摘要：钾离子电池由于其丰富的资源、广泛的分布和低廉的价格而引起了人们的极大兴趣,并成为储能系统中锂离子电池的理想替代品.负极材料作为钾离子电池的关键部件之一,对其比容量、能量密度、功率密度和使用寿命等起着至关重要的作用,因此对负极材料进行全面的研究十分必要.碳材料以其环保、原料丰富、结构多样等优点被广泛应用于钾离子电池负极.根据结构差异,碳材料主要分为以石墨和石墨烯为代表的结晶碳和以无定形存在的软碳和硬碳.不同类型的碳材料具有特殊的离子储存机制、储存容量和循环稳定性.因此,总结和讨论近年来用于钾离子电池负极的碳材料的特征和研究进展具有重要意义.本文首先根据石墨、石墨烯、软碳和硬碳的发展现状和应用前景,深入概括了其电化学性能和储钾机理.然后挖掘出不同碳材料面临的关键问题,整理出新型碳阳极的各种改性设计和解决策略.最后,本文阐述了碳材料作为钾离子电池负极的重要性,探讨了当前和新兴碳阳极材料的应用潜力,并对碳材料的未来发展提出了一些建议和展望.

摘要：A series of thiol-based mdeno[1,2-c]pyrazoles and benzoindazole compounds was designed and synthesized according to the structural specificity of his-tone deacetylase VI（HDAC6） and the structural characteristics of HDAC inhibitors. The inhibitory activities of the target compounds against HDAC6 and HDAC1 were screened by fluorescence analysis. Most of the target compounds showed moderate inhibitory activity against HDAC6（IC50=44-598 nmol/L）. Among them, compound A-4 displayed the highest selectivity against HDAC6 and similar inhibitory activity（IC50=44 nmol/L） to that of the positive drug SAHA（IC50=41 nmol/L） against HDAC6.

摘要：A series of pyrrolo[2,1-c][1,4]benzodiazepine-3,11-dione derivatives was designed and synthesized,and their neuroprotective activity against SH-SY5Y cell injury induced by N-methyl-D-aspartic acid(NMDA)was *** the compounds showed significant neuroprotective effects,especially B16,which showed excellent performance and better activity than the positive control ifenprodil(B16:56.2%±0.6%;ifenprodil:41.0%±2.7%).Further investigation indicated that B16 could attenuate the Ca^(2+)influx induced by NMDA in SH-SY5Y cells and Western blotting also showed that B16 could attenuate the NR2B upregulation in SH-SY5Y cells induced by *** molecular docking results showed that compound B16 fitted in the binding pocket of NR2B-NMDAR well and could interact with binding sites of compounds 1 and 2 *** ADME/Tox prediction results suggested that compound B16 had good blood-brain barrier(BBB)permeability and the zero alert of Pan Assay Interference Structures(PAINS)indicated that B16 could not elicit false-positive *** results strongly suggest that B16 is a promising and effective candidate neuroprotective compound,and that NR2B-NMDAR is a potential target of B16.

摘要：Adenine derivatives, in particular the scaffold bearing the acyclic nucleoside phosphonates (ANPS), possess significant antiviral and cytostatic now, several effective adenine derivatives have been marketed for the treatment of HIV, HBV, CMV and other virus-infected diseases. These compounds are represented by tenofovir (PMPA) a medicine for both HIV and HBV, and adefovir as an anti-HBV agent. More than this, other analogs, such as GS9148, GS9131, and GS7340, are also wellknown anti-viral agents that have been progressed to the clinical studies for their excellent activity. in general, the structures of these compounds include an adenine nueleobase linked to a phosphonate side ehain. Considerable structural modifications on the scaffold itself and the peripheral sections were made. The structure-activity relationships (SARs) of this skeleton will provide valuable clues to identify more effective adenine derivatives as antiviral drugs. Here, we systematically summarized the SARs of the adenine derivatives, and gave important information for further optimizing this template. (c) 2015 Chinese Pharmaceutical Association and Institute of Materia Medial., Chinese Academy of Medical sciences. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.

摘要：A robust control for uncertain nonlinear systems based on T-S fuzzy model is discussed in this paper. First, a T-S fuzzy system is adopted to model the uncertain nonlinear systems. Then, for the system with input variables adopting standard fuzzy partitions, the efficient maximal overlapped-rules group （EMORG） is presented, and a new sufficient condition to check the stability of T-S fuzzy system with uncertainty is derived, which is expressed in terms of Linear Matrix Inequalities. The derived stability condition, which only requires a local common positive definite matrix in each EMORG, can reduce the conservatism and difficulty in existing stability conditions. Finally, a simulation example shows the proposed approach is effective.

摘要：Chitin is a structural component of fungal cell walls but is absent in vertebrates,mammals,and *** synthase is thus an attractive molecular target for developing *** on the structure of its donor substrate,UDP-N-acetyl-glucosamine,as well as the modelled structure of the bacterial chitin synthase NodC,we designed a novel scaffold which was then further optimized into a series of chitin synthase *** most potent inhibitor,compound 13,exhibited high chitin synthase inhibitory activity with an IC（50） value of 64.5 μmol/L All of the inhibitors exhibited antifungal activities against the growth of agriculturally-destructive fungi,Fusarium graminearum,Botrytis *** Colletotrichum *** work presents a new scaffold which can be used for the development of novel fungicides.

摘要：In this paper a controller of pulse coupling feedback （PCF） is designed to control chaotic systems. Control principles and the technique to select the feedback coefficients are introduced. This controller is theoretically studied with a three dimensional （3D） chaotic system. The artificial simulation results show that the chaotic system can be stabilized to different periodic orbits by using the PCF method, and the number of the periodic orbits are 2^n×3^m p （n and m are integers）. Therefore, this control method is effective and practical.

摘要：The effect of flow passage length in the die cavity and extrusion wheel velocity on the shape of aluminum sheath during the continuous extrusion sheathing process was analyzed by using finite element methods based on software DEFORM 3D and experimentally validated. The results show that by increasing the flow passage length, the velocity of metal at the cross-section of sheath tends toward uniformity, the values of the bending angles of sheath gradually approach the ideal value of zero and the cross-section exhibits a better shape. The extrusion wheel velocity has negligible effects on the bending shape and cross-section of the sheath product when a long flow passage is used.

摘要：The ecological costs of open pit metal mining are quantified, which include lost value of direct eco-services, lost value of indirect eco-services, prevention and restoration costs, and cost of carbon emission from energy consumption. These ecological costs are incorporated in an iterative ultimate pit optimization algorithm. A case study is presented to demonstrate the influence of ecological costs on pit design outcome. The results show that it is possible to internalize ecological costs in mine designs. The pit optimization outcome shifts considerably to the conservative side and the profitability decreases substantially when ecological costs are accounted for.

摘要：yD3＋/Tm3＋ co-doped and yD3＋/Ho3＋/Tm3＋ tri-doped tellurite glasses were synthesized by fusing the mixture of TeO2, PbF2, AIF3, BaF2, Yb2O3, Tm203 and H0203 in a cortmdum crucible at 850 ℃ for 20 min. The synthesized glasses were characterized by upconversion emission spectra under the excitation of 980 nm laser, and the emission colors were investigated according to the CIE-1931 standards. The results indicated that yD3＋/Tm3＋ co-doped tellurite glass exhibited blue upconversion emission with favor- able color coordinates of （0.20, 0.07）. Yb3＋, HO3＋ and Tm3＋ tri-doped tellurite glasses presented white upconversion luminescence under a single 980 nm laser excitation. Moreover, a very wide range of emission colors could be tuned by altering Ho3＋ concentration. Combining the contribution of adjusting Ho3＋ concentration and pump power, near equal energy white light was obtained.