摘要：红外图像去噪在军事及民用领域应用广泛。现有基于深度学习的图像去噪方法主要为可见光图像设计,此类方法容易过度平滑图像细节,从而导致弱小目标丢失,为后续的检测任务带来困难。为了在去除噪声的同时保留好红外图像中的目标信息,本文提出了一种基于梯度可感知通道注意力模块的红外弱小目标检测前去噪网络。该网络首先采用编码器-解码器结构来去除图像中的加性噪声,然后通过梯度可感知通道注意力模块对图像高频区域进行自适应增强,有效保持红外弱小目标的响应强度。此外,本文提出了领域第一个包含3981张含噪声的红外图像数据集。实验结果表明,该网络能够在有效去除加性噪声的同时避免过度平滑,很好地保留了红外图像中的目标信息,最终实现了在含噪声环境下的高鲁棒性红外弱小目标检测。

摘要：Bone screws are devices used to fix implants or bones to ***,conventional screws are mechanically fixed with thread and often face long-term failure due to poor *** improve osseointegration,screws are evolving from solid and smooth to porous and *** manufacturing(AM)offers a high degree of manufacturing freedom,enabling the preparation of predesigned screws that are porous and *** paper provides an overview of the problems currently faced by bone screws:long-term loosening and screw ***,advances in osseointegrated screws are summarized hierarchically(sub-micro,micro,and macro).At the sub-microscale level,we describe surface-modification techniques for enhancing *** the micro level,we summarize the micro-design parameters that affect the mechanical and biological properties of porous osseointegrated screws,including porosity,pore size,and pore *** addition,we highlight three promising pore shapes:triply periodic minimal surface,auxetic structure with negative Poisson ratio,and the Voronoi *** the macro level,we outline the strategies of graded design,gradient design,and topology optimization design to improve the mechanical strength of porous osseointegrated ***,this paper outlines advances in AM technology for enhancing the mechanical properties of porous osseointegrated *** osseointegrated screws with hierarchical design are expected to provide excellent long-term fixation and the required mechanical strength.

摘要：准二维钙钛矿表现出独特的光物理性质,这使它们成为激光技术潜在进步的优秀候选材料.高性能纳秒脉冲激光和放大自发发射(ASE)是实现连续波抽运光电泵浦激光器的关键工艺.然而,在纳秒脉冲激光泵浦下发展准二维钙钛矿ASE或激光仍然存在一些困难,包括表面缺陷浓度高、俄歇复合和能量传递效率低.本文通过无添加剂的Cs^(+)阳离子掺杂策略,可以很好地控制准二维钙钛矿膜的形貌和相分布,从而解决了低n相导致的能量传递途径不足的问题.本文通过快速的能量传递过程揭示了增益性质和载流子复合.基于此,掺杂适当比例Cs^(+)阳离子的PEA_(2)(FA_(0.7)Cs_(0.3))_(2)Pb_(3)Br_(10)钙钛矿膜的净增益系数比原始钙钛矿薄膜提高了近3倍,从而将纳秒激光激发下的放大自发发射阈值降低到1/3.研究结果表明,在准二维钙钛矿中掺杂Cs^(+)可为实现高性能激光器件的相位分布设计提供见解.

摘要：为进一步改善车辆座椅乘坐舒适性,设计了3种分别基于负刚度结构单元(NSE)、阻尼结构单元(DE)及负刚度阻尼单元(NSDE)的座椅悬架系统.建立了座椅悬架动力学模型,以悬架位移幅和座椅加速度的均方根值为评价目标,考察了不同设计参数对座椅乘坐舒适性的影响特性,并利用遗传算法对悬架设计参数进行了优化分析.研究结果表明:基于NSE和DE单元的悬架设计参数对评价目标的影响较大,通过参数优化分析发现DE的阻尼力比NSE的恢复力低98.3%,说明DE结构单元对改善座椅隔振性能作用有限.但引入NSE结构单元后,NSDE悬架系统的振动位移幅和座椅加速度的均方根值明显减小,有效提升了座椅的隔振效果,提高了驾驶员的乘坐舒适性.

摘要：设计高选择性、稳定和低成本的催化剂将二氧化碳电化学转化为高附加值的碳产品以缓解二氧化碳排放和能源危机仍是一个挑战。通过将单原子CoN_(4)活性位点嵌入石墨烯基体中得到了一种强健和高效的CO_(2)还原电催化剂。结果表明,这些高度分散的CoN_(4)位点具有出色的CO_(2)还原活性,在电压为−0.76 V(***),过电位为0.65 V时,CO法拉第效率达~95%。同时,该催化剂具有优异的稳定性。本工作为设计高效CO_(2)还原电催化剂奠定了基础。

摘要：紧张传感器被给，并且而且高取得资格，拉紧传感器的提高的敏感纤维栅栏(FBG ) 的理论设计方法被开发并且制作，谁的察觉到性质对实际应用程序好。有圆柱的壳封装的紧张传感器包含了三管状的结构，由于不平的表面结构，在紧张集中的区域，改进敏感。它能完成埋入紧张测量和表面测量并且有容易的安装的优点。好协议在大小和理论模拟结果之间被获得。在每刻度测试以后， 24 个 FBG 紧张传感器和六个 FBG 温度赔偿传感器在 Yongtaiwen 高速公路在 Diaoshuiyan 桥牌的盒子 girder 的下面上被安装了。最后，我们为高速公路桥建立了一个长期的结构健康系统。

摘要：基于空间电荷转移(TSCT)的热激活延迟荧光(TADF)材料因其可同时实现小的单重态-三重态分裂能(ΔEST)和快速的辐射速率(kf)而受到广泛关注,但对这类材料的合理设计仍面临挑战.本工作使用极化连续介质模型和量子力学与分子力学结合的方法,对咔唑基TSCTTADF材料在液相和固相中的光物理性质进行了理论研究,阐明其实验性能的差异并揭示分子设计规则.研究表明给体(D)、受体(A)单元平面度逐渐增强的分子表现出D和A单元之间的距离减小、分子内相互作用增强,导致其在固相中有利的辐射过程;并且A单元平面度的增强显著限制了分子的拉伸和旋转振动,减少了非辐射损失,有助于分子性能的提高.此外,这类分子的前线轨道分布显示出明显的分离,有利于实现较小的ΔEST.这些新的理论认识可以对TSCT-TADF材料的结构-性能关系提供深入的光物理见解,为设计和探索高性能TADF材料提供有效策略.

摘要：The design of a tunable metal-coated long-period fiber grating （LPFG） filter based on the material dispersion consideration is presented. The tuning of the resonant wavelength can be achieved by heating the metal layer. Based on the coupled mode theory, the influences of the material dispersion on the transmission spectrum of the metalcoated LPFG are studied. There is a special grating period for a specific cladding mode; when the grating period is less than or equal to the special grating period, the material dispersion has weak influence on the resonant wavelength. Under such condition, the attenuation band depth corresponding to the specific cladding mode has excellent stability while the temperature changes, thus improving the filtering performances of the tunable loss filter. Further, experimental results demonstrate the validity and feasibility of the proposed tunable filter.

摘要：π-Conjugated polymers(CPs)represent one of the quite important and rapidly growing branches of flexible electrochromic *** hybrid CPs employing dibenzo pentacycles(fluorenes,carbazoles,dibenzothiophenes,and dibenzofuran)as the backbones have received considerable attention owing to their special structures and interesting electrochromic *** studies show that polymers from these structures exhibit decent contrast ratios,favorable coloration efficiencies,low switching voltages,fast response time,excellent stability,and color ***,their electrochromic properties significantly depend on fine-tailoring of precursor monomer structures,and polymerization techniques and *** review devotes to showing a clear picture of the research progress of dibenzo pentacycle-centered CPs via electrochemical polymerization,including fluorenes,carbazoles,dibenzothiophenes,and dibenzofuran-based hybrid electrochromic *** influences of the tailored precursor structures on their electropolymerization and resultant polymer performances are highlighted,aiming at providing an insight for the development of novel fused ring-based polymer electrochromic materials.

摘要：A high-sensitivity metal-coated long-period fiber grating(LPFG) sensor based on material dispersion is *** on the coupled mode theory,the influence of the material dispersion on the dual-peak characteristics of the metal-coated LPFG is *** considering the material dispersion,the jumping region of the dual-resonant-wavelength shifts toward the thinner film thickness,and the sensitivity of the dual-peak metal-coated LPFG sensor to liquid refractive index(RI) can be obtained to supply accurate parameter ***,two kinds of silver-coated LPFGs with different film thicknesses and grating periods are fabricated to monitor the salt solution,and the sensitivities of these two sensors are *** experimental results are consistent with the theoretical analyses.