摘要：目的观察β趋化因子对小鼠小胶质细胞的活化及诱导感光细胞凋亡的作用。设计实验性研究。研究对象β趋化因子、小鼠BV-2小胶质细胞系及661w感光细胞系。方法将β趋化因子(RANTES、MIP-1α及MIP-1β)加入到BV-2细胞中,观察BV-2细胞活化反应。然后将被激活的BV-2细胞培养液上清加入661w细胞中,观察661w的凋亡情况。或将β趋化因子直接加入到661w细胞中,观察其凋亡情况。事先加入β趋化因子抑制剂met-RANTES后,重复上述操作。主要指标钙内流、ROS及NO的产生、TUNEL阳性感光细胞百分比。结果β趋化因子加入BV-2细胞后,细胞内钙流曲线明显上升、细胞外ROS及NO产生较对照组均明显增高(P<0.01);将激活后的BV-2细胞上清加入到661w细胞中,后者凋亡率增加30%。β趋化因子直接加入661w细胞中,上述指标无明显变化。在加入β趋化因子之前先加入其抑制剂met-RANTES,BV-2细胞的ROS产生较未加抑制剂组明显降低(P<0.01)、NO产生较未加抑制剂组降低(P=0.0187),661w细胞凋亡明显减少。结论β趋化因子可活化小鼠小胶质细胞导致感光细胞凋亡。β趋化因子抑制剂可抑制遗传性视网膜变性小鼠小胶质细胞活化,保护感光细胞。

摘要：目的：克隆小鼠β趋化因子相关的受体并研究其表达。方法：使用共同引物用ＲＴ－ＰＣＲ方法，从ＢＡＬＢ／ｃ小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的Ｐｏｌｙ（Ａ）＋ＲＮＡ中扩增出一０．５ｋｂｃＤＮＡ，再根据其序列，设计一特异引物，用ＭａｒａｔｈｏｎＰＣＲ法扩增得一２．８ｋｂｃＤＮＡ，用Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ方法检测分析该基因，Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ方法分析其表达。结果：成功克隆出小鼠ＣＣＲ５ｃＤＮＡ，其开放阅读框为１０６５ｂｐ，编码３５５个氨基酸，与人巨噬细胞炎性趋化蛋白５受体（ｈｕＭＩＰ－５Ｒ）同源性为８１％，Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ结果显示该基因为单拷贝，Ｎｏｒｔｈｅｒｎ结果显示小鼠巨噬细胞、脾脏等有表达。结论：克隆得到小鼠ＣＣＲ５基因，可作为研究ＨＩＶ－１感染机制及ＡＩＤＳ治疗有价值的实验模型。

摘要：Objective: To examine if correlates of HIV-1 genital shedding in crosssectional studies can be used to determine the risk of shedding in individual HIV-1-positive women. Study design: Longitudinal samples from blood and cervix were obtained from 18 HIV-1 infected women, and HIV-1 RNA and cellassociated DNA virus, and betachemokine levels, were measured. Associations between variables were analyzed at both individual and group level. Results: The variation over time was 2.9-, 2.1-, and 2.3-fold in plasma RNA, PBMC DNA and cervical RNA load, respectively, and reached 6.2-fold in cervical DNA load. Differences were observed between associations in individualand grouplevel comparisons, suggesting that a separate reservoir of HIV replication may exist in the genital tract of some women, which is influenced by local environmental factors. Conclusions: Our study underscores the importance of caution during contact with genital fluids at all stages of infection and disease regardless of treatment and HIV-1 blood loads.