摘要：Dear Editor, Artificial expression systems are crucial to functional genomics studies, constructing synthetic genetic circuits, and bioengineering (Werner & Gossen, 2014). They are usually achieved by cloning the coding sequence (CDS) of a target gene into a vector containing natural or engineered regulatory elements. However, this strategy is limited when target genes are hard to clone, for example when the CDS is too long, or expression level is too low.

摘要：Extractive distillation(ED) is one of the most promising approaches for the separation of the azeotropic or closeboiling mixtures in the chemical industry. The purpose of this paper is to provide a broad overview of the recent development of key aspects in the ED process involving conceptual design, solvent selection, and separation strategies. To obtain the minimum entrainer feed flow rate and reflux ratio for the ED process, the conceptual design of azeotropic mixture separation based on a topological analysis via thermodynamic feasibility insights involving residue curve maps, univolatility lines, and unidistribution curves is presented. The method is applicable to arbitrary multicomponent mixtures and allows direct screening of design alternatives. The determination of a suitable solvent is one of the key steps to ensure an effective and economical ED process. Candidate entrainers can be obtained from heuristics or literature studies while computer aided molecular design(CAMD) has superiority in efficiency and reliability. To achieve optimized extractive distillation systems, a brief review of evaluation method for both entrainer design and selection through CAMD is presented. Extractive distillation can be operated either in continuous extractive distillation(CED) or batch extractive distillation(BED), and both modes have been well-studied depending on the advantages in flexibility and low capital costs. To improve the energy efficiency, several configurations and technological alternatives can be used for both CED and BED depending on strategies and main azeotropic feeds. The challenge and chance of the further ED development involving screening the best potential solvents and exploring the energy-intensive separation strategies are discussed aiming at promoting the industrial application of this environmentally friendly separation technique.

摘要：In this work,a series of biodegradable pure iron,Fe–30Mn and Fe–30Mn–Ag alloys were developed by using a rapid solidification technology.A fine a-Fe dendrite was formed in pure iron,resulting in a high compressive yield strength of above 300 *** Fe–30Mn alloy doped with only 1%Ag exhibited a significant increase in the degradation rate in simulated body fluid due to the precipitation of Ag-rich particles in alloy matrix and the induction of the microgalvanic *** addition,the novel Fe–30Mn–Ag alloy also exhibited a good magnetic compatibility and offered a closely approaching requirement for biodegradable medical applications.

摘要：Formation of bulk heterojunctions by incorporating colloidal quantum dots into a mesoporous substrate is anticipated to yield efficient charge collection and complete light absorption. However, it is still challenging in view of the bulky nature of the colloidal quantum dots and the ex situ deposition route. In this study, the feasibility of employing ZnS as a capping material for PbS quantum dots is dissected by carefully designed control experiments, with reference to the formation of bulk heterojunctions by successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction(SILAR) at ambient *** results reveal that the underlying ZnS layer facilitates the PbS deposition by an ion exchange process, while the overlaying ZnS layer tends to cover the PbS in a manner similar to a physical stacking process. Therefore, PbS quantum dots capped with amorphous ZnS are developed with the SILAR technique, which could be used to fill up the mesoporous substrates and thus construct bulk *** hole collection is the limiting factor of such bulk heterojunction solar cells, as demonstrated by inserting a conductive polymer layer in the control devices. Further development of the quantum dot system is discussed in consideration of the fundamental issues presented in this study.

摘要：Mg–8Li–3Al–0.7Si alloy was prepared by casting and deformed by hot extrusion in this *** the microstructure of as-cast and extruded specimens was analyzed with OM,XRD,SEM and *** show that the specimens are composed ofα-Mg,β-Li,AlLi,MgLiAl2 and Mg2Si *** as-extruded specimen,the microstructure is refined and theβ-Li phase has the effect of coordination during *** hot extrusion,Chinese script Mg2Si phase is crushed into block-like and distributes uniformly in the *** properties results show that the strength and elongation are both improved after hot extrusion.

摘要：石墨烯因其高载流子迁移率和宽光谱吸收范围而广泛应用于光电探测。然而,其低光吸收率导致的高暗电流严重限制了它的光电探测性能。钼基二硫族化合物(MoX_(2),X=S、Se和Te)具有高的吸收系数,能够弥补石墨烯基光电探测器中暗电流较高的劣势,因此基于石墨烯/MoX_(2)范德华异质结的光电探测器能够表现出优异的光电子特性。本综述首先回顾了光电探测器的工作原理、性能指标和结构。之后,从材料基础的角度突出了石墨烯/MoX_(2)范德华异质结光电探测器的重要性。接着,总结了石墨烯/MoX_(2)范德华异质结光电探测器的制备方法和性能增强策略。最后,强调了这类异质结光电探测器当前面临的挑战及未来的发展方向。本综述将为这类高性能范德华异质结光电探测器的设计提供一定的指导和参考。