摘要：压力传感器仍然面临着将高灵敏度与宽检测范围相结合的挑战.基于此,我们设计了一种拉-压转换(TC)结构,并将其与变刚度策略相结合来制造压力传感器件.该结构能够将二维可拉伸材料的传感性能转换为三维可压缩设备的传感性能.传感和机械性能可以使用模拟和理论计算进行设计.斜面结构能够在24.3 N范围内提供线性传感.变刚度设计策略使传感器能够以高灵敏度(3.5 N^(-1))感知较小载荷,并具有宽的检测范围(0.002–24.300 N,扩展范围82.6 N).此外,该传感结构可以在水下环境中稳定工作.这种使用二维可拉伸应变传感器作为传感单元来开发压缩传感装置的设计策略将为未来提供新的思路.

摘要：Based on the building principle of additive manufacturing,printing orientation mainly determines the tribological properties of joint *** this study,we created a polyether-ether-ketone(PEEK)joint prosthesis using fused filament fabrication and investigated the effects of printing orientation on its tribological properties using a pin-on-plate tribometer in 25% newborn calf *** ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene transfer film is formed on the surface of PEEK due to the mechanical capture of wear debris by the 3D-printed groove morphology,which is significantly impacted by the printing orientation of *** the printing orientation was parallel to the sliding direction of friction,the number and size of the transfer film increased due to higher steady *** transfer film protected the matrix and reduced the friction coefficient and wear rate of friction pairs by 39.13%and 74.33%,***,our findings provide a novel perspective regarding the role of printing orientation in designing knee prostheses,facilitating its practical applications.

摘要：A novel multicomponent high-Cr CoNi-based superalloy with superior comprehensive performance was prepared,and the evaluation of its high-temperature microstructural stability,oxidation resistance,and mechanical properties was conducted mainly using its cast polycrystalline *** results disclosed that the morphology of theγ′phase remained stable,and the coarsening rate was slow during the long-term aging at 900–1000℃.The activation energy forγ′precipitate coarsening of alloy 9CoNi-Cr was(402±51)kJ/mol,which is higher compared with those of CMSX-4 and some other Ni-based and Co-based ***,there was no indica-tion of the formation of topologically close-packed phases during this *** these factors demonstrated the superior microstructural stability of the *** mass gain of alloy 9CoNi-Cr was 0.6 mg/cm^(2) after oxidation at 1000℃ for 100 h,and the oxidation resistance was comparable to advanced Ni-based superalloys CMSX-4,which can be attributed to the formation of a continuous Al_(2)O_(3) protective ***,the compressive yield strength of this cast polycrystalline alloy at high temperatures is clearly higher than that of the conventional Ni-based cast superalloy and the compressive minimum creep rate at 950℃ is comparable to that of the conventional Ni-based cast superalloy,demonstrating the alloy’s good mechanical properties at high *** is partially because high Cr is bene-ficial in improving theγandγ′phase strengths of alloy 9CoNi-Cr.

摘要：A study was conducted to analyze the deformation mechanism of strongly weathered quartz schist in the Daliangshan Tunnel,located in the western Transverse Mountain area.A large deformation problem was experienced during the tunnel *** mitigate this problem,a support system was designed incorporating negative Poisson ratio(NPR)anchor cables with negative Poisson ratio *** model experiments,field experiments,and numerical simulation experiments were conducted to investigate the compensation mechanical behavior of NPR anchor *** large deformations of soft rocks in the Daliangshan Tunnel are caused by a high ground stress,a high degree of joint fracture development,and a high degree of surrounding rock fragmentation.A compensation mechanics support system combining long and short NPR anchor cables was suggested to provide sufficient counter-support force(approximately 350 kN)for the surrounding rock inside the *** the NPR anchor cable support system with the original support system used in the Daliangshan tunnel showed that an NPR anchor cable support system,combining cables of 6.3 m and 10.3 m in length,effectively prevented convergence of surrounding rock deformation,and the integrated settlement convergence value remained below 300 *** study provides an effective scientific basis for resolving large deformation problems in deeply buried soft rocks in western transverse mountain areas.

摘要：High-entropy alloys(HEAs)possess outstanding features such as corrosion resistance,irradiation resistance,and good mechan-ical properties.A few HEAs have found applications in the fields of aerospace and *** studies on the deformation mech-anisms of HEAs can guide microstructure control and toughness design,which is vital for understanding and studying state-of-the-art structural *** X-ray and neutron diffraction are necessary techniques for materials science research,especially for in situ coupling of physical/chemical fields and for resolving macro/microcrystallographic information on ***,several re-searchers have applied synchrotron X-ray and neutron diffraction methods to study the deformation mechanisms,phase transformations,stress behaviors,and in situ processes of HEAs,such as variable-temperature,high-pressure,and hydrogenation *** this review,the principles and development of synchrotron X-ray and neutron diffraction are presented,and their applications in the deformation mechanisms of HEAs are *** factors that influence the deformation mechanisms of HEAs are also *** review fo-cuses on the microstructures and micromechanical behaviors during tension/compression or creep/fatigue deformation and the application of synchrotron X-ray and neutron diffraction methods to the characterization of dislocations,stacking faults,twins,phases,and intergrain/interphase stress *** on future developments of synchrotron X-ray and neutron diffraction and on research directions on the deformation mechanisms of novel metals are discussed.

摘要：本研究提出了一种基于梯度下降的轨道不平顺复原方法。基于非对称弦测法理论,轨道不平顺的复原过程可描述为一个欠定线性系统的优化问题。本文提出采用梯度下降法求解该优化问题,采用了考虑正则项的二次型代价函数。为了评估所提出方法的性能,本研究搭建了一个轨道检测小车,并在一个缩尺桥梁模型上进行了现场试验。通过与水准仪测量值的比较,验证了基于梯度下降轨道不平顺复原方法具有良好精度。与传统的需要专门设计逆滤波器的轨道不平顺复原方法相比,本研究所提出的方法物理意义明确,只需基于非对称弦测法原理建立优化模型,这表明本方法在现场实测中具有良好的可操作性。此外,重复性评估表明,在调整不同的弦长以及多次重复测量时,本研究所提出的方法可复现一致的轨道不平顺结果,表明该方法具有良好的测量重复性。本研究所提出的方法可对轨道不平顺进行准确复原,为轨道平顺性状态及时有效评估提供数据支撑,进而保证列车运行的平稳与安全。

摘要：金属卤化物钙钛矿(MHPs)因其独特的高质量性能,已广泛应用于太阳能电池、发光二极管、激光器、热电材料、光催化等领域.然而,稳定性的缺乏一直阻碍着它们在光电子领域的进一步发展.在这项工作中,我们基于各种类型的赝卤素阴离子设计了面向对象需求的新型钙钛矿材料.结合iGAM模型,发现了影响二维赝卤化物钙钛矿(TPHPs)带隙的三个关键特征,并计算了原子尺度下单层TPHPs的光电性质,用以指导实验研究.此外,我们还探讨了赝卤素离子对MHPs表面功函数的调节作用.本文系统地研究了赝卤素阴离子对钙钛矿从体相到单层再到表面的调谐作用,揭示了赝卤素阴离子影响钙钛矿光电性质和稳定性的相关物理机制,为新型钙钛矿的实验研究提供了参考.

摘要：由于C=C双键交联反应机制的成熟,金属氧化物光刻胶得到了广泛的发展.然而,由于不稳定的C=C双键,这种材料需要低温和遮光存储.在此,首次在金属氧簇中提出了C-F键交联策略用于光刻图案化.以光刻胶Zn-TBA为例,它形成光滑无缺陷的薄膜,且表面粗糙度Rq小于0.2 nm.使用极紫外(EUV)干涉掩模,在65 mJ cm^(-2)曝光剂量下形成37.5 nm的半周期(HP)图案.在EUV曝光和正己烷显影后,通过原子力显微镜(AFM)观察到负性光刻胶形貌.重要的是,Zn-TBA可以在室温和明亮的环境中储存.除了脱羧之外,我们还提出光引发的C-F交联是Zn-TBA图案的主要贡献者,并通过高分辨率X射线光电子能谱(HRXPS)和密度泛函理论(DFT)计算得以证明.这种新颖的光刻机制为下一代金属基材料的设计提供了新的思路.

摘要：设计和制备具有优异防污能力的可注射防粘连材料对预防手术后组织和器官的粘连具有重要的意义.在此,我们将含有羟基的氨基酸衍生物引入水凝胶的制备中,通过N-丙烯酰丝氨酸(ASer)的自由基聚合制备了一种新型的氢键交联水凝胶(PASer).结果发现一个甲基取代基的存在会对分子间氢键相互作用产生明显的影响:与聚(N-丙烯酰苏氨酸)(PAThr)水凝胶相比,PASer水凝胶具有较低的成胶浓度和增强的力学性能.值得一提的是,亲水性羟基使PASer水凝胶能够有效抵抗蛋白质吸附和细胞粘附.PASer水凝胶具有优异的力学性能、可注射性、自融合性、良好的生物相容性和适宜的体内停留时间,符合临床对术后抗粘连材料的要求.体内研究实验结果表明,PASer水凝胶在建立的小鼠腹壁缺损模型中可以有效预防术后腹膜粘连发生.

摘要：Carbonate-based electrolytes still retain their top preference in sodium-ion battery(SIB)as in lithium-ion battery(LIBs)owing to their cost-effectiveness and ***,extensive studies have consistently demonstrated a mismatch between the hard carbon(HC)anode and carbonate-based electrolytes[1,2].Specifically,as for lowconcentration carbonate-based electrolytes(LCEs).