摘要：深部岩体具有高地应力的特征,给传统爆破开采方式带来了技术难度大、效率低、成本高等问题。为克服这些困难,采用LS-dYNA软件对扇形中深孔爆破过程进行数值模拟,研究地应力大小对岩体爆破损伤特性的影响。结合矿山实际开采条件,设计爆破试验方案。结果表明:在地应力作用下,岩石质点振动速度峰值和单元有效应力降低,爆破过程中的最大能量降低。使用响应面法,得到最小抵抗线和孔底距对力学响应的影响,并对其进行优化分析。孔底距为2.48 m,最小抵抗线为1.6 m时,获得了最佳的爆破成本和效果。本研究可为深部开采遇到的扇形孔爆破难题提供解决方案。

摘要：With various exascale systems in different countries planned over the next three to five years, developing application software for such unprecedented computing capabilities and parallel scaling becomes a major challenge. In this study, we start our discussion with the current 125-Pflops Sunway TaihuLight system in china and its related application challenges and solutions. Based on our current experience with Sunway TaihuLight, we provide a projection into the next decade and discuss potential challenges and possible trends we would probably observe in future high performance computing software.

摘要：高熵合金近年来在电催化领域广受关注.由于其四大“核心效应”,即高熵效应、晶格畸变效应、迟滞扩散效应和鸡尾酒效应,高熵合金在诸多电催化反应中展现出了优异的活性和选择性.然而在已报道的文献综述中,有关其优异性能的理解以及合理设计的系统性总结仍然具有局限性.本文不仅综述了高熵合金电催化剂的特点和设计准则,还对其应用的最新进展进行了系统性的归纳整理,对高熵合金未来的发展具有指导意义.首先我们从多个角度阐明了高熵合金作为一种优异电催化剂的原因,包括其出色的机械性能、可优化的结构和组成、大量具有高本征活性的活性位点,以及出色的稳定性.为了进一步深入对高熵合金电催化剂的理解,我们还从设计准则、元素选择,以及理论计算预测材料性质等角度,详细介绍了高熵合金的合理设计.随后,我们介绍了高熵合金电催化剂在电解水、有机小分子氧化、燃料电池和碳/氮基转化反应的最新研究进展,其中还包括了一系列理论计算和原位表征在理解催化反应机理方面的应用.最后,我们展望了高熵合金电催化剂在未来发展中面临的挑战和机遇.

摘要：The third-generation(3G)biorefinery aims to use microbial cell factories or enzymatic systems to synthesize value-added chemicals from one-carbon(C1)sources,such as CO_(2),formate,and methanol,fueled by renewable energies like light and *** promising technology represents an important step toward sustainable development,which can help address some of the most pressing environmental challenges faced by modern ***,to establish processes competitive with the petroleum industry,it is crucial to determine the most viable pathways for C1 utilization and productivity and yield of the target *** this review,we discuss the progresses that have been made in constructing artificial biological systems for 3G biorefineries in the last 10 ***,we highlight the representative works on the engineering of artificial autotrophic microorganisms,tandem enzymatic systems,and chemobio hybrid systems for C1 *** also prospect the revolutionary impact of these developments on *** harnessing the power of 3G biorefinery,scientists are establishing a new frontier that could potentially revolutionize our approach to industrial production and pave the way for a more sustainable future.

摘要：This paper proposes a design of passive cooling system for CPr1000 spent fuel pool(SFP). Our design can effectively manage the SFP temperature not to exceed80 C. Then the transient analysis of the CPr1000 SFP with designed passive cooling system is carried out in station blackout(SBO) accident by the best-estimate thermal-hydraulic system code rELAP5. The simulation results show that to maintain the temperature of CPr1000 SFP under 80 C, the numbers of the SFP and air cooling heat exchangers tubes are 6627 and 19 086, *** height difference between the bottom of the air cooling heat exchanger and the top of the SFP heat exchanger is3.8 m. The number of SFP heat exchanger tubes decreases as the height difference increases, while the number of the air cooling heat exchanger tubes increases. The transient analysis results show that after the SBO accident, a stable natural cooling circulation is established. The surface temperature of CPr1000 SFP increases continually until 80 C, which indicates that the design of the passive air cooling system for CPr1000 SFP is capable of removing the decay heat to maintain the temperature of the SFP around 80 C after losing the heat sink.

摘要：Taking an oxygen enriched side-blown furnace as the prototype,a hydraulic model was established according to the similarity *** influence of three factors on the gas-liquid two-phase flow was analyzed,*** airflow speed,the submerged depth and the downward angle of the nozzle.A numerical simulation of the hydraulic model was carried out trying to find the suitable turbulence model which can describe the side-blown two-phase flow correctly by comparing the simulation results with the experimental *** experiment shows that the airflow speed has a great influence on the flow of the *** submerged depth of the nozzle has a relatively smaller influence on the penetration depth and the surface fluctuation height in the liquid *** the nozzle is at a downward angle of 15°,the penetration depth and the surface fluctuation height are *** is concluded that the numerical results with the realizable k-εturbulence model are the closest to the experiment for the penetration depth,the surface fluctuation height and the bubble scale.

摘要：Artificial intelligence(AI)is the core technology of technological revolution and industrial *** one of the new intelligent needs in the AI 2.0 era,financial intelligence has elicited much attention from the academia and *** our current dynamic capital market,financial intelligence demonstrates a fast and accurate machine learning capability to handle complex data and has gradually acquired the potential to become a'financial brain.'In this paper,we survey existing studies on financial ***,we describe the concept of financial intelligence and elaborate on its position in the financial technology ***,we introduce the development of financial intelligence and review state-of-the-art techniques in wealth management,risk management,financial security,financial consulting,and ***,we propose a research framework called FinBrain and summarize four open issues,namely,explainable financial agents and causality,perception and prediction under uncertainty,risk-sensitive and robust decision-making,and multi-agent game and mechanism *** believe that these research directions can lay the foundation for the development of AI 2.0 in the finance field.

摘要：In-situ transmission electron microscopy(TEM)has been demonstrated to be a powerful method in resolving challenging problems such as interactions among various *** take advantage of the atomic resolution of advanced TEMs,a compact five-degree-of-freedom nanomanipulator was integrated with an indenter that was made of nanotwinned diamonds,for both the in-situ mechanical testing and double tilting of TEM *** a demonstration,in-situ bending tests were performed on the?111?,?110?and?100?single-crystal diamond *** tests revealed the{111}cleavage to be the dominant failure *** in-situ indentation on a diamond nanoplate led to curved cracks consisting of nanometer-scale steps,which were identified to be atomic flat{111}*** atomic-scale observation of the deformation and failure of diamonds demonstrated the stability of the entire system and the durability of the *** expect that more delicate research can be carried out by means of this holder in the near future,including in-situ stimulation,atomic characterization,and tomography.

摘要：Nickel-based layered double hydroxides(LdHs)are promising electrode materials in the fields of energy storage(supercapacitors)and conversion(urea oxidation).The rational construction of atomic and electronic structure is crucial for nickel-based LdHs to realize their satisfactory electrochemical ***,we report a facile,ecofriendly,one-step synthesis process to construct petal-like oxygen-deficient NiAl-LdH nanosheets for hybrid supercapacitors(HSCs)and urea oxidation reaction(UOr).The asprepared NiAl-LdH nanosheets with rich oxygen vacancies possess a large specific surface area of 216.6 m2 g^(-1) and a desirable electronic conductivity of 3.45×10^(–4)S cm^(-1) to deliver an ultra-high specific capacitance of 2801 F g^(-1)(700 C g^(-1))at 1 A g^(-1).Furthermore,high specific energy of 50.0 W h kg^(-1) at 400 W kg^(-1) and excellent cycle stability with 91%capacitance retention after 10,000 cycles are achieved by the NiAl-LdHs/CFP(carbon fiber paper)(+)//YP-80F(a commercial activated carbon)(–)***,NiAl-LdH nanosheets also work as an efficient electrocatalyst for UOr,which only requires 1.42 V *** hydrogen electrode to drive 10 mA cm^(–2) in 1 mol L^(-1) KOH with 0.33 mol L^(-1) *** remarkable performance is superior to most reported values of previous candidates owing to the thin structure of NiAl-LdH nanosheets for exposing more active sites and abundant oxygen *** addition,various reaction parameters are investigated to optimize the electrochemical *** general,this work paves a new way for the architecture of multifunctional nanostructured energy materials.

摘要：A new process of AlN removal from secondary aluminum dross(SAd)by pyrometallurgical treatment with added cryolite was applied for solving the problem of recycling the secondary aluminum *** response surface methodology(rSM)was used to design experiments and optimize *** results show that adding the appropriate amount of cryolite can effectively promote the oxidation of AlN in the SAd,and too much cryolite will reduce the promotion *** effects of roasting temperature and cryolite on the denitrification rate are the most significant(p<0.0001)followed by holding *** values of the denitrification rate are found to be in good agreement with experimental values(r^(2)=0.9894 and r_(adj)^(2)=0.9775),which confirms the validity of the model *** optimum conditions of roasting temperature of 750°C,holding time of 194 min,mass fraction of cryolite of 17.7%are obtained according to the quadratic *** these conditions,the maximum actual denitrification rate reaches 94.71%and the AlN content in the SAd is only 0.55 wt%.The unfired brick with compressive strength of 18.62 MPa(GB/T 2542−2012)was prepared based on the roasted SAd.