摘要：合成生物学已成为《生物多样性公约》(以下简称《公约》)缔约方大会的重要谈判议题,但合成生物学生成物能否适用《卡塔赫纳生物安全议定书》(以下简称《议定书》)却尚未达成共识。在《公约》框架下提出“四层次分析+三步检验法”作为判断合成生物学生成物与《议定书》适用关系的方法:第一层次是活性生物体,与《议定书》界定的改性活生物体最相似,根据其所处发展阶段、生成物种类和所依赖的技术基础三步进行检验,以判断其是否适用《议定书》。第二层次是基因物质,如果其以生成生物实体为目的,那么可以将其纳入“活性生物体”范畴考虑,运用三步检验法进行具体分析。第三层次是生物系统,生物系统中的生物活体部分,可以适用《议定书》。第四层次是由合成生物技术生成的组成部分和产品,由DNA测序技术生成的组成部分和产品无需适用《议定书》;基于DNA合成技术、基因组设计、合成与组装、基因编辑技术生成的组成部分和产品,可以参照因物质层次的分析方法进行判断;基于元件工程、回路工程生成的组成部分和产品,由生物元件与基因回路组成后生成更高层级的生物系统且具有生成生物实体可能的部分,可以适用《议定书》。

摘要：Periosteum,a membrane covering the surface of the bone,plays an essential role in maintaining the function of bone tissue—and especially in providing nourishment and vascularization during the bone regeneration ***,most artificial periostea have relatively weak mechanical strength and a rapid degradation rate,and they lack integrated angiogenesis and osteogenesis *** this study,a bi-layer,biomimetic,artificial periosteum composed of a methacrylated gelatin–nano-hydroxyapatite(GelMA-nHA)cambium layer and a poly(N-acryloyl 2-lycine)(PACG)-GelMA-Mg^(2+)fibrous layer was fabricated via 3D *** GelMA-nHA layer is shown to undertake the function of improving osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells with the sustainable release of Ca^(2+) from nHA *** hydrogen-bonding-strengthened P(ACG-GelMA-L)-Mg^(2+)hydrogel layer serves to protect the inner defect site and prolong degradation time(60 days)to match new bone ***,the released magnesium ion exhibits a prominent effect in regulating the polarization phenotype of macrophage cells into theM2 phenotype and thus promotes the angiogenesis of the human umbilical vein endothelial cells in *** bi-layer artificial periosteum was implanted into a critical-sized cranial bone defect in rats,and the 12-week post-operative outcomes demonstrate optimal new bone regeneration.

摘要：In order to determine the design tide levels in the areas without measured tide level data, especially in the areas where it is difficult to measure tidal levels, a calculation method based on a numerical model of tidal current is proposed. The essentials of the method are described, and its application is illustrated with an example. The results of the application show that the design tide levels calculated by the method are close to those determined by long-time measured tide level data, and its calculation precision is high, so it is feasible to use the method to determine the design tide levels in the areas.

摘要：In this paper,we consider a multi-UAV surveillance scenario where a team of unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)synchronously covers an area for monitoring the ground *** this scenario,we adopt the leader-follower control mode and propose a modified Lyapunov guidance vector field(LGVF)approach for improving the precision of surveillance trajectory ***,in order to adopt to poor communication conditions,we propose a prediction-based synchronization method for keeping the formation ***,in order to adapt the multi-UAV system to dynamic and uncertain environment,this paper proposes a hierarchical dynamic task scheduling *** this architecture,we firstly classify all the algorithms that perform tasks according to their functions,and then modularize the algorithms based on plugin ***,integrating the behavior model and plugin technique,this paper designs a three-layer control flow,which can efficiently achieve dynamic task *** order to verify the effectiveness of our architecture,we consider a multi-UAV traffic monitoring scenario and design several cases to demonstrate the online adjustment from three levels,respectively.

摘要：Artificial neural networks have dramatically improved the performance of many machine-learning applications such as image recognition and natural language processing. However, the electronic hardware implementations of the above-mentioned tasks are facing performance ceiling because Moore’s Law is slowing down. In this article, we propose an optical neural network architecture based on optical scattering units to implement deep learning tasks with fast speed, low power consumption and small *** optical scattering units allow light to scatter back and forward within a small region and can be optimized through an inverse design method. The optical scattering units can implement high-precision stochastic matrix multiplication with mean squared error < 10-4 and a mere 4*4 um2 ***, an optical neural network framework based on optical scattering units is constructed by introducing "Kernel Matrix", which can achieve 97.1% accuracy on the classic image classification dataset MNIST.

摘要：Interfaces play critical roles in electronic devices and provide great diversity of film morphology and device *** retrospect the substrate mediated vacuum film growth of benchmark high mobility material 2,7-dioctyl[1]benzothieno[3,2-b]benzothiophene(C8-BTBT)and the interface electronic *** film growth of C8-BTBT molecules is diversified depending on the substrate-molecule and molecule-molecule *** atomic smooth substrates C8-BTBT film grows in layer-by-layer mode while on coarse substrate it grows in islands *** initial molecular layer at dielectric,semiconductor and conductive substrates displays slight different lattice *** initial molecule orientation depends on the substrate and will gradually change to standing up configuration as in bulk phase.C8-BTBT behaves as electron donor when contacting with dielectric and stable conductive *** usually induces a dipole layer pointing to C8-BTBT and an upward bend bending in C8-BTBT side toward the *** it is air stable,C8-BTBT is chemically reactive with some transition metals and *** orientation change from lying down to standing up in the film usually leads to decrease of ionization *** article provides insights to the interface physical and chemical processes and suggestions for optimal design and fabrication of C8-BTBT based devices.

摘要：The reaction mechanism of zeolite- or zeotype-catalyzed methanol-to-olefins（MTO） conversion is still a subject of debate. Employing periodic density functional theory calculations, the olefin-based cycle was studied using tetramethylethene（TME） as a representative olefinic hydrocarbon pool in H-SAPO-18 zeotype. The overall free energy barrier at 673 K was calculated and found to be less than 150 kJ/mol in the TME-based cycle, much lower than those in the aromatic-based cycle（〉 200 kJ/mol）, indicating that olefins themselves are the dominant active hydrocarbon pool species in H-SAPO-18. The similarity of the intermediates involved between the aromatic-based cycle and the olefin-based cycle was also highlighted, revealing that both cycles were pattern-consistent. The selectivity related to the distribution of cracking precursors, such as higher olefins or carbenium ions, as a result of the olefin-based cycle for the MTO conversion. The enthalpy barrier of the crack-ing step scaled linearly with the number of carbon atoms of cracking precursors to produce ethene or propene with ethene being much less favored than propene for cracking of C7 and higher pre-cursors. This work highlighted the importance of the olefin-based cycle in H-SAPO-18 for the MTO conversion and established the similarity between the olefin-based and aromatic-based cycles.

摘要：This paper proposes a theoretical framework of spatial information sharing in a digital city, and analyzes its technical characteristics. According to the service-oriented architecture (SOA) framework, a geospatial information sharing platform is put forward. The spatial information sharing model based on SOA is designed. A prototype platform realizing multiple-source spatial information sharing based on ArcGIS Server is developed.

摘要：We present a method for computed tomography(CT)image processing and modeling for tibia microstructure,achieved by using computer graphics and fractal *** the large-scale image data of tibia species with DICOM standard for clinical applications,we take advantage of algorithms such as image binarization,hot pixel removing and close operation to obtain visually clear image for tibia *** of these images are based on 20 CT scanning images with 30μm slice thickness and 30μm interval and continuous changes in *** each pore,we determine its profile by using an improved algorithm for edge ***,to calculate its three-dimensional fractal dimension,we measure the circumference perimeter and area of the pores of bone microstructure using a line fitting method based on the least ***,we put forward an algorithm for the pore profiles through ellipse *** results show that the pores have significant fractal characteristics because of the good linear correlation between the perimeter and the area parameters in log–log scale coordinates system,and the ratio of the elliptical short axis to the long axis through ellipse fitting tends to *** on support vector machine and structural risk minimization principle,we put forward a mapping database theory of structure parameters among the pores of CT images and fractal dimension,Poisson’s ratios,porosity and equivalent *** this basis,we put forward a new concept for 3D modeling called precision-measuring digital expressing to reconstruct tibia microstructure for human hard tissue.

摘要：Desertification control is a crucial way to enhancing the ecological conditions of arid and semi-arid regions, and maintaining sustainable development globally. Designing and improving an ecological compensation mechanism for desertification control has great significance related to achieving balance amongst the needs of different economic subjects and the assurance of a sustained and stable supply of desert ecosystem services. In this paper,(1) the theoretical bases of ecological compensation for desertification control were re-analyzed;(2) the research status and challenges of three important topics related to ecological compensation for desertification control were systemically discussed, including compensation standards, ecosystem service supply-consumption process and multi-scale effects, and resource-environment basis and policy orientation;(3) a research framework of ecological compensation for desertification control based on the process of desert ecosystem service supply–flow–consumption was proposed;(4) and finally, seven priority research issues were discussed, which aimed to support ecological compensation policy-making and ecological engineering implementation for desertification control.