratio of 1：20. [Conclu- sion] The optimal conditions for the extraction of melanin from walnut husk deter- mined in the present study will provide references for the development and utiliza- tion of natural melanin.