摘要：研究动物鞘翅的内部结构,为复合材料的结构设计提供设计依据,以东方白点花金龟(Protaetia orentalis)、臭蜣螂(Coprisochus)、星天牛(Anoplophora chinensis)和黄缘真龙虱(Cytister bengalensis)为研究对象,利用扫描电子显微镜对鞘翅断面进行了分析,并结合四种昆虫的生活环境,对观察到的鞘翅材料结构进行了分析和总结;针对鞘翅材料的结构特点,概括和总结了纤维模型和层状复合材料模型。研究结果表明:四种昆虫的鞘翅均由层状复合材料组成,在鞘翅内部发现的纤维(束)的形态略有区别。在花金龟鞘翅的纤维(束)形态有T型结构、正交叠层结构和分叉纤维结构;臭蜣螂鞘翅的纤维(束)形态有网状结构、块状凸起结构和刺状纤维结构;星天牛鞘翅的纤维(束)形态有空腔结构、螺旋结构、孔洞结构和刺状结构;龙虱鞘翅的纤维(束)形态有空腔和孔洞结构。这些天然生物纤维结构形式为轻质仿生复合材料的结构设计提供了可供学习和效仿的生物模型;基于四种昆虫鞘翅的内部结构分析,总结了常用的几种纤维模型,即分叉纤维模型和螺旋纤维模型,并对两种模型进行了模型示意,几种结构模型为复合材料特别是层状复合材料和纤维增强复合材料的仿生结构设计提供了依据。

摘要：Heterostructure engineering holds exceptional promise for the development of high-performance electrocatalysts for overall water ***,production of inexpensive and high-efficiency bifunctional electrocatalysts remains a ***,we demonstrate a simple method to synthesize a paper-mulberry(Broussonetia papyrifera)-inspired Co_(9)S_(8)@CoNi_(2)S_(4)/nickel foam(Co_(9)S_(8)@CoNi_(2)S_(4)/NF)heterojunction with high catalytic activity and *** process involves in situ growth of NiCo layered double hydroxide and in situ derivatization of ZIF-67,followed by the S heteroatom *** Co_(9)S_(8)@CoNi_(2)S_(4)/NF benefits from the heterostructure and functional advantages of multidimensional building blocks including one-dimensional(1D)nanowires,2D nanosheets and *** optimized Co_(9)S_(8)@CoNi_(2)S_(4)/NF heterojunction with 10% sulphur content reveals excellent electrocatalytic activity with the lower overpotentials of 68 mV for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)and 170 mV for oxygen evolution reaction(OER)at 10 mA cm^(-2) in the 1.0 mol L^(-1) KOH solution,which is superior to the recently reported transition metal based *** outstanding performance is attributed to the strong interface coupling between CoNi_(2)S_(4) and Co_(9)S_(8),the advantage of multidimensional structure and the customized electronic *** density functional theory suggests that the interface between Co_(9)S_(8) and CoNi_(2)S_(4) optimizes the adsorption of the multiple intermediates and further facilitates water splitting *** work offers a generic approach for heterostructure engineering design of highperformance catalytic system applications.

摘要：电磁波在无线通信等领域的广泛应用导致了严重的电磁污染,迫切需要研发高性能电磁波吸收材料.本文针对吸波材料阻抗不匹配等关键问题,设计并成功制备了新型核壳LaOCl/LaFeO_(3)纳米纤维电磁波吸收剂.这种独特的一维多级结构由导电LaFeO_(3)磁性壳层和离子化合物LaOCl核层组成.基于介电-磁损耗耦合和阻抗匹配的协同作用,LaOCl/LaFeO_(3)纳米纤维在超低负载条件下(4 w t%),表现出-40.1 d B(2.0 mm)的反射损耗和6.4 GHz(2.4 mm)的有效吸收带宽.该工作提出了一种新型LaOCl/LaFeO_(3)纳米纤维吸波材料,并为阻抗匹配调控和电磁吸波性能优化开辟了新策略.

摘要：本研究采用简单的两步法合成了由非晶态硫化钴和碳纳米管结合形成的异质结CNT-a-CoS_(x)催化剂.与晶态CoS_(x)和碳纳米管形成的晶态CNT-c-CoS_(x)异质结催化剂相比,非晶态CNT-a-CoS_(x)具有丰富的活性位点、优异的电子输运特性和大的电化学活性面积等结构特性,因而在酸性电解质中表现出更高的电催化氢析出性能.达到10 m A cm^(-2)的阴极电流密度时,CNT-a-CoS_(x)所需的过电位仅为76 m V.更值得注意的是,经过60,000 s的电化学耐久性测试,未观察到明显的电催化性能下降.这一简单的原位构建异质结催化剂的策略为设计和合成活性高、稳定性好的非晶异质结电催化剂提供了技术支持.

摘要：近年来,能源短缺问题日益突出,传统化石燃料使用过程中排放的二氧化碳大大加剧了全球变暖.锌空气电池作为一种新型能源,由于其低成本、高比能量密度、高安全性和环境友好等优点而受到广泛关注.然而,锌空气电池的发展速度缓慢,一个主要原因是阴极空气催化剂的催化效率低和稳定性差.本文总结了用于空气阴极的多孔碳基催化剂的最新研究进展.在对锌空气电池进行简要介绍后,从孔结构和杂原子掺杂两方面介绍了碳载体的结构和组成.根据孔径大小:微孔、介孔和大孔,详细介绍了锌空气电池中多孔碳的设计和制备.此外,还根据氮、氟、硫、磷和硼等杂原子类别,分别讨论了杂原子掺杂的合成策略以及相应电池性能.最后,本文对锌空气电池未来发展过程中的挑战和机遇进行了展望.

摘要：高Ge组分的SiGe薄膜在应变硅、应变锗以及高速器件的应用前景十分广阔。本文以Si/SiGe/SOI(绝缘体上的硅)结构为初始样品,设计了系统性的氧化浓缩实验,通过大量的分析和参数调整,制备获得了不同组分比的绝缘体上锗硅(SiGe on insulator,SGOI)薄膜样品。结合X射线衍射(XRD)和拉曼光谱(Raman)等测试手段表征了制备样品的晶格质量和元素组分,其中Ge组分最高达到80.5%。综合分析表明:在适当的条件下,Ge组分和浓缩时间线性关系明显,浓缩制备SGOI材料可以做到组分可控性,为相关的进一步研究提供便利。

摘要：The catalytic effect of electrode materials is one of the most crucial factors for achieving efficient electrochemical energy conversion and ***-based metal composites were widely synthesized and employed as electrode materials because of their inherited outstanding ***,electrode materials can provide a higher capacity than the anticipated values,even beyond the theoretical *** origin of the extra capacity has not yet been explained accurately,and its formation mechanism is still ***,we first summarized the current research progress and drawbacks in energy storage devices(ESDs),and elaborated the role of catalytic effect in enhancing the performance of ESDs as follows:promoting the evolution of the solid electrolyte interphase(SEI),accelerating the reversible conversion of discharge/charge products,and improving the conversion speed of the intermediate and the utilization rate of the active materials,thereby avoiding the shuttling ***,a particular focus was placed on the interaction between the catalytic effect and energy storage performance in order to highlight the efficacy and role of the catalytic *** hope that this review could provide innovative ideas for designing the electrode materials with an efficient catalytic effect for ESDs to promote the development of this research field.

摘要：结合了三维结构和亲锌物种的集流体构筑策略被认为是构建高稳定锌金属负极的有效方法.然而,高昂的成本和复杂的制备工艺阻碍了其实际应用.本文通过在有均匀Cu^(2+)锚定的碳布集流体(ACC-600@Cu^(2+))上沉积锌,合理设计了一种稳定的三维锌金属复合阳极(Zn@ACC-600@Cu^(2+)).在锌成核过程中,Cu^(2+)原位还原为金属Cu,然后随着锌的进一步沉积,碳布表面逐渐形成均匀的亲锌的Cu-Zn合金界面层.密度泛函理论计算和实验观察表明,Cu-Zn合金界面不仅可以作为锌离子的亲锌沉积点,而且可以提高导电率,使电场和锌离子通量均匀化.因此,ACC-600@Cu^(2+)集流体可以实现高的镀锌/剥离可逆性,并在15.8 mV的极化电压下稳定循环410 h以上.作为概念验证,我们组装的Zn@ACC-600@Cu^(2+)‖MnO_(2)全电池具有良好的电池倍率性能,与原始碳布相比,其比容量显著提高至110 mA h g^(-1).本文提出的原位还原策略为三维锌金属复合负极的设计提供了一种简便且低成本的方法,促进了无枝晶和高稳定锌金属电池的发展.

摘要：Herein,a novel photonic coordination polymer material was constructed by aggregation-induced emission luminogen(AIEgen)containing a tripyridyl moiety used as the linking *** displayed a spontaneous direct centrosymmetric to noncentrosymmetric phase transition in a single *** two crystals,before and after the phase transition,were both controllably synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray *** being exposed to air,the centrosymmetric metastable phase(1-α)transitioned to a new stable phase with a noncentrosymmetric structure(1-β).Interestingly,the 1-βstructure exhibited a strong phasematching second-harmonic generation(SHG)response,about4.5 times higher than that of KH2PO4(KDP).In order to better understand the relationship between the structure and the nonlinear optical properties,the dipole moments were calculated and ***,the noncentrosymmetric phase with high thermal stability for 1-βretained and improved the initial photoluminescent properties of the AIEgen ligand after the structural phase transition from 1-α,and simultaneously produced the excellent SHG property,which are beneficial for the design and construction of excellent optical materials.

摘要：Chinese classical dance contains a profound connotation of Chinese traditional culture, with distinctive forms of performance and aesthetic characteristics. In the world of multi-cultttral communion, the development of Chinese classical dance needs to be inherited on the basis of traditional culture to inject more innovation, highlight its unique artistic aesthetic value and deep national culture contains. In this paper, the development course, aesthetic characteristics and classical dance form of Chinese classical dance are expounded. From the perspectives of historical cultural inheritance, classical dance culture cultivation and dance culture innovation, the feasibility measures and measures are put forward in order to explore the effective path and methods to developing Chinese classical dance, which gives excellent national dance art inheritance, development and innovation.