摘要：The practical engineering applications of powder metallurgy (PM) Ti alloys produced through cold compaction and pressure-less sintering are impeded by poor sintering densification, embrittlement caused by excessive O impurities, and severe sintering deforma-tion resulting from the use of heterogeneous powder mixtures. This review presents a summary of our previous work on addressing the above challenges. Initially, we proposed a novel strategy using reaction-induced liquid phases to enhance sintering densification. Near- complete density (relative density exceeding 99%) was achieved by applying the above strategy and newly developed sintering aids. By focusing on the O-induced embrittlement issue, we determined the onset dissolution temperature of oxide films in the Ti matrix. On the basis of this finding, we established a design criterion for effective O scavengers that require reaction with oxide films before their dissol-ution. Consequently, a ductile PM Ti alloy was successfully obtained by introducing 0.3wt% NdB6 as the O scavenger. Lastly, a powder- coating strategy was adopted to address the sintering deformation issue. The ultrafine size and shell-like distribution characteristics of coating particles ensured rapid dissolution and homogeneity in the Ti matrix, thereby facilitating linear shrinkage during sintering. As a result, geometrically complex Ti alloy parts with high dimensional accuracy were fabricated by using the coated powder. Our fundament-al findings and related technical achievements enabled the development of an integrated production technology for the high-performance and accurate shaping of low-cost PM Ti alloys. Additionally, the primary engineering applications and progress in the industrialization practice of our developed technology are introduced in this review.

摘要：利用可再生能源驱动的电催化C-N偶联来合成尿素可以取代高能耗、高污染的工业生产尿素过程.然而,同时提高尿素收率和相应的法拉第效率,目前仍面临挑战.在此,我们设计了富氧空位的Ru掺杂CeO_(2)电催化剂用于高效电化学合成尿素.通过调节Ru的比例,发现最佳掺杂量为5%,该Ru-CeO_(2)电催化剂在电压为-0.7 V ***时能提供20.2 mmol h^(-1)g^(-1)的高尿素产率和20.1%法拉第效率,优于大多数已报道的催化剂.实验结果表明,Ru掺杂和氧空位的协同效应优化了反应物的吸附和活化,增强了C-N偶联的动力学,并显著提高了电化学合成尿素的效率.本工作将为开发高效合成尿素的先进C-N偶联电催化剂提供借鉴.

摘要：Short-range ordering(SRO)is one of the most important structural features of high entropy alloys(HEAs).However,the chemical and structural analyses of SROs are very difficult due to their small size,complexed compositions,and varied *** electron microscopy(TEM)as well as its aberration correction techniques are powerful for characterizing SROs in these compositionally complex *** this short communication,we summarized recent progresses regarding characterization of SROs using TEM in the field of *** using advanced TEM techniques,not only the existence of SROs was confirmed,but also the effect of SROs on the deformation mechanism was ***,the perspective related to application of TEM techniques in HEAs are also discussed.

摘要：光谱偏振成像技术是一种新型的光学成像技术,它不仅提高了目标的信息获取量,还降低了背景噪声,可以捕获目标细节,检测伪装目标。本文提出了一种将亚波长光栅与F-P滤光片相结合的光谱偏振测量器件,该器件可以获得超高光谱分辨率和偏振消光比,并且光谱和偏振可以灵活调控。本文设计了一种光谱偏振同时分光器,可同时获得4个光谱通道的斯托克斯参数。仿真结果表明,其光谱分辨率为217,偏振消光比为106。实验结果表明,亚波长光栅的偏振消光比大于500,透射率为90%。全介质F-P滤光片的光谱分辨率为30,在长波红外波段的透射率为60%。该设计方法具有通用性,可用于可见光、红外甚至太赫兹等波段。得益于这些优点,器件在微型偏振光谱仪和全斯托克斯偏振检测等领域有很大的应用潜力。

摘要：作为细胞中的主要运输系统,天然囊泡在物质的定点输运过程中具有至关重要的作用.高分子囊泡是与之结构相似的一种人工囊泡,具有优异的膜稳定性和胶体稳定性、高药物负载率、低膜穿透性、优异的可修饰性和长循环时间等优势,在生物医用领域具有广泛的应用前景.然而,目前该领域尚面临一系列重要挑战,如合成和制备方法较为复杂、生物相容性较难预测、功能和递送途径有限等,限制了其临床转化之路.本文从囊泡的构建模块合成、自组装技术和潜在的生物医学应用等角度,提出了设计和制备下一代高分子囊泡需要解决的五个关键科学问题,指出了未来面临的重要挑战和发展方向,例如简化设计和合成过程,优化和规范自组装过程,拓展潜在的应用前景.

摘要：有机集成化光电子器件兼具了小型化和多功能性的优势,如集成了有机发光和紫外探测的有机发光紫外探测器件(OLED-UVOPDs).这种器件中的有机光电材料的设计仍然面临重大的挑战.在本文中,以蒽为π桥,腈基苯为受体,三苯胺(TPA)和二甲基三苯胺(2mTPA)分别为给体,设计并合成了两种可用于OLED-UVOPD器件的蓝色发光分子,TPA-AN和2mTPA-AN.它们的发光峰分别位于474和488 nm处,荧光量子产率为51.1%和46.6%.通过单载流子器件计算得到其电子迁移率分别为3.96×10^(-5)和6.63×10^(-7)cm^(2)V^(-1)s^(-1).基于TPA-AN的OLED器件表现出强的蓝光发射,最大亮度为43,110 cd m^(-2),最大外量子效率(EQE)为8.1%.它们在OLED-UVOPD集成器件中表现出优异的性能,紫外探测率分别为7.18×10^(11)和2.85×10^(12)Jones,最大EQE分别为8.7%和5.9%.

摘要：含能分子在军事和民用应用中都发挥着重要作用.传统上,确定含能分子的物理化学参数需要实验工作量且具有风险,而新兴的机器学习方法有望解决这一问题.在这项工作中,我们报道了一种分子描述符增强的图神经网络(MD增强的GNN)模型,该模型可以准确快速地预测含能分子的三个爆轰参数.该模型集成了基于序列的分子描述符和基于结构的图向量,提供了一个不需要自定义描述符的全面框架.因此,我们构建了一个包含18,991个CHNO含能分子的含能分子数据集,并将我们的模型与单一的分子指纹/描述符和GNN方法进行了比较.研究发现,我们提出的MD增强的GNN集成方法通过结合两个不同的互补特征,实现了卓越的精度,R2超过0.93,学习速度提高了20%以上,这突出了我们的模型在重塑含能分子设计格局方面的潜力,并有望在这一关键领域内大幅提高效率和有效性.

摘要：Metabolites play important roles in numerous cell biology processes,such as cell proliferation,differentiation,stress response,and cell death[1].Recently,lactate and lactate-derived lysine residue lactylation(Kla)have emerged as newly discovered epigenetic modifications that play critical roles in various physiological and pathological *** the history of lactate research,we can categorize the studies into three mile stones(Fig.S1 online).

摘要：热障涂层(TBC)被广泛应用于热端金属部件表面,使其免受高温气体侵蚀,其微观组织结构及服役性能与制备工艺和服役状态密切相关并相互作用。本文从热生长氧化物(TGO)增厚、相变、烧结等方面讨论了各种应力诱因导致的TBC失效机理,综述了目前常用于陶瓷层柱状结构制备的方法及其在缓和TBC服役过程中应力的应用。由于TBC制备工艺及服役条件不尽相同,通过与标准TBC比较,评价了不同工艺下制备的TBC使用寿命,总结了柱状结构TBC的长寿命服役机理。本文综述了柱状热障涂层的应力源、微观结构、制备工艺和使用性能的相互作用关系,为高性能TBC设计提供了参考。

摘要：Current electro spun membranes used for pulp capping still lack the sustained-release capability and long-term anti-inflammatory effects that are favorable for dental pulp *** this work,a single-layered poly(lac tic acid)(PLA)electro spun membrane loaded with amorphous calcium phosphate(ACP)and aspirin(PLA/ACP/Aspirin membrane,i.e.,PA A membrane)is sandwiched between two poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA)electro spun membranes as a novel sandwich-structured PLGA and PA A composite electro spun membrane(PLGA-PAA membrane)to resolve the need for sustained-release design and anti-inflammatory *** angle measurements indicate that the PLGA-PAA membrane is more hydrophilic than the PAA *** in vitro release study reveals that PLGA membranes coated on PAA membrane could slightly slow down ion release,while signiificantly prolonging aspirin *** also co-cultured membranes with dental pulp stem cells(DPSCs)and human monocytic THP-1 cells to evaluate their osteogenic ability and anti-inflammatory effects,*** with the PAA membrane,the PLGA-PAA membrane promotes cell adhesion,proliferation,and osteogenic differentiation.A prolonged anti-inflammatory effect of up to 18 days is also observed in the PLGA-PAA *** results suggest a promising strategy for fabricating an electro spun membrane system with controlled release capabilities and long-term anti-inflammatory effects for use as pulp-capping material for regeneration of the dentin-pulp complex.