摘要：Porous titanium(Ti)scaffolds have been extensively utilized as bone substitute scaffolds due to their superior biocompatibility and excellent mechanical ***,naturally formed TiO2 on the surface limits fast *** biomolecules have been widely utilized to overcome this issue;however,homogeneous porous Ti scaffolds could not simultaneously deliver multiple biomolecules that have different release *** this study,functionally graded porous Ti scaffolds(FGPTs)with dense inner and porous outer parts were fabricated using a two-body combination and densification *** with growth factor(BMP-2)and antibiotics(TCH)exhibited suitable mechanical properties as bone substituting material and presented good structural *** release of BMP-2 was considerably prolonged,whereas the release of TCH was comparable to that of homogenous porous titanium scaffolds(control group).The osteogenic differentiation obtained using FGPTs was maintained due to the prolonged release of *** antimicrobial properties of these scaffolds were verified using *** in terms of prior release *** addition,various candidates for graded porous Ti scaffolds with altered pore characteristics were presented.

摘要：The aim of this study was to design and evaluate extended-release formulations of a model drug,nicorandil,in order to achieve the desired steady-state plasma concentration of drug in *** was employed to estimate optimum dissolution and absorption rate of *** dissolution test was employed using pH 1.2,4.0,6.8 buffer solution,or water,to measure the in vitro release behaviors of nicorandil formulations.A single dose(15 mg)of each formulation was orally administered to four beagle dogs under fasted conditions,and the pharmacokinetic parameters were *** in vitro/in vivo relationship of the extended-release formulation was confirmed using in vitro dissolution profiles and plasma concentrations of drug in beagle *** was released completely within 30 min from the immediate-release tablets and released for 24 h from the extended-release *** nicorandil plasma concentration could be modified by adjusting the drug release rate from the extended-release *** release rate of nicorandil was the rate-limiting step in the overall absorption of drug from the extendedrelease *** results highlight the potential of a nicorandil extended-release formulation in the treatment of angina pectoris.

摘要：Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world underlining the importance of efficient treatments including disease modeling and drug discovery by cardiac tissue ***,the predictive power of these applications is currently limited by the immature state of the ***,we developed gelatin hydrogels chemically crosslinked by genipin,a biocompatible crosslinker,as cell culture *** rat cardiomyocytes appear synchronous beatingwithin 2 days after seeding on ***,we applied the electrical stimulation as a conditioning treatment to promote the maturation of cardiomyocytes cultured on the *** results show that electrical stimulation improves the organization of sarcomeres,establishment of gap junctions,calcium-handling capacity and propagation of pacing signals,thereby,increase the beating velocity of cardiomyocytes and responsiveness to external *** above system can be applied in promoting physiological function maturation of engineered cardiac tissues,exhibiting promising applications in cardiac tissue engineering and drug screening.

摘要：目的:调查日本结核菌耐药的流行情况。设计:收集2002年6—11月在99个参与调查的医院就诊的3 122例病人的菌株,采用比例法对4种一线抗结核药物异烟肼(INH)、利福平(RMP)、链霉素(SM)和乙胺丁醇(EMB)进行药物敏感性测定。结果:新病人的耐药率为:INH 2.8%、RMP1.0%、SM 7.0%、EMB 0.9%。接受过治疗的病人的耐药率为:INH 18.9%、RMP 11.0%、SM 14.4%、EMB 8.4%。每种药物的耐药率在新病人和复治病人中均有显著性差异。除EMB外,各种药物的耐药率从1997年开始呈现下降趋势。结论:本研究显示2002年与1997年相比,除耐多药外,主要抗结核药物的初始耐药率和获得性耐药率明显的下降。日本需要进一步加强高质量的DOTS。