摘要：Ni/TiO_(2) catalyst is widely employed for photo-driven DRM reaction while the influence of crystal structure of TiO_(2) remains *** this work,the rutile/anatase ratio in supports was successfully controlled by varying the calcination temperature of anatase-TiO_(2).Structural characterizations revealed that a distinct TiO_(x) coating on the Ni nanoparticles(NPs)was evident for Ni/TiO_(2)-700 catalyst due to strong metal-support *** is observed that the TiOx overlayer gradually disappeared as the ratio of rutile/anatase increased,thereby enhancing the exposure of Ni active *** exposed Ni sites enhanced visible light absorption and boosted the dissociation capability of CH4,which led to the much elevated catalytic activity for Ni/TiO_(2)-950 in which rutile ***,the catalytic activity of solar-driven DRM reaction was significantly influenced by the rutile/anatase ***/TiO_(2)-950,characterized by a predominant rutile phase,exhibited the highest DRM reactivity,with remarkable H2 and CO production rates reaching as high as 87.4 and 220.2 mmol/(g·h),*** rates were approximately 257 and 130 times higher,respectively,compared to those obtained on Ni/TiO_(2)-700 with *** study suggests that the optimization of crystal structure of TiO_(2) support can effectively enhance the performance of photothermal DRM reaction.

摘要：过渡金属氧化物具有丰富的功能性,但其错综复杂的内部自由度对相图绘制和结构设计提出了挑战.本文中,我们引入了描述相图物理起源的轨道能级序(ELO),并通过对La_(0.67)Sr_(0.33)MnO_(3)(LSMO)氧化物的研究证明了其在相图预测中的有效性.结合DFT计算和实验,我们构建了氧含量和应变关联的LSMO相图,结果表明LSMO结构稳定性与ELO密切相关.据此发现了一种由ELO演化而产生的四倍氧有序相.最后,我们提出了描述轨道分裂程度的轨道弹性定律,阐明了ELO演化的起源,助力功能氧化物的设计.这项研究拓宽了材料科学领域的性能调控手段,并为从轨道角度预测相图提供了思路.

摘要：All-solid-state lithium batteries(ASSLBs)utilizing a nonflowing and low-flammable solid-state electrolyte are considered the most promising candidate to tackle the safety issue of stateof-the-art lithium ion batteries[1].However,recent studies have revealed that ASSLBs may not be as safe as *** high temperatures,various aging and degradation processes evolve inside ASSLBs,such as electrode decay,electrolyte decomposition。

摘要：红外探测系统需要尽早发现目标以便及时拦截,但是红外图像上的小目标检测是一个挑战十足的任务。为了提高检测准确率,提出一种基于自适应对比度增强的红外小目标检测方法。为了利用自注意力机制和卷积各自的优势,设计了一个高效的特征提取网络和一个面向小目标的检测头。同时为了解决实际应用中出现的弱目标,在检测子网络前添加了一个图像预处理子网络,该模块可以自适应地调节图像对比度。在红外空中小目标数据集上的实验表明,提出的方法能达到93.76%的检测精度,与经典的检测方法相比,能够更好地平衡检测精度和召回率,证明了方法的巨大应用潜力。

摘要：基于混合集成的方式,采用对称锥形渐变线匹配结构设计了335 GHz非平衡式三倍频器。在保证单模传输的条件下,该匹配结构不仅能够固定二极管位置,而且可以增大匹配效果,解决了高频段倍频器3 dB带宽较窄的问题。实测结果表明,该倍频器在330~356 GHz频率范围内输出功率均大于5 mW。驱动功率为220 mW时,有最高输出功率11.2 mW,由它作为核心器件组成的固态太赫兹本振源,能够驱动超外差接收机中670 GHz二次谐波混频器。

摘要：The significance of bioink suitability for the extrusion bioprinting of tissue-like constructs cannot be ***,derived from the hydrolysis of collagen,not only can mimic the extracellular matrix to immensely support cell function,but also is suitable for extrusion under certain ***,gelatin has been recognized as a promising bioink for extrusion ***,the development of a gelatin-based bioink with satisfactory printability and bioactivity to fabricate complex tissue-like constructs with the desired physicochemical properties and biofunctions for a specific biomedical application is still in its ***,in this review,we aim to comprehensively summarize the state-of-the-art methods of gelatin-based bioink application for extrusion ***firstly outline the properties and requirements of gelatin-based bioinks for extrusion bioprinting,highlighting the strategies to overcome their main limitations in terms of printability,structural stability and cell ***,the challenges and prospects are further discussed regarding the development of ideal gelatin-based bioinks for extrusion bioprinting to create complex tissue-like constructs with preferable physicochemical properties and biofunctions.

摘要：可充电锌空气电池以其低成本和高能量密度而受到广泛关注.然而,其空气电极上发生的氧还原反应和氧析出反应的动力学缓慢且过程复杂,涉及四电子转移过程,这严重制约了可充电锌空气电池的大规模应用.碳载单原子催化剂在氧电催化领域展现出巨大的潜力,但其双功能氧电催化性能仍有待提高,这与活性位点的配位环境密切相关.相较于单位点单原子催化剂,双位点单原子催化剂可在原子水平上调整活性位点的配位环境,从而提高催化剂的双功能氧电催化性能.本文系统地总结了近年来双功能双位点碳载单原子催化剂在可充电锌-空气电池领域的研究进展.首先,阐述了氧电催化剂的催化机理和设计原则;随后讨论了金属-非金属原子协同策略和双金属原子协同策略在制备高性能双位点碳载单原子催化剂中的应用;最后,提出了双位点碳载单原子催化剂的发展前景和挑战,为合理设计高效双功能氧电催化剂提供了新思路.

摘要：氮气分子的吸附和活化是固氮研究中的重要过程.近年来过渡金属氮化物山于在合成氨催化研究中的优异表现而受到广泛关注.但是,氮化物物种与氮气分子在高温下反应的微观机制仍然不清楚,而该过程对于认识反应中的温度效应以及缩小气相团簇体系和凝聚相体系间的差距具有重要意义.本文使用质谱观测到氮化钽团簇阴离子Ta_(3)^(14)N_(3)^(-)和^(15)N_(2)在高温下(393~593 K)发生^(14)N/^(15)N同位素交换而产生^(14)N_(2)/^(15)N^(14)N.结合理论计算,阐述了同位素交换反应的微观机理以及升高温度对于N_(2)在Ta_(3)N_(3)^(-)上解离吸附的促进作用.而在对比实验体系Ta_(3)^(14)N_(4)^(-)/^(15)N_(2)中,观察到升高温度只能加速^(15)N_(2)在吸附产物Ta_(3)^(14)N_(4)^(15)N_(2)^(-)上的脱附.这是由于氮空位是氮化物物种活化氮气的必要条件,而Ta_(3)N_(4)^(-)中由于不存在氮空位因此不能活化和解离氮气.该研究为合成氨中氮化物物种中氮空位的作用提供了重要信息并且为固氮研究中高效催化剂的设计提供了线索.

摘要：本文基于长波InAs/GaSb Ⅱ类超晶格红外焦平面阵列(Focal Plane Array,FPA)设计和生长了由ZnS和Ge组成的多层薄膜结构。与没有多层薄膜的FPA相比,多层薄膜使其响应峰位置从8.7μm和10.3μm分别移动到9.8μm和11.7μm,50%响应截止波长从11.6μm移动至12.3μm,并且在波长为12μm处的响应强度增加了69%。总之,优化的多层薄膜可以调控FPA的响应波长,这为实现更高灵敏度和更高成像能力的长波红外探测提供了更好的平台。

摘要：肿瘤血管正常化(TVN)可以通过逆转异常的肿瘤血管,从而增强抗癌效率,特别是增加药物的瘤内输送.内皮细胞在血管生成中起着至关重要的作用,但持续调控内皮细胞迁移以改善TVN是巧妙而具有挑战性的.本文提出了一种基于具有纳米尺寸和抗氧化能力的富勒烯纳米颗粒(FNPs)抑制内皮细胞迁移的可能策略来实现TVN.本研究证明FNPs在体外通过其抗氧化作用抑制细胞迁移.丙氨酸修饰的钆富勒烯(GFA)表现出优异的TVN效果,并在体内抑制肿瘤生长.在蛋白质微阵列的帮助下,确认GFA在机制上是通过抑制粘着斑通路,从而抑制内皮细胞的迁移.随后,得益于GFA的血管正常化效应,显著增强了化疗疗效.总之,本文证明了富勒烯纳米材料在肿瘤血管正常化中的应用潜力,并拓展了其在癌症纳米医学材料设计中应用的可能性.