摘要：Based on the building principle of additive manufacturing,printing orientation mainly determines the tribological properties of joint *** this study,we created a polyether-ether-ketone(PEEK)joint prosthesis using fused filament fabrication and investigated the effects of printing orientation on its tribological properties using a pin-on-plate tribometer in 25% newborn calf *** ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene transfer film is formed on the surface of PEEK due to the mechanical capture of wear debris by the 3D-printed groove morphology,which is significantly impacted by the printing orientation of *** the printing orientation was parallel to the sliding direction of friction,the number and size of the transfer film increased due to higher steady *** transfer film protected the matrix and reduced the friction coefficient and wear rate of friction pairs by 39.13%and 74.33%,***,our findings provide a novel perspective regarding the role of printing orientation in designing knee prostheses,facilitating its practical applications.

摘要：Dipoles with Lorentz-type resonant electromagnetic responses can realise negative effective parameters in their negative resonant region. The electric dipole and magnetic dipole can realise, respectively, negative permittivity and negative permeability, so both the field distribution forms of electric and magnetic dipoles are fundamentals in designing left-handed metamaterial. Based on this principle, this paper studies the field distribution in high-permittivity dielectric materials. The field distributions at different resonant modes are analysed based on the dielectric resonator theory. The origination and influence factors of the electric and magnetic dipoles are confirmed. Numerical simulations indicate that by combining dielectric cubes with different sizes, the electric resonance frequency and magnetic resonance frequency can be superposed. Finally, experiments are carried out to verify the feasibility of all-dielectric left-handed metamaterial composed by this means.

摘要：In the past twenty years, electromagnetic metamaterials represented by left-handed metamaterials（LHMs） have attracted considerable attention due to the unique properties such as negative refraction, perfect lens, and electromagnetic cloaks. In this paper, we present a comprehensive review of our group＇s work on metamaterials and metasurfaces. We present several types of LHMs and chiral metamaterials. As a two-dimensional equivalent of bulk three-dimensional metamaterials, metasurfaces have led to a myriad of devices due to the advantages of lower profile, lower losses, and simpler to fabricate than bulk three-dimensional metamaterials. We demonstrate the novel microwave metadevices based on metamaterials and metasurfaces： perfect absorbers and microwave patch antennas, including novel transmission line antennas,high gain resonant cavity antennas, wide scanning phased array antennas, and circularly polarized antennas.

摘要：采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理计算方法,研究了Mo含量对Ti-xMo-Sn(x=1~5)合金相稳定性、弹性性质及其电子结构的影响,采用Voigt-Reuss-Hill近似方法估算了体系的多晶弹性模量,提出了低模量Ti-Mo-Sn合金的价电子准则,为医用钛合金的设计提供了理论基础。结果表明:Mo元素合金化能明显提高Ti-xMo-Sn合金的β相稳定性,所有合金都满足力学稳定性要求,随Mo元素含量增加,合金的体积模量B逐渐变大,而剪切模量G和杨氏模量E先减小后增大,其中Ti-3Mo-Sn具有最低的杨氏模量(48.47 GPa)和最佳的延展性,在生物医用领域展现出巨大潜力。Ti-xMo-Sn合金的弹性各向异性A与Mo元素含量有关,低弹性模量取向始终沿晶体学方向。最后,结合Ti合金的总态密度(DOS)和分波态密度(PDOS)分析讨论了Mo元素对β相结构稳定性的影响机制。

摘要：Based on angular amplitude modulation of orthogonal base vectors in common-path interference method, we propose an interesting type of hybrid vector beams with unprecedented azimuthal polarization gradient and demonstrate in experiment. Geometrically, the configured azimuthal polarization gradient is indicated by intriguing mapping tracks of angular polarization states on Poincaré sphere, more than just conventional circles for previously reported vector beams. Moreover, via tailoring relevant parameters, more special polarization mapping tracks can be handily achieved. More noteworthily, the designed azimuthal polarization gradients are found to be able to induce azimuthally non-uniform orbital angular momentum density, while generally uniform for circle-track cases, immersing in homogenous intensity background whatever base states are. These peculiar features may open alternative routes for new optical effects and applications.

摘要：研究了一种货运站场的选址分配问题,它是一类容量受限且需求随机的多设施选址问题。针对该问题提出一种两阶段决策优化方法:第1阶段为选址决策,发生在站场实际建设前;第2阶段为分配决策,发生在站场建设后、实际运营前。选址和分配2个阶段在模型求解时同步完成。基于场景规划理论建立了对应的容量受限型数学模型,该模型的建设费用和运营费用同站场容量成比例,同时约束条件考虑了规划的阶段性需求,更贴近实际情况。设计了采用符号编码策略的遗传算法,算法的编码方式不仅极大缩小了搜索规模和计算复杂度,而且能消除很多遗传算法的实施限制。针对中国的一个国家级枢纽规划问题,应用两阶段优化方法,基于实际统计数据,建立具体的数学模型并运用所设计的算法进行求解,得到不同场景下的选址分配结果,给出了相应的情况分析。

摘要：Electrocatalysis is a promising approach to clean energy conversion due to its high efficiency and low environmental pollution. Noble metal materials have been studied to show high activity toward electrocatalyltic reactions, although such applications remain restricted by the high cost and poor durability of the noble metals. By precisely adjusting the catalyst composition, size, and structure, electrocatalysts with excellent performance can be obtained. Atomic layer deposition(ALD) is a technique used to produce ultrathin films and ultrafine nanoparticles at the atomic level. It possesses unique advantages for the controllable design and synthesis of electrocatalysts. Furthermore, the homogenous composition and structure of the electrocatalysts prepared by ALD favor the exploration of structure-reactivity relationships and catalytic mechanisms. In this review, the mechanism, characteristics, and advantages of ALD in fabricating nanostructures are introduced first. Subsequently, the problems associated with existing electrocatalysts and a series of recently developed ALD strategies to enhance the activity and durability of electrocatalysts are presented. For example, the deposition of ultrafine Pt nanoparticles to increase the utilization and activity of Pt, fabrication of core–shell, overcoat, nanotrap, and other novel structures to protect the noble-metal nanoparticles and enhance the catalyst stability. In addition, ALD developments in synthesizing non-noble metallic electrocatalysts are summarized and discussed. Finally, based on the current studies, an outlook for the ALD application in the design and synthesis of electrocatalysts is presented.

摘要：A novel metal/semiconductor photocatalyst,Cu nanoparticles(NPs)modified TiO2 hollow spheres(Cu/TiO2),was designed for efficient photocatalytic overall water splitting(POWS)under both ultraviolet(UV)and visible(Vis)*** Cu/TiO2 photocatalyst possesses excellent POWS performance under Vis light at the highest level among the reported TiO2-based ***,the metal/semiconductor junction formed between Cu and TiO2 enables controlled water-oxidation product selectivity(H2O2 or O2)via different reaction pathways regulated by irradiation *** UV light,the electrons excited in TiO2 are captured by Cu NPs through the Cu/TiO2 Schottky interface for H2 production,with the photoholes in TiO2 producing H2O2 through a two-electron process;whilst under Vis light,Cu NPs act as plasmon to inject hot electrons to TiO2 for H2 production,while O2 is produced by hot holes on Cu NPs via a four-electron *** rational design of function-switchable metal/semiconductor junction may be helpful to understand the mechanisms for POWS with desired gas/liquid water-oxidation products.

摘要：通过将采热管群与充填采矿技术相结合可提取矿井中的地热能,有效缓解高地热带来的热害问题。本文以采热管群为研究对象,分析了充填体放热过程中传热流体的温度、速度和压力分布,讨论了雷诺数、管径、管间距和管排方式对采热管群性能的影响。结果表明:当雷诺数从100增加到5000时,换热量从2.24×10^(3)kJ增加到16.78×10^(3)kJ,综合评价因子从0.087增加到1.31。当管径从4 mm增加到6 mm时,换热量从15.07×10^(3)kJ增加到17.11×10^(3)kJ,综合评价因子从1.157增加到1.388。当管间距从130 mm增加到170 mm时,换热量从14.24×10^(3)kJ增加到16.25×10^(3)kJ,综合评价因子从1.013增加到1.263。此外,四路并联布置可以保证较高的换热量和较低的压降,从而获得较高的综合评价因子。该研究为充填体中采热管群的设计和优化提供了理论参考。

摘要：An approach to design multi-channel cylinder dryer was proposed. The heat transfer performance and flow characteristic under various structural parameters were analyzed. First, an experiment was designed and set up to measure the condensing heat transfer coefficient and the pressure drop in order to ,~erify the applicability of the Cavallini＇s correlation. Then, the relationship among the count of channels, aspect ratio, spacing ratio, width, height and hydraulic diameter of a channel was given. Finally, the correlation of condensing heat transfer and the homogeneous model was introduced in order to observe the heat transfer performance and flow characteristic of the multi-channel cylinder dryer affected by different structures. The study reveals that the structural parameters including count of channels, aspect ratio, spacing ratio of a channel dramatically influence the condensation heat transfer coefficient and frictional resistance of the steam. Based on the selected paper machine, it is suggested that the overall performance of the multi-channel cylinder dryer is best if the count of channels is 150-200, the aspect ratio is 1 ： 3 and the spacing ratio is 1 ： 1-1 ： 3.