摘要：The demand for advanced fiber biomaterials and medical devices has risen rapidly with the increasing of aging population in the world. To address this grand societal challenge, textile biomedical engineering(TBE) has been defined as a holistic and integrative approach of designing and engineering advanced fiber materials for fabricating textile structures and devices to achieve various functions such as drug delivery, tissue engineering and artificial implants, pressure therapy and thermal therapy,bioelectric/magnetic detection and stimulation for the medical treatment and rehabilitation of human body. TBE is multidisciplinary in nature and needs integration of cross disciplinary expertise in medical science, healthcare professionals, physiologists, scientists and engineers in chemistry, materials, mechanics, electronics, computing, textile and designers. Engineering fiber materials and designing textile devices for biomedical applications involve the integration of the fundamental research in physics, chemistry, mathematics, and computational science with the development of engineering principles and understanding on the relationship between textile materials/devices and human physiology, behaviour, medicine and health. Theoretical concepts have been advanced together with creating new knowledges created from molecules to cells, organs and body-textile systems, and developing advanced fiber materials, innovative textile devices and functional apparel products for healthcare,comfort, protection against harmful external environment, diseases prevention, diagnosis and treatment, as well as rehabilitations. A holistic, integrative and quantitative approach has been adopted for deriving the technical solutions of how to engineer fibers and textiles for the benefits of human health. This paper reviews the theoretical foundations for textile biomedical engineering and advances in the recent years.

摘要：In this study, thermal–hydraulic parameters inside the containment of aWWER-1000/v446 nuclear power plant are simulated in a double-ended cold leg accident for short and long times (by using CONTAIN 2.0 and MELCOR 1.8.6 codes), and the effect of the spray system as an engineering safety feature on parameters mitigation is analyzed with the former code. Along with the development of the accident from design basis accident to beyond design basis accident, the Zircaloy–steam reaction becomes the source of in-vessel hydrogen generation. Hydrogen distribution inside the containment is simulated for a long time (using CONTAIN and MELCOR), and the effect of recombiners on its mitigation is analyzed (using MELCOR). Thermal–hydraulic parameters and hydrogen distribution profiles are presented as the outcome of the investigation. By activating the spray system, the peak points of pressure and temperature occur in the short time and remain belowthe maximumdesign values along the accident time. It is also shown that recombiners have a reliable effect on reducing the hydrogen concentration below flame propagation limit in the accident localization area. The parameters predicted by CONTAIN and MELCOR are in good agreement with the final safety analysis report. The noted discrepancies are discussed and explained.

摘要：微藻是一种体积微小的真核生物,可通过叶绿素a的光合作用将二氧化碳转化为多种生物活性物质。在过去的十年中,有关活体微藻和其他生物相容性成分组成的生物杂化材料在解决许多医学难题中显示出巨大的潜力,如肿瘤治疗、组织重建和药物输送。固定在常规生物材料中的微藻可以长时间维持其光合活性从而在局部提供氧气,同时也可作为调节细胞活性的生物相容性界面材料。微藻的运动性还激发了生物杂交机器人的发展,其中药物分子可通过非共价键吸附结合至微藻表面,并通过精确控制其运动轨迹将药物输送到目标区域。此外,微藻的自发荧光、趋光性和生物质生产可以整合到具有多种功能的新型生物杂化材料的设计中;通过基因工程改造的微藻可以赋予生物杂交材料新的特性,如特异性细胞靶向能力和从藻类细胞中局部释放重组蛋白——这些技术技术有望促进微藻基生物杂交材料(MBBM)在多个生物医学领域的临床应用。本文总结了MBBM的制造、生理学和运动能力;然后,回顾了MBBM近年来在生物医学领域的典型应用报告;最后,对MBBM的挑战和未来前景进行了讨论。